Inheritance of Tomato Resistance to Colletotrichum dematium

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Ng ◽  
Anita N. Miller ◽  
T.H. Barksdale
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Epistatic Effects ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Backcross Populations

A tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) breeding line (81B416) with' resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum dematium was crossed to three susceptible genotypes. Parental, F1, F2, and backcross populations were analyzed in the cross with `US28', while parental, F1, and F2 populations were tested in crosses of 81B416 with `US141' and 81B9. Inheritance of resistance was primarily additive, but 3- and 6-factor scaling tests indicated the presence of dominance and epistatic effects. The average broad-sense heritability estimate was 0.57; narrow-sense heritability was estimated at 0.42.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Colletotrichum Species in Strawberry

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Creighton L. Gupton ◽  
Barbara J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Selection Of

Experiments were conducted to estimate the relative importance of additive and dominance genetic variances and non-allelic interactions in the inheritance of resistance to Colletotrichum spp. in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Progeny of 40 parents crossed in a Comstock and Robinson Design II Mating scheme were inoculated with three isolates of C. fragariae and one isolate of C. acutatum. Disease development on each plant was rated visually. Variance components were estimated and converted to genetic variances. Estimates of were six to 10 times higher than those for Within-family variance not accounted for by equaled 35% and 38% of the total genetic variance in females and males, respectively, indicating probable epistatic effects. The frequency distribution of disease severity ratings was bimodal in both experiments, suggesting major gene action. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were 0.37 and 0.26, and broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87 and 0.85 for females and males, respectively. Narrow-sense heritability estimates are probably sufficient to produce gains from recurrent selection. Gains from selection of clonal value should be possible because of the high broad sense heritability estimates. It appears feasible to establish a broad genetic-based population resistant to Colletotrichum spp. from which selections could be evaluated per se and/or recombined to produce improved populations.

Combining Ability of Plant Height and Yield components in Indian Mustard (Brassica junceaL.Czern & Coss.) under Salt affected Soil using Line×Tester Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAILESH CHAND GAUTAM ◽  
MP Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Line × tester analysis of twenty lines and three testers of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cultivars were used to estimate general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) effects, high parent heterosis and narrow-sense heritability estimate for plant height, yield components and seed yield. Significant variance of line x tester for the traits like pods per plant and seed yield indicating non additive genetic effects have important role for controlling these traits. Significant mean squares of parents v/s crosses which are indicating significant average heterosis were also significant for all the traits except seeds per pod. High narrow-sense heritability estimates for all the traits except seeds per pod exhibited the prime importance of additive genetic effects for these traits except seeds per pod. Most of the crosses with negative SCA effect for plant height had at least one parent with significant negative or negative GCA effect for this trait. For most of the traits except pods per plant, the efficiency of high parent heterosis effect was more than SCA effect for determining superior cross combinations.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Early Blight Disease in Tetraploid × Diploid Crosses of Potatoes

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Herriott ◽  
F.L. Haynes ◽  
P.B. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Partial Correlation Coefficient

Heritability of resistance to early blight disease in potatoes (Solarium tuberosum L.) incited by Alternaria solani (En. & Martin) Ser. was estimated in tetraploid × diploid crosses. Susceptible tetraploid cultivars and breeding lines were the female parents. Diploids that produced a high proportion of first-division restitution (FDR) gametes and possessed different levels of early blight resistance were the male parents. Tubers from seedlings that resulted from the tetraploid × diploid crosses were planted in a field and artificially inoculated with spores of Alternaria solani. Resistance was measured as the slope (r) of the regression of the logit of the percent defoliation of each plant vs. time. Higher r values indicated lower resistance. Mean r values ranged from 0.123 to 0.157 for the tetraploid parents, and from 0.054 to 0.116 for the diploid parents. Mean r values for the tetraploid × diploid crosses were intermediate, ranging from 0.077 to 0.143. Narrow-sense heritability (h2) was 0.815. The partial correlation coefficient between r and mean maturity values was – 0.2086.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis for Productivity in Anthurium andraeanum Hort.

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 859-863
Author(s):  
Winston Elibox ◽  
Pathmanathan Umaharan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Modal Class ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
The Right

Anthurium andraeanum Hort. is an important tropical ornamental crop regarded as second only to orchids in its commercial importance. The genetic basis for productivity in anthurium was studied using parent–offspring regression analysis. Sixteen parental genotypes (4 years old) and 14 biparental progeny families (60 plants each, 4 years old) derived from the parents were used in the study. Yield expressed as number of cut flowers per plant per year (CFPY) was significant both between parental genotypes (P < 0.001) and between progeny families (P < 0.05). Mean CFPY of the parent genotypes was normally distributed and ranged from 4.8 in ‘Local Mina Red’ to 9.8 in ‘Kalapana’ with a mean of 7.5. CFPY in Year 1 was strongly correlated to that in Year 2 (Pearson’s r = 0.96; Spearman’s r = 0.93) and the broad sense heritability (H2) was high (87.6%) under controlled shadehouse conditions. CFPY in the progeny families varied from four to 14 with progeny means ranging from 5.7 in ‘Honduras/Local Mina Red’ to 7.2 in ‘Mirjam/Kalapana’. Progeny of seven and 10 crosses possessed mean CFPY greater than that of the more productive parent and the midparent values, respectively. The frequency distribution for productivity of the 840 progeny plants was skewed to the right with a modal class of six to seven. The correlation coefficient between progeny CFPY and midparent CFPY was large and significant (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). The regression of mean progeny CFPY on mean midparental CFPY was strong (y = 0.51x + 2.56; R2 = 0.81) with an estimated narrow sense heritability (h2) of 51.0%. A breeding strategy for improving per plant productivity based on the results is discussed.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes in Tomato

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Kathleen G. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Colletotrichum Coccodes ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Generation Means ◽  
Generation Means Analysis ◽  
Backcross Populations

Inheritance of resistance to tomato anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum coccodes (Wallr.) S.J. Hughes was evaluated in parental, F1, F2, and backcross populations developed from crosses between adapted resistant (88B147) and susceptible (90L24) tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) breeding lines. Resistance was evaluated via measurement of lesion diameters in fruit collected from field-grown plants and puncture inoculated in a shaded greenhouse. Backcross and F2 populations exhibited continuous distributions suggesting multigenic control of anthracnose resistance. Anthracnose resistance was partially dominant to susceptibility. Using generation means analysis, gene action in these populations was best explained by an additive-dominance model with additive × additive epistatic effects. A broad-sense heritability (H) of 0.42 and narrow-sense heritability (h2) of 0.004 was estimated for resistance to C. coccodes. One gene or linkage group was estimated to control segregation for anthracnose resistance in the cross of 90L24 × 88B147.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameter for Quantitative Characters of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Syaidatul Rosidah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Quantitative Characters

The research was conducted at Leuwikopo Experimental Field and Plant Breeding Laboratory of IPB, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia from October 2012 to April 2013. Crossing population between C15 and C2 genotype were used to study genetic parameters for quantitative characters in pepper. All the characters were not controlled by maternal effect, except fruit length. Broad-sense heritability were high for plant height, stem diameter, dichotomous height, days to flower, days to harvest; and medium for fruit length and diameter. Narrow-sense heritability was high for stem diameter, dichotomous height, days for flowering; medium for plant height, days to harvest; and low for fruit length and diameter. The ratio of additive variance was high for all the characters, except for fruit length and fruit diameter.Keywords: heritability, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, additive variance, dominant variance

scholarly journals Inheritance of Normal Pod Development in Bean Golden Yellow Mosaic Resistant Common Bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricelis Acevedo Román ◽  
Albeiro Molina Castañeda ◽  
Juan Carlos Angel Sánchez ◽  
Carlos Germán Muñoz ◽  
James S. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Parental Lines

The inheritance of resistance to bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) was studied in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The original cross was made between breeding line PR9556-158, which produces deformed pods when infected with BGYMV, and PR9556-171, which has normal pod development when inoculated with the virus. Pod type was evaluated on plants from six generations (parental lines, F1, F2, F2:3, F3:4, and backcrosses of the F1 to both parents) at mid-pod fill (R8), ≈65 days after planting. The segregation patterns from the F2, F2:3, F3:4, and backcross populations were consistent with the hypothesis that a single dominant gene confers normal pod development in PR9556-171. When inoculated with BGYMV, the deformed pods of PR9556-158 produced fewer seeds per pod than PR9556-171, resulting in lower seed yield. The gene symbol Bgp-1 has been assigned for this dominant resistance gene that controls the normal pod reaction to BGYMV in common bean.

scholarly journals Sources and Inheritance of Resistance to Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora) in Eastern U.S. Blackberry Genotypes

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Stewart ◽  
John R. Clark ◽  
Patrick Fenn
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Breeding Selections ◽  
Partial Diallel

Resistance to fire blight in blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson) was studied in both seedling populations and clonally propagated plants. Seedling populations resulted from a partial diallel crossing of seven cultivars (Apache, Arapaho, Chester Thornless, Illini Hardy, Navaho, Triple Crown, and Prime-Jim™). Clonal material evaluated included eleven cultivars (Apache, Arapaho, Chester Thornless, Chickasaw, Kiowa, Illini Hardy, Navaho, Ouachita, Shawnee, Triple Crown, and Prime-Jim) and six breeding selections. Inoculations were made by injection of suspensions of Erwinia amylovora in sterile water. Significant differences in resistance were found among genotypes; `Navaho' was the most susceptible, and `Kiowa' and a breeding selection A-2095, the most resistant. Seedling inoculations showed resistance to be quantitatively inherited and mostly additive, with an overall narrow-sense heritability of h2 = 0.32.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Shortened Fruit Maturation in the Cherry Tomato Cornell 871213-1 and Its Relation to Fruit Size and Other Components of Earliness

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Kemble ◽  
Randolph G. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Tomato Line ◽  
Locule Number ◽  
Plant Basis

The heritability of shortened fruit maturation (SFM) period in Cornell 871213-1, an inbred cherry tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme (Dunal.) A. Gray] line, was estimated from a greenhouse experiment. Cornell 871213-1 was crossed with the cherry tomato line NC 21C-1. Mean fruit maturation period (FMP) (days from anthesis to the breaker stage of fruit color) was 40.8 days for NC 21C-1 and 32.0 days for Cornell 871213-1. Parental, F1, F2, and backcross generations all differed in mean FMP and yielded, estimates of broad- and narrow-sense SFM heritabilities of 72% and 40%, respectively, on a single-plant basis. A test for midparent heterosis showed significance. Genetic control of SFM was quantitative in nature and highly dominant. A field study of an F2 population developed from the cross Cornell 871213-1 × NC 84173, the latter a large-fruited tomato line (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), gave a mean FMP of 48.4 and 31.2 days for NC 84173 and Cornell 871213-1, respectively. The F1 and F2 generations had FMP of 33.1 and 34.7 days, respectively. The parents, F1, and F2 generations all differed in FMP. Parental, F1, and F2 generations yielded an estimate of broad-sense SFM heritability of 64% on a single-plant basis. F3 progenies from selected F2 s were grown in a greenhouse, and F3-F2 regression analysis gave a narrow-sense SFM heritability of 39%. Parental means differed from each other and from the F1 and F2 means for period from sowing to anthesis, fruit weight, and locule number. F1 and F2 means did not differ for any trait and were far below the midparent values, approaching Cornell 871213-1 for each trait except for the number of days from sowing to anthesis. Significant correlations existed in the F2 generation between FMP and fruit weight (0.61) and between fruit weight and locule number (0.69). Significant correlations existed between selected F2s and their F3 progeny for FMP (0.53), fruit weight (0.78), and days from sowing to anthesis (0.78). In the F3 generation, a significant correlation occurred between FMP and fruit weight (0.48). F3-F2 regression and realized heritabilities were used as two estimates of narrow-sense heritability (29% and 31%, respectively) for days from sowing to anthesis.

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