scholarly journals Effect of Cropload on Eastern European Grapevine Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1011B-1011
Author(s):  
Joseph Masabni ◽  
S. Kaan Kurtural ◽  
Dwight Wolfe ◽  
Chris Smigell
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Western Kentucky

The effect of cropload (kg yield/kg pruning weight) on yield components and fruit composition of 17 eastern European grapevine cultivars was evaluated from 2000 to 2004 in a vineyard, at the research station in western Kentucky, characterized by a long and warm season. There was a cubic relationship between number of clusters retained per vine and the cropload (R2 = 0.6374, P < 0.0001). Similar relationship was evident between yield per vine and cropload (R2 = 0.5908, P < 0.0001). Of the observed variation in cluster weight, 28% was attributed to variation among predictions, based on the value of cropload in a quadratic relationship (P < 0.0001). As cropload increased, pruning weight per meter of row decreased (R2 = 0.4513, P < 0.0001). However, there was very little effect of cropload on the percentage of total soluble solids and juice pH measured at harvest. Optimum cropload values fell in between 13–18 (kg yield/kg pruning weight) depending upon cultivar evaluated, based on optimum ranges for pruning weight per meter of row for optimum vine balance in the lower Midwest.

scholarly journals Effects of Pruning and Cluster Thinning on Yield and Fruit Composition of `Chambourcin' Grapevines

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kaan Kurtural ◽  
Imed E. Dami ◽  
Bradley H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Juice Yield ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
The Relationship

Response of yield components and fruit composition of `Chambourcin' (Vitis vinifera × V. rupestris) grapevines to three pruning levels of 15, 20, and 25 nodes retained for each pound of dormant prunings; and three cluster thinning levels of 1, 2, and 2+ clusters per shoot in 2002 and 1, 1.2, and 1.5 clusters per shoot in 2003 were measured at two vineyards in the lower midwestern United States. In both years of the study, there was very little interaction of pruning and cluster thinning. The proportion of non-count shoots increased within the canopy in response to increased pruning severity. Pruning weight means were lower in 2002 across all treatments compared to 2003. Pruning weights decreased with the increase in the number of clusters retained per vine. Pruning influenced yield only in 2003 when the proportion of count shoots decreased below 62% of the total, hence the relationship between number of shoots per vine and yield (R2 = 0.3452; P < 0.0003). In both years of the study, the increase in severity of cluster thinning resulted in yield reduction but an increase in the total soluble solids in juice. Yield compensation was achieved by an increase in cluster weight of 38%, and 25% in response to a reduction of 37%, and 23% in cluster numbers; which translated into a yield reduction of only 10% and 3%, at Vineyards 1 and 2, respectively. Balanced pruning to 15 to 20 nodes per 1 lb of prunings and cluster thinning to 1 to 1.2 clusters/shoot optimized yield (9.7 kg/vine, 13.4 t·ha-1) and fruit composition, and maintained vine size (≥0.3 kg·m-1 of row). These results provide valuable information for growers of `Chambourcin' grapevines in the lower midwestern U.S., as well as in other climates with long growing seasons.

scholarly journals Leaf-to-Fruit Ratios in Vitis vinifera L. cv. “Sauvignon Blanc”, “Carmenère”, “Cabernet Sauvignon”, and “Syrah” Growing in Maule Valley (Chile): Influence on Yield and Fruit Composition

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa ◽  
Irina Díaz-Galvéz ◽  
Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez ◽  
Yerko Moreno-Simunovic
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Berry Composition

A trial was conducted during the 2005–2006 season in order to determine the effects of different leaf-to-fruit ratios on yield components and fruit composition in four Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. The treatments consisted of selecting shoots of four lengths (>1.3 m, 1.3–0.8 m, 0.8–0.4 m, and <0.4 m) with two crop levels (1–2 clusters/shoot), which allowed defining eight ratios. Berry composition and yield components were measured. The treatments affected the accumulation of soluble solids in “Sauvignon blanc”, “Cabernet Sauvignon”, and “Syrah”, delaying it as the ratio decreased. All yield components were affected in “Sauvignon blanc”, while bunch weight and the number of berries per bunch were altered without a clear trend. None of the yield components were affected in “Cabernet Sauvignon”, while the lowest ratio presented the lowest number of berries per bunch in “Syrah”. Total polyphenol index (TPI) was affected in “Carmenère” without a clear trend. A highly significant correlation was found between shoot length and leaf area in all studied cultivars. As the ratio increased, the shoot lignification increased in “Sauvignon blanc”. However, studies must be conducted during more seasons to establish better conclusions about the effects of leaf-to-fruit ratios on yield and fruit composition.

scholarly journals Rootstock-scion interaction:5. Effect on the evolution of Cabernet Sauvignon grape ripening

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Miele ◽  
Luiz Antenor Rizzon
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Wine Composition

Abstract The rootstock effect on grapevine yield components, grape must and wine composition and wine sensory characteristics were evaluated in previous studies. This experiment carried out over five years had the objective to determine the effect of the rootstock on the evolution of variables related to sugar and acidity contents of the juice during grape ripening. The treatments consisted of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine grafted on rootstocks such as Rupestris du Lot, 101- 14 Mgt, 3309 C, 420A Mgt, 5BB K, 161-49 C, SO4, Solferino, 1103 P, 99 R, 110 R, Gravesac, Fercal, Dogridge and Isabel. The berries were sampled during the grape ripening period, on nine dates during the summer of each year. Taken to the laboratory, they were hand crushed and the juice was centrifuged to separate the solid and liquid phase, where the supernatant was then used for physicochemical analyses. The data were submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and polynomial regression analysis. The main results show that, at grape maturity, the PCA discriminated mainly the juices of CS/101-14 Mgt, CS/SO4 and CS/Gravesac, which had high density, total soluble solids, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and pH, and CS/Dogridge and CS/Fercal, which had high titratable acidity. The density, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio increased as grape ripened, but the titratable acidity decreased. However, the increase or decrease rates were lower at the end of the grape ripening cycle according to the variable, and the total soluble solids having the highest increase (116.3%) and the titratable acidity the highest decrease (68.3%).

scholarly journals Early-ripening Grapevine Cultivars for Dry-on-vine Raisins on an Open-gable Trellis

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Fidelibus ◽  
L. Peter Christensen ◽  
Donald G. Katayama ◽  
David W. Ramming
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Training System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Overall Performance

‘Diamond Muscat’, ‘DOVine’, ‘Fiesta’, and ‘Selma Pete’ grapevines (Vitis vinifera) were evaluated to determine their suitability for making dry-on-vine (DOV) raisins on an open-gable trellis. The experiment was a split-plot, with training system, head, bilateral, or quadrilateral cordons as the main plot, and grapevine cultivar (Diamond Muscat, DOVine, Fiesta, or Selma Pete) as the subplot. Yield components, fruit composition, and raisin yield and quality were evaluated annually. Vine training style did not affect fruit composition, or raisin yield or quality, but vines trained to quadrilateral cordons produced more clusters on renewal shoots than head-trained vines. ‘DOVine’, ‘Fiesta’, and ‘Selma Pete’ produced about 4.75 tons/acre of raisins, ≈10% more than ‘Diamond Muscat’. ‘Diamond Muscat’ vines produced the most clusters on renewal shoots, an undesirable trait, and the most clusters per vine. ‘Fiesta’ matured later than the other cultivars, therefore it had the lowest soluble solids, the poorest raisin grades, and the highest field moisture at harvest. ‘Selma Pete’ grapes matured as early, or earlier, than the grapes of other cultivars, they had among the highest soluble solids and raisin grades, and the raisins generally dried well. Thus, ‘Selma Pete’ grapevines had the best overall performance of the cultivars tested.

scholarly journals Crop Load Adjustment in ‘Seyval Blanc’ Winegrape: Impacts on Yield Components, Fruit Composition, Consumer Wine Preferences, and Economics of Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler G. Berkey ◽  
Anna Katharine Mansfield ◽  
Steven D. Lerch ◽  
James M. Meyers ◽  
Justine E. Vanden Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Sensory Panel ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
Second Year

Crop load management treatments were applied to ‘Seyval Blanc’ grapevines (Vitis hybrid) as a 2 × 2 factorial design: no shoot thinning (ST)/no cluster thinning (CL) (i.e., control), ST combined with CL (ST + CL), ST only, and CL only. All treatments reduced yield and crop load (yield/pruning weight) in 2009 and had a smaller impact in 2010 due to the carryover effect of previous year treatments on crop potential. Soluble solids were improved by up to 3.2% by the ST + CL treatment in 2009, but were not impacted by treatments in the second year when the range of yield was smaller and the ripening conditions more favorable. Rank sum analysis for the 2009 vintage indicated that wines produced from the CL treatment were preferred by the sensory panel compared with the control wine, but there were no differences in consumer preference for wines produced in the 2010 season. Grower preferred price in 2009 (required to compensate the grower for labor costs and lost yield) increased from $556/t in the control to $824/t in the CL treatment, an increase which could be justified by the demonstrated consumer preference for the CL wine. Grower preferred price was $1022/t in the ST + CL treatment in 2009, a price increase that was not justified by a demonstrated consumer preference for the wine. In 2010, grower preferred price ranged from $541/t for the control to $610/t for the ST + CL treatment, an unjustified increase based on the lack of demonstrated consumer preference for the wines.

The establishment phase of three systems of intensive hedgerow apple growing in the Murray Valley

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Maggs
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Establishment Phase

Data obtained during the first four years on ' pruning times, girths, yields, and fruit composition are given for a trial comparing three varieties grown under three intensive systems. The varieties were Golden Delicious, Red Jonathan, and Granny Smith on N. Spy rootstock. The training systems were Palmette, involving branch bending (330 trees an acre), Hedging by cutting the trees to a flat top at 7 feet (495 trees an acre), and Cordons, pruning hard to four rods on each tree (660 trees an acre). Training times per tree averaged Hedge, 1.1 min; Cordon, 6.2 min; Palmette, 10.3 min. Girths decreased in the order Palmette>Hedge> Cordon, and Golden Delicious> Granny Smith and Red Jonathan. For each variety the treatments cropped in the order Palmette>Hedge>Cordon and for each treatment the varieties cropped in the order Golden Delicious>Red Jonathan>Granny Smith. For Golden Delicious yields of Hedges averaged 93 per cent of Palmettes, but for Granny Smith they were only 33 per cent; this resulted in a significant variety X treatment interaction. Yields per tree in the fourth season averaged Palmette 41, Hedge 27, and Spur 4 lb, and Golden Delicious 33, Red Jonathan 20, and Granny Smith 18 lb, but Palmette and Hedge gave nearly equal yields per acre (13,000 lb). Picking dates were Golden Delicious February 10-14, Red Jonathan February 13-19, Granny Smith March 2-18. Total soluble solids in the fruit juice of these varieties reached 13 per cent by January 28, February 5 and March 28 respectively, and pH reached 3.4 by January 15, February 4, and April 8.

scholarly journals Cluster-Zone Leaf Removal and GA3 Application at Early Flowering Reduce Bunch Compactness and Yield per Vine in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Gris

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Mario Wegher ◽  
Michele Faralli ◽  
Massimo Bertamini
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Berry Quality

Compact bunches have been often associated with higher susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea and therefore reduction in berry quality in grapevine. The objective of this study was to evaluate three management methods (early leaf removal, gibberellic acid, and their combination) for reducing bunch compactness in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot gris trained in two different training systems with contrasting vigor (Guyot and pergola). Treatments were applied at BBCH 62 or BBCH 65 and yield components, total soluble solids, fruit set, and bunch compactness parameters were evaluated. Both treatments individually reduced berry number, mean bunches weight and bunches compactness as well as yield per vine when compared to control-untreated vines. However, no major differences were observed when both the treatments were applied in combination for Guyot or pergola although a higher reduction in yield was detected for Guyot and a significant increase in total soluble solids was observed in pergola. Our study suggests that intense leaf removal and gibberellic acid applied at early flowering can help reducing bunch compactness in Pinot gris and showing it in two training systems. In particular, leaf removal represents a valuable alternative to plant growth regulators (i.e., gibberellic acid) as applicable in organic viticulture.

scholarly journals Impact of training system on ‘Blanc Du Bois’ vegetative growth, yield components and fruit composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Scheiner ◽  
Juan Anciso ◽  
Fritz Westover
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Training System ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
The Impact

‘Blanc Du Bois’ (Vitis spp.) is the most widely grown Pierce’s disease tolerant white grapevine cultivar in Texas. As an interspecific hybrid, its growth habit is seimi-drooping, and 'Blanc Du Bois' is characterized as vigorous. This study evaluated the impact of training system (Mid-Wire Cordon with VSP, Mid-Wire Cane with VSP and Smart-Dyson, High-Wire Quadralateral, and Watson) on 'Blanc Du Bois' growth, yield components, and fruit composition at two locations in Texas. The first site was located in the Rio Grande Valley where the mean extreme minimum winter temperature is -1.1 to 1.7° C (USDA Cold Hardiness Zone 10a). As a result of climate and site conditions, vine size, determined by dormant pruning weight, was very large averaging from 3.71 to 5.56 kg per vine across training systems over a three-year period. At this site, the horizontally divided systems, High-Wire Quadrilateral and Watson were the highest yielding averaging 10.66 and 7.49 kg per vine, respectively, as a result of more shoots per vine, and higher fruitfulness. The Mid-Wire Cordon and Mid-Wire Cane Pruned Training Systems had lower yields in two out of three years, but fruit maturity indices soluble solids and pH reflected more advanced maturity at harvest. At the second site, located in the Central Gulf Coast of Texas (USDA Cold Hardiness Zone 8b), vines were less vigorous with pruning weights averaging 1.66 to 1.83 kg per vine across training systems over three years. Consistent differences in yield components, vine size, and fruit composition were not observed, and all the three training systems under study had acceptable growth and fruiting characteristics. The results of this research suggest that 'Blanc Du Bois’ vigor potential and growth habit makes it well-suited for horizontally divided canopy training systems, particularly on vigorous sites.

scholarly journals Winter Pruning Affects Yield Components of 'Black Satin' Eastern Thornless Blackberry

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiomi Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Lateral Branch ◽  
Axillary Buds ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Thornless Blackberry ◽  
Lateral Branches

Nine-year-old 'Black Satin' blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus) plants were dormant pruned to three floricanes with three, six, nine, or twelve 12-node lateral branches (≈108, 216, 324, or 432 axillary buds per plant) to determine the effect of lateral branch number on budbreak, fruit cluster number, fruit number per cluster, fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), and yield. Percent budbreak of primary and secondary axillary buds was reduced as the lateral branch number increased. Pruning did not affect fruit weight (6.4 g) or TSS (9.5%). Yield per lateral branch was reduced as lateral branch number increased. A plant with three floricanes, each with 12 lateral branches, produced 21 kg of fruit. The results indicate that pruning lateral branches to a manageable length may be advantageous for eastern thornless blackberry trained on a divided canopy trellis.

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