scholarly journals (215) Effects of Groundcover and Drip Irrigation on Mineral Nutrition and Productivity of Sweet Cherry

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1084C-1084
Author(s):  
Xinhua Yin ◽  
Clark Seavert ◽  
Jinhe Bai
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Available N ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
The Pacific

The effects of in-row groundcover and drip irrigation on mineral nutrition and productivity of sweet cherry are largely unknown in the Pacific Northwest. A field experiment was initialized on the Mel Omeg orchard at The Dalles, Ore., in 2005. This orchard had been managed under microsprinkler irrigation and in-row herbicide application since its establishment in 1998. Two irrigation systems (drip irrigation, microsprinkler irrigation) and four in-row ground management systems (straw mulch, white fabric cover, black fabric cover, and no cover with herbicide applications) were evaluated in a split-plot design with four replicates. Drip irrigation reduced irrigation water consumption by 74% relative to microsprinkler during the entire season from May to September. Compared with no cover, black fabric lowered water use by 8%, and straw mulch and white fabric had a 1% to 3% reduction in water use. Fruit yield was similar for drip irrigation and microsprinkler. There was a trend of yield increase with groundcovers relative to no cover. Fruit firmness, size, and sugar content did not differ regardless of irrigation or groundcover systems. Drip irrigation increased marketable fruits by 5% (absolute value) via reducing fruit surface pitting compared with microsprinkler. Differences in soil-available N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Zn, Mn, Cu, pH, and organic matter were negligible between the two irrigation systems and among the four groundcover treatments. However, drip irrigation resulted in slightly lower concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, B, and Mn in leaf than microsprinkler. Overall, our results suggest that in-row straw mulch and fabric covers and drip irrigation could be feasible management alternatives for sweet cherry production in the Pacific Northwest.

scholarly journals Transitional Effects of Double-lateral Drip Irrigation and Straw Mulch on Irrigation Water Consumption, Mineral Nutrition, Yield, and Storability of Sweet Cherry

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Yin ◽  
Lynn E. Long ◽  
Xiao-Lan Huang ◽  
Ngowari Jaja ◽  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

A field trial was conducted on a Cherryhill silt loam soil at The Dalles, OR, from 2006 to 2008. The impacts of switching from the traditional micro sprinkler irrigation (MS) to double-lateral drip irrigation (DD) and from no groundcover with herbicide control of weeds (NC) to in-row wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulching (ST) were evaluated in a split-plot design with four replicates. Irrigation water use, mineral nutrition, and productivity of ‘Lapins’ sweet cherry (Prunus avium) on ‘Mazzard’ rootstock (P. avium) and soil quality were measured on a plot basis. DD reduced irrigation water consumption by 47.6% to 58.2% compared with MS. Straw mulch lowered irrigation water use by 9.7% relative to NC. Total fruit yield and fruit quality of firmness, size, and sugar at harvest were similar for the irrigation treatments. Straw mulch increased fruit size by 0.6 mm on average relative to NC, which could result in increased grower profitability. The DD system enhanced percentage of marketable fruit by 8.6% relative to MS. Leaf phosphorus (P), boron (B), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) concentrations were reduced with DD over MS; consequently, more P, B, Zn, and Fe fertilizers might be needed under DD. Straw mulch markedly decreased the populations of flagellates and amoebae but slightly increased the population of ciliates. Straw mulch resulted in a soil microbial community with remarkably less protozoa. Overall, DD is a viable alternate irrigation system for producing sweet cherry orchards with limited water resources for irrigation. Switching from NC to ST could lower irrigation water use, reduce herbicide runoff, and protect soil from erosion.

scholarly journals Environmental and Economic Sustainability Assessment for Two Different Sprinkler and A Drip Irrigation Systems: A Case Study on Maize Cropping

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eros Borsato ◽  
Marco Martello ◽  
Francesco Marinello ◽  
Lucia Bortolini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Irrigation Practice ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water scarcity is worsened by climate change. Water savings can be reached by improving irrigation efficiency both on farm and on water supply. To do that, the choice of the best irrigation technology is not always straightforward, because farmers need to renew and implement farm infrastructures for irrigation. This study compares three irrigation systems, one drip irrigation and two sprinkler (center pivot and hose-reel) systems, on environmental, economic, and energetic performance under irrigated and non-irrigated maize cropping. The study combines impact and efficiency indicators, addressing a sustainability analysis for the irrigation practice under the three different irrigation systems. The sustainability for the irrigation systems was assessed using water-related indicators (water use efficiency, irrigation water use efficiency, and water footprint), biomass (crop growth rate, relative growth rate, harvest index, and yield response factor), and energy indicators (energy footprint, performance, and energy cost footprint) for the environmental aspect; and the economic-based indicators (water productivity and economic water footprint) for the economic aspect. Main results address the center pivot system as the best solution for irrigation practice since it demonstrated higher economic and environmental performance. Moreover, maize under the pivot system allowed a higher biomass production, economic benefits, and water use efficiency.

scholarly journals `Bing' Sweet Cherry Leaf Nutrition is Affected by Rootstock

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1169-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry Neilsen ◽  
Frank Kappel
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Leaf Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nutrition ◽  
Mn Concentrations ◽  
Leaf N ◽  
Infertile Soil

Leaf nutrient concentration of `Bing' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) was affected by rootstock over 4 years in the Pacific Northwest. Trees on GM 79, GI 148/1, GI 195/1, and GI 196/4, which had higher yields than Mazzard, also had lower leaf K and, excepting GM 79, lower leaf Mg concentration. Use of GI 195/1 and 196/4 resulted in lower leaf N than use of Mazzard. These higher-yielding rootstocks will require greater attention to these macronutrients, especially on infertile soil sites. Micronutrient nutrition was little affected by rootstocks, which tended to have the low leaf Zn concentrations typical of irrigated Pacific Northwest orchards. GM 9 and GM 61/1 rootstocks were more dwarfing than Mazzard, with GM 9 leaves having lower K, but higher P, Mg, and Mn concentrations. GM 61/1 had lower leaf concentrations of most nutrients relative to Mazzard.

scholarly journals Comparing Overhead versus Drip Irrigation for Production of Three Cultivars of Romaine Lettuce on Biodegradable Plastic Mulch

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Jenny C. Moore ◽  
Brian Leib ◽  
Zachariah R. Hansen ◽  
Annette L. Wszelaki
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Overhead Irrigation

Growers seeking alternatives to traditional polyethylene plastic mulch may use biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs). However, plasticulture systems typically also use plastic drip tape underneath the mulch, which must be removed from the field and disposed of at the end of the season, making tilling the BDM into the soil more difficult and expensive. A potential solution to this dilemma may be to use other irrigation methods, such as overhead sprinklers, that could be more easily removed from the field and reused from year to year. At Knoxville, TN, in 2019 and 2020, we grew three cultivars of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa) on BDM with two irrigation systems (overhead sprinklers above the mulch and drip irrigation tape under the mulch) to compare water use, disease, and yield in these two irrigation systems. Water use was higher in overhead vs. drip irrigation in both years; however, the difference in water use was much smaller in 2019 due to higher rainfall amounts during the time period the lettuce was growing in the field (March to May). Disease incidence and severity were very low both years for both irrigation systems. There were no differences in marketable yield (number of heads) between irrigation treatment in 2019. In 2020, marketable yield by number was greater in the drip vs. overhead irrigation treatment. Unmarketable yield in 2019 was due to heads that were too small; in 2020, unmarketability was predominantly due to tipburn in overhead irrigated ‘Jericho’. Overall, marketable lettuce yield did not differ between irrigation treatments in 2019 and was similar for ‘Parris Island Cos’ in 2020. Although quantitative weed counts were not made, observations of weed pressure between rows showed that weed pressure was higher in overhead irrigated compared with drip irrigated subplots. This highlights the need to have a between-row weed management program in place. The results of this study suggest that with attention to cultivar and weed management, overhead irrigation could be a viable alternative to drip irrigation for lettuce production on BDM, especially for early spring lettuce when rainfall is historically more plentiful.

scholarly journals Trends and controls on water-use efficiency of an old-growth coniferous forest in the Pacific Northwest

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 074029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueyang Jiang ◽  
Christopher J Still ◽  
Bharat Rastogi ◽  
Gerald F M Page ◽  
Sonia Wharton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Developing a Management Strategy for Little Cherry Disease: The Case of Washington State

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 2184-2190
Author(s):  
Suzette P. Galinato ◽  
R. Karina Gallardo ◽  
Elizabeth H. Beers ◽  
Andrea J. Bixby-Brosi
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Negative Impacts

Little cherry disease (LCD) threatens the long-term economic sustainability of the Pacific Northwest sweet cherry (Prunus avium) industry. Results from a series of partial budget analyses indicate that additional investments in monitoring, testing, spraying to control for insect vectors, and removing infected trees are lower than the reduced profit losses compared with the do-nothing scenario. Also, management can prevent or lessen the negative impacts of higher little cherry virus (Velarivirus little cherry virus 1, Ampelovirus little cherry virus 2) spread rates. Our findings illustrate the importance of prevention, correct identification, and controlling for insect vectors in preventing the dissemination of LCD, for which the only known treatment is tree removal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document