scholarly journals Genetic Basis for Productivity in Anthurium andraeanum Hort.

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 859-863
Author(s):  
Winston Elibox ◽  
Pathmanathan Umaharan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Modal Class ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
The Right

Anthurium andraeanum Hort. is an important tropical ornamental crop regarded as second only to orchids in its commercial importance. The genetic basis for productivity in anthurium was studied using parent–offspring regression analysis. Sixteen parental genotypes (4 years old) and 14 biparental progeny families (60 plants each, 4 years old) derived from the parents were used in the study. Yield expressed as number of cut flowers per plant per year (CFPY) was significant both between parental genotypes (P < 0.001) and between progeny families (P < 0.05). Mean CFPY of the parent genotypes was normally distributed and ranged from 4.8 in ‘Local Mina Red’ to 9.8 in ‘Kalapana’ with a mean of 7.5. CFPY in Year 1 was strongly correlated to that in Year 2 (Pearson’s r = 0.96; Spearman’s r = 0.93) and the broad sense heritability (H2) was high (87.6%) under controlled shadehouse conditions. CFPY in the progeny families varied from four to 14 with progeny means ranging from 5.7 in ‘Honduras/Local Mina Red’ to 7.2 in ‘Mirjam/Kalapana’. Progeny of seven and 10 crosses possessed mean CFPY greater than that of the more productive parent and the midparent values, respectively. The frequency distribution for productivity of the 840 progeny plants was skewed to the right with a modal class of six to seven. The correlation coefficient between progeny CFPY and midparent CFPY was large and significant (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). The regression of mean progeny CFPY on mean midparental CFPY was strong (y = 0.51x + 2.56; R2 = 0.81) with an estimated narrow sense heritability (h2) of 51.0%. A breeding strategy for improving per plant productivity based on the results is discussed.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

scholarly journals Variance Components and Estimates of Broad-sense Heritability of Nut and Kernel Traits in Hazelnut

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 494D-494
Author(s):  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Kernel Traits

Seventy-seven trees representing 41 hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) genotypes were to evaluate variance components and broad-sense heritability for 10 nut and kernel traits from 1994 to 1996. All effects in the models were assumed to be random. All traits had extremely high heritability. This indicated that nearly all of the phenotypic variation had a genetic basis. Knowledge of variance components may help us efficiently allocate resources. Broad-sense heritability estimates were larger than those in narrow sense, suggesting the presence of nonadditive genetic variation in the population.

Incongruent psychosis in bipolar i disorder: heritability and importance for genetic association studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 213-213
Author(s):  
M. Grigoroiu-Serbanescu ◽  
R.C. Elston
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Association Studies ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Bipolar I Disorder

IntroductionPhenotype homogeneity and heritability are important conditions for identifying the genetic basis of bipolar I disorder (BPI) in association studies. Our objective was to study the heritability of mood-incongruent psychosis (MIP) in BPI in a sample of 504 families ascertained through BPI probands (294 females; 210 males) recruited from consecutive hospital admissions.MethodThere were 402 families with a psychotic proband and 275 families with a proband with MIP. All probands were directly interviewed as well as 79.55% first-degree and 22.59% second-degree relatives. The narrow and the broad sense heritability (h2) of MIP and the effect of sex and age were estimated using S.A.G.E.v.6.01-software (2009).ResultsThere was no sex difference for the psychosis prevalence in probands but MIP was two times more frequent in females than in males. In families with MIP probands the narrow-sense h2 for MIP was 0.14 (SE = 0.02, P = 0.002) and the broad-sense h2 was 0.20 (SE = 0.014, P = 0.0000). Significant but lower heritabilities were found in families with a psychotic proband (narrow-sense h2 = 0.12; broad-sense h2 = 0.13). In the total sample the narrow-sense h2 was 0.06 (P < 0.005) and the broad-sense h2 was 0.10 (P < 0.00001). The female sex was more prone to incongruency (χ2 = 33.32, P = 0.0000).ConclusionThe heritability of MIP was significant but not high in families ascertained through BPI probands regardless of familial psychopathology. These finding is in line with GWAS-studies showing that the polygenic score fails to differentiate psychotic BPI from non-psychotic BPI. Is therefore incongruent psychosis a useful dimension for association studies?

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameter for Quantitative Characters of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Syaidatul Rosidah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Quantitative Characters

The research was conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Field and Plant Breeding Laboratory of IPB, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia from October 2012 to April 2013. Crossing population between C15 and C2 genotype were used to study genetic parameters for quantitative characters in pepper. All the characters were not controlled by maternal effect, except fruit length. Broad-sense heritability were high for plant height, stem diameter, dichotomous height, days to flower, days to harvest; and medium for fruit length and diameter. Narrow-sense heritability was high for stem diameter, dichotomous height, days for flowering; medium for plant height, days to harvest; and low for fruit length and diameter. The ratio of additive variance was high for all the characters, except for fruit length and fruit diameter.Keywords: heritability, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, additive variance, dominant variance

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Colletotrichum Species in Strawberry

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton L. Gupton ◽  
Barbara J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Selection Of

Experiments were conducted to estimate the relative importance of additive and dominance genetic variances and non-allelic interactions in the inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum spp. in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Progeny of 40 parents crossed in a Comstock and Robinson Design II Mating scheme were inoculated with three isolates of C. fragariae and one isolate of C. acutatum. Disease development on each plant was rated visually. Variance components were estimated and converted to genetic variances. Estimates of were six to 10 times higher than those for Within-family variance not accounted for by equaled 35% and 38% of the total genetic variance in females and males, respectively, indicating probable epistatic effects. The frequency distribution of disease severity ratings was bimodal in both experiments, suggesting major gene action. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were 0.37 and 0.26, and broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87 and 0.85 for females and males, respectively. Narrow-sense heritability estimates are probably sufficient to produce gains from recurrent selection. Gains from selection of clonal value should be possible because of the high broad sense heritability estimates. It appears feasible to establish a broad genetic-based population resistant to Colletotrichum spp. from which selections could be evaluated per se and/or recombined to produce improved populations.

scholarly journals Genetic variance and heritability estimation of hybridized pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) F2 progeny for begomovirus resistance in growth stage

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012103
Author(s):  
E Kesumawati ◽  
Sabaruddin ◽  
E Hayati ◽  
N Hadisah ◽  
R Hayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Tertiary Branch ◽  
Heritability Estimation

Abstract Pepper is widely cultivated as a condiment and cash crop in Indonesia. However, Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PepYLCD) caused by begomovirus is currently seriously affect the domestic pepper production. Breeding for begomovirus resistance material by crossing is currently necessary to overcome the constraint. The present study is aimed to determine the resistance of pepper (C. annuum) plants F2 progenies to begomovirus infection in the growth stage. Two local C. annuum accessions, BaPep-5 as a resistance donor for pepy-1 begomovirus resistance gene (locally called Perintis) and BaPep-4 as a susceptible parent (locally called Kencana) were crossed to generate F2 progenies. The research was conducted in Agricultural Extension Training Centre (BLPP) Saree and Horticulture Laboratory of Syiah Kuala University from February to July 2020. 500 F2 progenies were transplanted to the field along with 15 plants of each parent as control. The result suggested that plant height and crown width had the highest broad sense heritability value, whereas the dichotomous height, stem diameter, secondary branch, and tertiary branch had the lowest broad sense heritability value. Coefficient of genetic variance and coefficient of phenotypic variance from overall characteristics were relatively low which suggest the narrow sense to slightly narrow sense heritability.

Inheritance of Tomato Resistance to Colletotrichum dematium

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Ng ◽  
Anita N. Miller ◽  
T.H. Barksdale
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Epistatic Effects ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Backcross Populations

A tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) breeding line (81B416) with' resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum dematium was crossed to three susceptible genotypes. Parental, F1, F2, and backcross populations were analyzed in the cross with `US28', while parental, F1, and F2 populations were tested in crosses of 81B416 with `US141' and 81B9. Inheritance of resistance was primarily additive, but 3- and 6-factor scaling tests indicated the presence of dominance and epistatic effects. The average broad-sense heritability estimate was 0.57; narrow-sense heritability was estimated at 0.42.

Heritability of Postharvest Longevity of Antirrhinum majus

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 473b-473
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Schroeder ◽  
Dennis P. Stimart
Keyword(s):  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Generation Means ◽  
Generation Means Analysis ◽  
Chemical Preservative ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Postharvest Longevity

Breeding for postharvest longevity of cut flowers has not been done to any great extent in spite of the potential benefits from reduced chemical preservative usage and increased popularity of cuts due to longer vaselife. Some studies have reported broad-sense heritabilities for postharvest longevity of 36% to 46% and narrow-sense heritabilities of 0% to 38%. Postharvest longevity of cut flowers of Antirrhinum majus L. (snapdragon) inbreds range from 2 to 16 d with the F1 hybrids intermediate at 8.1 d when evaluated in deionized water. It would appear postharvest longevity of snapdragon cut flowers should be a selectable trait. In an effort to determine narrow-sense heritability for postharvest longevity of snapdragon cut flowers, a generation means analysis was established using single-seed descent S4 generation inbreds with postharvest longevities of 2 and 15 d. Plants were grown in greenhouses at the Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, in August and harvested in Nov. 1997 for postharvest evaluation. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with 2 environments and 3 replications. Nonsegregating generations (P1, P2, and F1) consisted of 10 plants per replication, backcrosses 30 plants per replication, and the F2 with 60 plants per replication. Data will be presented on narrow-sense heritability of postharvest longevity of snapdragon cut flowers.

scholarly journals Role of Some Genetic Parameters on Breeding Work for Resistance to Pre-Harvest

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lupu Nicolae ◽  
Vasile Moldovan ◽  
Rozalia Kadar ◽  
Ionut Racz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects

For wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), periods of prolonged rainfall and high humidity after the grain has ripened and before it can be harvested can contribute to, so called pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), which can be considered as a premature germination. PHS can be defined a complex quantitative character having two important components: sprouting score and falling number. The two these components are controlled by gene effects which are predominant of additive nature. Our research have been conducted on parental, F 1, F2, backcross generations means, from 4 cyclic crosses with common parents differing in their reaction to PHS and falling number. Broad sense heritability coefficients for PHS score showed high values in the case of majority hybrids that indicate the important role of genotype in phenotypic expression of reaction to sprouting. Concerning to falling number, broad sense heritability coefficients had smaller values. For wheat as a self pollinated crop, is preferable to be used narrow sense heritability which reflects additive genetic contribution to phenotypic expression of sprouting or falling number, because only additive gene effects can be fixed to progeny. When PHS score, or falling number have high values for narrow sense heritability (higher 50), is recommended the beginning of selection in F 2 and in these cases can be successful applied pedigree selection. Concluding, high heritabilities associated with other genetic parameters can be important tools at hand of breeders. They indicated that wheat selection for PHS tolerance or falling number would be effective in populations involving crosses of sensitive and tolerant parents.

scholarly journals Degree of inheritance and heritability of yield in parental genotypes and F1 hybrids of tobacco

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Jane Aleksoski ◽  
Ana Korubin-Aleksoska
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The mode and level of inheritance of green and dry mass yield per stalk were investigated in four parental genotypes (Burley - B 2/93, Suchum - S1, Suchum - S2 and Prilep - P-84) and in their six diallel F1 hybrids. The trial was set up in 2007, 2008 and 2009 in the field of Tobacco Institute-Prilep in a randomized block design with four replications. The aim of the investigation was to estimate the heritability as an indicator of the inheritance of the yield as one of the most important quantitative characters of tobacco, in order to give suggestions for the selection of parental genotypes and directions for the creation of new varieties. The mode of inheritance was estimated according to the test - significance of the mean value of F1 progeny compared to the parental average. Narrow-sense heritability was estimated after Allard (1960), while broad-sense heritability and genetic components were estimated after Mather and Jinks (1974). The mode of inheritance in the hybrids was different. Positive heterosis for green and dry mass yields per stalk was recorded in S1 x S2. Negative heterosis for green mass yields per stalk was recorded in S1 x P-84 and S2 x P-84, while for dry mass yield it was recorded in S1 x P-84. Inheritance of the characters during the three years of investigation was identical. The higher heritability index of both types was recorded for dry mass yield. As regards inheritance of the yield, the values of broad-sense heritability were higher than those of narrow-sense heritability.

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