scholarly journals Screening for Resistance to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in the Watermelon Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihat Guner ◽  
Zvezdana Pesic-VanEsbroeck ◽  
Luis A. Rivera-Burgos ◽  
Todd C. Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Germplasm Screening ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
The U.S

The Florida strain of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV-FL) is one of the major viral diseases of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. Although some screening has been performed for ZYMV resistance in watermelon, the germplasm collection has not been screened extensively for resistance. The objectives of this study were to screen the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) watermelon germplasm collection for ZYMV resistance and to verify the disease rating for the most resistant and most susceptible accessions. We used a randomized complete block with four replications, 1613 PI accessions, and 41 cultivars. ‘Charleston Gray’ and ‘Crimson Sweet’ susceptible controls were used to verify that the ZYMV inoculum was virulent. After the last rating, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the presence of a virus in the plant tissue. The PI accessions with high resistance to ZYMV-FL that also exhibited resistance to other watermelon viruses were PI 595203, PI 386015, PI 386016, PI 386024, PI 386025, PI 386026, PI 244018, PI 244019, PI 485583, PI 494528, and PI 494529. The ZYMV-FL retest of the most resistant 46 PI accessions showed that there were some escapes. Sixteen resistant PI accessions had a rating of 3.0 or less for the average and maximum ratings: PI 595203, PI 537277, PI 560016, PI 386016, PI 386019, PI 485580, PI 494529, PI 595200, PI 494528, PI 595201, PI 386025, PI 494530, PI 386015, PI 386021, PI 386026, and PI 596662. Overall, PI 595203 had the highest resistance according to both the germplasm screening and the retest studies.

scholarly journals Response of Some Watermelon Accessions to a Puerto Rico Strain of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1509-1514
Author(s):  
Giseiry Rosa-Valentín ◽  
Linda Wessel-Beaver ◽  
Jose Carlos V. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Plant Breeder ◽  
Severity Scores

One of the most important members of the Potyviridae is Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). It affects watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as well as other cucurbits in most parts of the world. Although several genotypes have been reported as having resistance to ZYMV, differential responses to ZYMV strains are known to occur. Using a Puerto Rico strain of ZYMV (ZYMV-PR, GenBank accession number MN422959), we tested the response of 11 genotypes [PIs from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Genetic Resources Program] previously reported as having resistance to this virus. In two greenhouse trials, the first three leaves of seedlings of each genotype were mechanically inoculated with ZYMV-PR. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was done on each seedling’s fourth leaf and symptom severity was rated on the first, third, fifth, and seventh leaves. There were significant genotype × trial interactions for most variables, but some genotypes performed consistently in both trials. All seedlings of PI 537277 tested negative for ELISA (absorbance < 0.200) across both trials. PI 537277, PI 595200, PI 595201, and PI 595203 were generally among the accessions with the lowest symptom severity scores. Overall, symptom severity correlated poorly with ELISA readings. But all plants of PI 537277, and most plants of PI 595201 and PI 595203, had low ELISA readings and low severity scores. Despite having low severity scores, PI 595200 was among the genotypes with the highest ELISA readings in trial 2. For the plant breeder, the most useful genotypes are those that exhibit reduced severity as well as low ELISA. PI 537277, PI 595201, and PI 595203 met those criteria in this study. Of these three accessions, PI 595203 would be the most useful in a breeding program because it has shown resistance to the Puerto Rico, Florida, and China strains of ZYMV.

scholarly journals Identificação sorológica de espécies de vírus que infetam cucurbitáceas em áreas produtoras do Maranhão

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA C. C. L. MOURA ◽  
J. ALBERSIO A. LIMA ◽  
VANÚZIA B. OLIVEIRA ◽  
M. FÁTIMA B. GONÇALVES
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata

Os vírus representam sérios obstáculos para o sucesso da olericultura no mundo inteiro, constituindo a identificação daqueles de maior incidência numa região, papel fundamental para o estabelecimento de estratégias de controle. Visitas de campo foram realizadas a plantios de espécies de cucurbitáceas em áreas produtoras do Maranhão e amostras foliares foram coletadas de 118 plantas com sintomas ou suspeita de sintomas de vírus, sendo 46 de abóbora (Cucurbita moschata), 30 de melancia (Citrullus lanatus), 23 de maxixe (Cucumis anguria), 13 de pepino (C. sativus) e seis de melão (C. melo). Todas as amostras foram testadas contra anti-soros específicos para os principais vírus das famílias Bromoviridae, Comoviridae e Potyviridae que infetam cucurbitáceas no Nordeste, mediante "enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay" (ELISA) indireto e dupla difusão em agar. Os resultados revelaram a identificação sorológica de Papaya ringspot vírus (PRSV) em 64,4% das amostras analisadas, seguido de Watermelon mosaic virus-2 (WMV-2) em 15,2%, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) em 6,8%, Squash mosaic virus (SqMV) em 3,4% e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) em 3,4%. Este levantamento confirma a predominância do PRSV em espécies de cucurbitáceas cultivadas no estado do Maranhão.

scholarly journals Identificação sorológica de espécies de potyvirus em melancia, no estado de Roraima

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo A. Halfeld-Vieira ◽  
Najara F. Ramos ◽  
Francisco A.C. Rabelo Filho ◽  
M. Fátima B. Gonçalves ◽  
Katia L. Nechet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus

No período de maio de 2003 a março de 2004, foram coletadas amostras foliares de plantas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus) de 21 campos de cultivo de cucurbitáceas, no Estado de Roraima. As amostras exibiam diferentes sintomas de vírus e foram levadas para o Laboratório de Virologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal do Ceará para serem testadas por "enzyme linked immunosorbent assay" (Elisa)-indireto, contra anti-soros específicos para Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Papaya ringspot virus estirpe melancia (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Nos testes de Elisa, utilizou-se o conjugado universal, anti-imunoglobulina (IgG) de coelho produzida em cabra conjugada à enzima fosfatase alcalina. Todas as amostras foram testadas, também, por dupla difusão contra o anti-soro para Squash mosaic virus (SqMV). Os resultados indicaram a presença do PRSV-W em 84,2% das amostras coletadas em maio de 2003, em 7,1% das amostras coletadas em dezembro de 2003 e em 55,6% das amostras coletadas em março de 2004. A presença do ZYMV foi observada em 10,5% das amostras coletadas em maio de 2003, 21,4% das amostras coletadas em dezembro de 2003 e em 25,9% das amostras de março de 2004. O WMV foi detectado somente em oito das amostras coletadas em março de 2004 (29,6%). Os resultados desta pesquisa confirmam a ampla dispersão do PRSV-W em cultivos de cucurbitáceas no território brasileiro e a preocupante expansão do ZYMV em razão dos elevados prejuízos que o mesmo tem causado em outras partes do mundo.

scholarly journals First Report of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in Bottlegourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in India

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Verma ◽  
Y. S. Ahlawat ◽  
S. P. S. Tomer ◽  
Satya Prakash ◽  
R. P. Pant
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
First Report ◽  
Benincasa Hispida

In December 2002, bottlegourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) plants grown as a commercial crop in Pune, India (western Maharashtra) showed severe mosaic, interveinal chlorosis, and leaf deformation that resulted in fern-leaf appearance and severe fruit distortion in approximately 70% of the plants. Crude sap of collected samples was used to mechanically inoculate uninfected glasshouse-grown bottlegourd plants that reproduced symptoms observed in the field. Sap extracts from these glasshouse infected bottlegourd plants were used to mechanically inoculate selected indicator hosts. Chlorotic local lesions were produced on Chenopodium amaranticolor, and systemic symptoms were produced on Benincasa hispida, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, C. pepo, Luffa cylindrical, and Trichosanthes anguina. The virus was specifically identified with serological testing using direct antigen coating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The virus reacted strongly to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) antiserum and did not react to Papaya ring spot virus-P (PRSV-P), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) antisera. Electron microscopic examination of leaf-dip preparation from infected plants showed flexuous filamentous particles (720 to 760 nm long) that are typical of potyviruses. Natural infection of bottlegourd by ZYMV has been reported in the Hawaiian Islands (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of this potentially destructive virus in bottlegourd in India. Reference: (1) D. E. Ullman et al. Plant Dis. 75:367, 1991.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ‘AU-Performance’ Watermelon for Its Response to Virus Inoculation

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Murphy ◽  
Fenny Dane
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) ‘AU-Performance’ was developed for resistance to multiple fungal pathogens and the plant virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). A greenhouse-based evaluation was carried out to determine the response of ‘AU-Performance’ to inoculation with three important cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) viruses in the genus Potyvirus: papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), and ZYMV. The evaluation included the resistant parent (PI595203), the susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), and varieties AU-Allsweet and Charleston Gray. Each of the three viruses systemically infected ‘AU-Performance’ with 100% infection and development of characteristic systemic symptoms. The susceptible parent (‘AU-Producer’), ‘AU-Allsweet’, and ‘Charleston Gray’ responded similarly with 100% infection and systemic symptoms. In contrast, the resistant parent (PI595203) was resistant to WMV and ZYMV; however, PRSV-inoculated plants developed a systemic infection with accompanied symptoms and high levels of PRSV accumulation in noninoculated leaves. PI595203 was shown in previous studies to be resistant to PRSV. We show in this report that under greenhouse conditions and application of virus by mechanical inoculation, ‘AU-Performance’ was not resistant to infection by the three potyviruses.

scholarly journals A Polish Isolate of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus from Zucchini is Distinct from Other European Isolates

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pospieszny ◽  
B. Hasiów ◽  
N. Borodynko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Parameter Method ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Conserved Sequence

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is a member of the Potyvirus genus in the Potyviridae family, the largest group of plant viruses. Different isolates of this virus have been found in infected cucurbits throughout the world, including localities in Europe, America, Australia, and Asia. In August 2005, mosaic and yellowing of leaves, as well as yellow spots on green fruits, were observed on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo cv. giromontiina) growing in commercial fields in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Region of Poland. Flexuous virus particles (~750 nm long), typical of potyviruses, were observed in leaf-dip preparations from symptomatic zucchini plants. The virus in the sap from symptomatic plants was mechanically transmitted and systemic infections were produced on Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, C. pepo cvs. giromontiina and patissoniana, C. maxima, and Nicotiana benthamiana. Severe symptoms such as severe malformation of leaves and stunting of plants were observed on zucchini plants (cv. giromontiina) infected mechanically with the virus and grown in the greenhouse. Double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA using an anti-ZYMV polyclonal antiserum (AS-0234; DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) identified the presence of ZYMV in mechanically infected C. pepo cv. giromontiina and N. benthamiana plants. Subsequently, a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using a universal primer, Sprimer, designed from the consensus sequences that code for the conserved sequence GNNSGQP in the NIb region of Potyviridae family members and the M4 primer was performed (1). The 1740-bp PCR fragments were cloned into the pGEM-T vector (Promega, Madison, WI) and three randomly selected clones were sequenced on an ABI automatic sequencer. An 837-bp sequence representing the full length coat protein gene (GenBank Accession No. EF178505) was compared with homologous sequences from other ZYMV isolates using BioEdit and Mega 3.1 softwares. Genetic distances were calculated by Kimura's two-parameter method (2). Surprisingly, the Polish ZYMV isolate (ZYMV-Zug) was more closely related to ZYMV isolates from Asia than those from Europe. Pairwise comparisons of ZYMV-Zug with several other European ZYMV isolates (GenBank Accession Nos. DQ645729, AJ420020, AJ459956, AJ420014, AJ420019, DQ124239, and AJ420018) indicated an 81 to 82% nucleotide and 91 to 92% amino acid identity, while there was a 94% nucleotide and 99% amino acid identity with the Shanxi (GenBank Accession No. AY074808) and Shandong isolates (GenBank Accession No. AF513552) from China. References: (1) J. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:757, 2001. (2) S. Kumar et al. Brie. Bioinform. 5:150, 2004.

scholarly journals Development of Bottle Gourd Lines Resistant to Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus Using Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Asma Mohammed Saeed Al-Kubati ◽  
Baoshan Kang ◽  
Liming Liu ◽  
Aqleem Abbas ◽  
Qinsheng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Practical Strategy ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Das Elisa

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) causes serious damage to cucurbit crops worldwide and can be spread by aphids, by mechanical injury, and in seeds. With the popularization of cucurbit grafting, the use of susceptible rootstock has increased the risk of ZYMV infection in cucurbit crops. In China, the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) is a widely used rootstock in grafted watermelon production. However, few resistant bottle gourds are available commercially. This study developed bottle gourd lines resistant to ZYMV using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. A new mutated bottle gourd population (M1) was generated by treating seeds with EMS. Diverse phenotypes were observed in the seedlings, flowers, and fruit of M2 plants, some of which are of potential commercial interest, such as dwarfing and different fruit shapes. Based on the M2 phenotypes, 106 M3 lines were selected and screened for resistance to ZYMV by mechanical inoculation and agroinfiltration. Nine M3 lines were resistant to ZYMV during three tests. One inbred M4 line (177-8) was developed and showed stable resistance and no virus when tested using a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction. These resistant lines are promising materials for developing watermelon rootstock and exploring resistance genes as new ZYMV-resistant resources. EMS induction could be a practical strategy for creating resistant cucurbit crops.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Distribution of Pumpkin and Squash Viruses in Illinois

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jossey ◽  
M. Babadoost
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Dark Green

Surveys were conducted during 2004 to 2006 to identify the viruses infecting pumpkin and squash in Illinois. In 2004, 16 jack-o-lantern pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) samples and one squash (C. pepo) sample were collected from 11 counties. In 2005, 85 jack-o-lantern pumpkin, 12 processing pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), 37 squash, and six gourd (C. pepo) samples were collected from 54 counties. In 2006, 85 jack-o-lantern pumpkin, 16 processing pumpkin, 51 squash, and 18 gourd samples were collected from 47 counties. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), Squash mosaic virus (SqMV), Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and unknown potyviruses were detected in pumpkin, squash, and gourd fields during the surveys, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Overall, 86, 11, 75, and 79% of jack-o-lantern pumpkin, processing pumpkin, squash, and gourds, respectively, were tested positive for virus infection during the survey. WMV was detected in 47, 46, and 52% of the samples in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively, and was the most prevalent virus throughout the state. SqMV was detected in more counties than any other virus because it was identified in 65 and 88% of the counties surveyed in 2005 and 2006, respectively. SqMV was detected in 6, 41, and 48% of the samples in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. During the surveys, CMV was detected in 6, 4, and 3% of the samples; PRSV was detected in 6, 11, and 4% of the samples; and ZYMV was detected in 18, 4, and 4% of the samples tested in 2004, 2005, and 2006, respectively. TRSV was detected in 3% of the samples in 2005, for the first time on pumpkin in Illinois. Pathogenicity of the detected viruses was proved for CMV, PRSV, SqMV, WMV, and ZYMV on summer squash (‘Fortune’ and ‘Grey Zucchini’), jack-o-lantern pumpkin (‘Howden’), and processing pumpkin (‘Dickinson’). All of the viruses were present alone and mixed in the samples tested. Earlier in the growing seasons (July and early August), single-virus infections were detected. Mixed infections were more common from the second week of August until the end of the growing season in October. Dual infection of WMV and SqMV was the most prevalent mixed virus infection detected in Illinois. Most viruses infecting pumpkin and squash showed similar symptoms. The most common symptoms observed in the commercial fields and in the greenhouse studies were light- and dark-green mosaic, veinbanding, veinclearing, puckering, and deformation of leaves of pumpkin, squash, and gourds. Severe symptoms included fernleaf and shoestring on leaves and color breaking and deformation of fruit.

Creation of trivalent transgenic watermelon resistant to virus infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu Sheng-Niao ◽  
Huang Xue-Sen ◽  
Wong Sek-Man ◽  
Yu Jia-Lin ◽  
Zhao Fu-Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Watermelon Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
High Level ◽  
Transgenic Watermelon

AbstractA trivalent vector containing genes of Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) coat protein (CP), and replicase genes of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), was constructed for transformation of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants, mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The integrated foreign genes were identified in the regenerated progenies by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blots. The transformation efficiency was about 1.7‰. Resistance to virus infection was determined by mechanical inoculation in the greenhouse and by field trials. The transgenic watermelon lines showed different phenotypes of susceptible, resistant, immune or recovery from virus infections in the late growth stage. A relatively high level of resistance was shown by T3 plants of the line BH1-7. This result indicates the possibility of creating, by transgenic protocols, new varieties of watermelon resistant to viral infection.

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