scholarly journals Assessing Genetic Variability of Pelargonium Species Using PCR-based TRAP Markers

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 812D-812
Author(s):  
Wai-Foong Hong ◽  
Chang-Qing Bai ◽  
Michael Broe ◽  
Jinguo Hu ◽  
Charles Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Marker System ◽  
Highly Correlated

Pelargonium is one of the important flower crops in USA. It is a priority genus for conservation at the USDA Ornamental Plant Germplasm Center (OPGC). It belongs to Geraniaceae family and comprises of about 280 species. To understand the genetic variation of the Pelargonium collection at OPGC, the PCR-based TRAP (target region amplified polymorphism) marker system which was newly developed in sunflower was used in this study. Twelve sets of primers were used to fingerprint 46 accessions representing 21 commercial P. hortorum, 17 scented geraniums and 8 other unidentified Pelargonium taxa. About 150 DNA bands could be detected in each primer and accession combination. Cluster analysis showed that molecular data was highly correlated with the phenotypes. Cultivars with similar morphological traits were clustered together. These results demonstrated that the TRAP system is a useful technique for the characterization and classification of Pelargonium collections.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in the emblematic Puya raimondii (Bromeliaceae) from Huascarán National Park, Peru

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Teresa Hornung-Leoni ◽  
Victoria Sosa ◽  
June Simpson ◽  
Katia Gil
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mountain Systems

Puya raimondii, the giant Peruvian and Bolivian terrestrial bromeliad, is an emblematic endemic Andean species well represented in Huascarán National Park in Peru. This park is the largest reserve of puna (high altitude plateau) vegetation. The objective of this study is to report on genetic variation in populations of P. raimondii from Huascarán and neighboring areas. AFLP profiles with four selective primer combinations were retrieved for 60 individuals from different zones. Genetic variability was estimated and a total of 172 bands were detected, of which 79.1% were polymorphic loci. The results showed genetic differentiation among populations, and gene flow. A cluster analysis showed that individuals of P. raimondii populations located in different mountain systems could be grouped together, suggesting long distance dispersal. Thus, conservation strategies for P. raimondii have to take into account exchange between populations located far apart in distance in order to preserve the genetic diversity of this showy species.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Ten Kenyan Plectranthus Species in the Coleus Clade Inferred from Leaf Micromorphology, Rbcl and MatK Genes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Fredrick M. Musila ◽  
Catherine W. Lukhoba ◽  
Joseph M. Nguta ◽  
Saifuddin F. Dossaji
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Plant Identification ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Species Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Leaf Micromorphology ◽  
Micromorphological Characters

Plectranthus species are difficult to taxonomically delimit due to lack of clear-cut morphological synapomorphies. This study is aimed at bringing insights into classification of ten Plectranthus species in the Coleus clade by using leaf micromorphology and molecular data. Stomatal counts and observation of microtome leaf sections generated leaf micromorphology data, while molecular data was obtained from sequencing MatK and Rbcl genes from each species. Phylogeny based on the MatK and Rbcl gene sequences clustered four species P. caninus, P. otostegioides, P. barbatus, and P. lanuginosus together (Clusters A and D, respectively), while P. pseudomarrubioides, P. ornatus, and P. aegyptiacus were grouped together into Clusters B and E, respectively, and P. montanus and P. amboinicus were grouped together (Cluster C). A dendrogram was generated through a cluster analysis of the leaf micromorphological characters grouped together, P. caninus, P. ornatus, P. otostegioides, P. montanus, and P. pseudomarrubioides (Cluster F). The dendrogram also grouped together P. aegyptiacus, P. amboinicus, P. edulis, P. barbatus, and P. lanuginosus (Cluster G). The present study has grouped the ten studied Plectranthus species using molecular and leaf micromorphology characters into phylogenies, which are supported by previous studies, and proved that these characters can aid in plant identification and phylogenetic studies.

scholarly journals Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Genetic Diversity of Salicornia Iranica Akhani Wildlife Populations around Urmia Lake, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aghaei ◽  
Abbas Hassani ◽  
Hossein Nazemiyeh ◽  
Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani ◽  
Mohammad Saadatian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Urmia Lake ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diversity

Abstract Salicornia is a halophyte plant capable of being irrigated with seawater, which can be used as an alternative food. Given this, it is necessary to study the potentials of this plant's morphological diversity in the natural environment. In this study, 33 wild populations of Salicornia were collected from different geographical areas around Urmia Lake during the flowering stage, and some morphological traits and 25 ISSR loci of the plant were measured. Based on morphological traits and the cluster analysis, Salicornia populations were divided into four groups. Overall, the high percentage of polymorphic gene loci (65.69%), the average number of effective alleles per gene locus (1.63), and the Shannon data index (0.540) indicate that ISSR markers can be used in Identify genetic diversity to be used. Molecular data cluster analysis divided the studied populations into two main groups, which included 12.12% and 87.88% of the populations, respectively. Based on the effective analysis of the population's genetic structure and the precise classification of individuals into suitable sub-populations, the value of K = 2 was calculated. The research findings indicated that markers UBC823, B, A7, and K, and with the Shannon index, effective allele, and large heterozygosity values are markers with the highest effectiveness compared to other markers utilized, and they are used better than other compounds in genetic distance. The findings of this study will aid in parental selection studies for breeding programs of salicornia in future.

scholarly journals Classification of Genetic Variation in Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Revealed by RAPD

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al-Zahim ◽  
H.J. Newbury ◽  
B.V. Ford-Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Wild Progenitor ◽  
Taxonomic Affinity ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primers ◽  
Allium Longicuspis

RAPD analysis was employed to assess genetic variation in named cultivars of garlic (Allium sativum L.), and to examine the relationships between cultivated garlic varieties and the wild progenitor Allium longicuspis. Twenty-seven accessions were subjected to RAPD analysis using 26 oligonucleotide primers. Of a total of 292 bands, 63 (21%) were polymorphic. Cluster analysis revealed groupings that in part reflected patterns of morphological variation. All bolting forms (including wild and cultivated) grouped separately from the nonbolting cultivars. A. longicuspis and var. ophioscorodon grouped together, indicating close taxonomic affinity. Based upon relative levels of variation within different groups, we suggest potential relationships within the A. sativum/A. longicuspis complex.

scholarly journals Volatile composition and classification of Lilium flower aroma types and identification, polymorphisms, and alternative splicing of their monoterpene synthase genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Du ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Jun-miao Fan ◽  
Zhi-zhi Liu ◽  
Jia-xin Zong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Floral Scent ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Terpene Synthase ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Geranyl Diphosphate ◽  
Monoterpene Synthase ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
First Time

Abstract Lily is a well-known ornamental plant with a diversity of fragrant types. Basic information on lily floral scent compounds has been obtained for only a few accessions, and little is known about Lilium aroma types, the terpene synthase genes that may play roles in the production of key volatiles, or the range of monoterpenes that these genes produce. In this study, 41 cultivars were analyzed for volatile emissions, and a total of 46 individual volatile compounds were identified, 16 for the first time in lilies. Lily accessions were classified into six groups according to the composition of major scent components: faint-scented, cool, fruity, musky, fruity-honey, and lily. Monoterpenes were one of the main groups of volatiles identified, and attention was focused on terpene synthase (TPS) genes, which encode enzymes that catalyze the last steps in monoterpene synthesis. Thirty-two candidate monoterpene synthase cDNAs were obtained from 66 lily cultivars, and 64 SNPs were identified. Two InDels were also shown to result from variable splicing, and sequence analysis suggested that different transcripts arose from the same gene. All identified nucleotide substitution sites were highly correlated with the amounts of myrcene emitted, and InDel site 230 was highly correlated with the emission of all major monoterpenoid components, especially (E)-β-ocimene. Heterologous expression of five cDNAs cloned from faint-scented and strong-scented lilies showed that their corresponding enzymes could convert geranyl diphosphate to (E)-β-ocimene, α-pinene, and limonene. The findings from this study provide a major resource for the assessment of lily scent volatiles and will be helpful in breeding of improved volatile components.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and relatedness within and between species of the genus Oligoryzomys (Rodentia; Sigmodontinae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Trott ◽  
SM. Callegari-Jacques ◽  
LFB. Oliveira ◽  
A. Langguth ◽  
MS. Mattevi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest

A RAPD analysis on six species of the rodent genus Oligoryzomys trapped in a wide area (ranging from 01° N to 32° S) of Brazilian territory was performed in order to determine the levels of genetic variability within and between its populations and species. One-hundred and ninety-three animals were collected in 13 different sites (corresponding to 17 samples) located at Pampas, Atlantic Rain Forest, Cerrado, and Amazon domains. Oligoryzomys sp., O. nigripes (8 populations), O. flavescens (4 populations), O. moojeni, O. stramineus, and O. fornesi were the taxa analyzed. Of the 20 primers tested, 4 generated a total of 75 polymorphic products simultaneously amplified in 151 specimens. Various diversity estimators analyzed showed considerable differences between species and populations, indicating a great genetic variation occurring in the Oligoryzomys taxa investigated. A cluster analysis was made using Nei's standard genetic distances, however, it did not correlate the genetic heterogeneity of the species and populations with the geographical areas.

An investigation of genetic variation in Banksia integrifolia (Proteaceae) by the use of the AFLP technique

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine M. Evans ◽  
Ed Newbigin ◽  
Pauline Y. Ladiges
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
Aflp Technique

The Banksia integrifolia L.f. species complex has undergone several taxonomic treatments over the past 20 years. In order to gain further insight into phenetic relationships between the taxa of this species, the distribution of genetic variation over the geographic range of B. integrifolia was investigated by the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique. Ordination and classification analyses resulted in clusters of individuals that closely conformed to the different taxa of this species. Further ordination and classification analyses of individuals of just B. integrifolia subsp. integrifolia indicate that there are also geographical patterns within the subspecies, with those individuals from the north of the species’ range clustering away from those in the south of the range. A Mantel-test between morphological data collected in a previous study and molecular data collected in this study indicated a highly significant correlation between morphological and genetic variation. This study thus supports the current taxonomic classification of the B. integrifolia species complex.

scholarly journals Quantitative Classification of the Morphological Traits of Ray Florets in Large-flowered Chrysanthemum

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1258-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuebin Song ◽  
Kang Gao ◽  
Guangxun Fan ◽  
Xiaogang Zhao ◽  
Zhilan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Quantitative Classification ◽  
Ray Florets

The large-flowered Chinese chrysanthemum is one of the most morphologically complex ornamental plants, and its identification and classification requires a well-defined and reproducible system. The diversity of the capitulum is determined mainly by multiple shapes of ray florets. However, the existing classification systems for ray floret types are incomplete and unsystematic. In this study, 299 ray florets from 151 large-flowered chrysanthemum varieties in China, as well as 12 related traits of ray florets, were selected for quantitative classification. First, as one of the most important indices of ray floret shape, the corolla tube merged degree (CTMD) was defined as the corolla tube length/ray floret length (CTL/RFL). Combined with a probability grading method and linear regression analysis, the CTMD was divided into three groups, flat, spoon, and tubular, of which the CTL/RFL ranged from 0 to 0.20, 0.20 to 0.60, and 0.60 to 1.00, respectively. Second, Q-mode cluster analysis indicated that each group could be further categorized into three types (straight, curved, and atypical), based on other important variables in the ray floret. Finally, the ray floret was classified into nine types, including flat-straight, flat-curve, flat-atypical, spoon-straight, spoon-curve, spoon-atypical, tubular-straight, tubular-curve, and tubular-atypical. This ray floret classification system will be valuable in the classification of capitulum shape and has significance for the identification, breeding, and international standardization of chrysanthemum cultivars.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular variability of Helianthus giganteus L. and Helianthus maximiliani Sch. species

Genetika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejana Saftic-Pankovic ◽  
Jovanka Atlagic ◽  
Tomka Miljanovic ◽  
Natasa Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
In The Wild

Genus Helianthus consists of 49 species. Two species H. giganteus L. and H. maximiliani Sch., distributed and collected in North America, were investigated. In order to determine morphological variability in/between these two species, fifteen populations of each species were used. Thirty traits were measured on five plants per species, grown in the same conditions in the wild species nursery at Rimski Sancevi. According to the investigated morphological traits, three species of H. giganteus were closer to H. maximiliani populations, which possibly indicates the existence of a new intraspecies taxon in H. giganteus. In order to test this hypothesis molecular variability of the same populations-species, was also investigated. The polymorphism of genomic DNA, that was isolated from frozen leaves, was investigated by microsatellites, recently shown to be the most powerful for the analysis of molecular genetic variability in genus Helianthus. Obtained results confirm the high variability between examined populations. Dendrograms constructed by cluster analysis of examined morphological traits and molecular markers are discussed.

Neurophysiologic classification of Wilson's disease by using cluster analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Hermann ◽  
T Villmann ◽  
HJ Kühn ◽  
P Baum ◽  
G Reichel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Wilson's Disease
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