scholarly journals Controlled Atmosphere Storage for Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.): Benefits over Regular Air Storage

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harwinder Singh Sidhu ◽  
Juan Carlos Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Daniel MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage has been observed to prolong the shelf life of fresh produce. The objective of this study was to determine whether CA storage performed better than regular air (RA) storage in maintaining fruit quality of six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars grown in the state of Georgia. Pomegranate fruit produced in Ty Ty, GA in 2010 and 2011 were stored in CA [5% CO2 + 3% O2, 5 °C, 90% to 95% relative humidity (RH)] or RA (5 °C, 90% to 95% RH) for 3 months. Pomegranate whole fruit and juice were evaluated for various physical and chemical attributes at the end of storage. Fruit differed by cultivar for rind smoothness, fruit cracking, disease incidence, and chilling injury (CI). Fruit stored in CA had a smoother and less shriveled rind, lower CI, fewer disease severity symptoms, and thus better quality than fruit stored in RA. Fruit rind color, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and anthocyanin content in fruit juice were unaffected by storage method. The results showed that pomegranate fruit quality was better sustained under CA compared with RA storage.

Maintenance of quality and bioactive compounds of cold stored pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit by organic acids treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 108201322094046
Author(s):  
Sakineh Ehteshami ◽  
Farzin Abdollahi ◽  
Asghar Ramezanian ◽  
Mahsa Rahimzadeh ◽  
Abdolmajid Mirzaalian Dastjerdi
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Pomegranate is a subtropical and chilling sensitive fruit. In this study, the effects of malic acid (50 and 100 mM) and oxalic acid (5 and 10 mM) on quality properties of pomegranate during cold storage (2 ℃) were investigated. The lowest weight loss was observed in fruit treated with 50 mM malic acid. Malic acid had positive effects on color parameters ( L*, a*, and b*) of pomegranate at low temperature. Organic acid treatments reduced chilling injury, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide and increased catalase activity. The lowest activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase was observed in 5 mM oxalic acid-treated fruit. On the other hand, fruit treated with 50 mM malic acid showed the maximum ascorbic acid and citric acid content. The most antioxidant activity was found in fruit treated with 5 mM oxalic acid and 50 mM malic acid. Also, all treatments except 10 mM oxalic acid and 100 mM malic acid resulted in higher titratable acidity than control fruit. Overall, 50 mM malic acid and 5 mM oxalic acid were the most effective for preserving the quality of pomegranate fruit at low temperature.

scholarly journals Responses of ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples to Short-term Controlled Atmosphere Storage Established During Temperature Conditioning

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1532-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Serban ◽  
Lee Kalcsits ◽  
Jennifer DeEll ◽  
James P. Mattheis
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Honeycrisp Apples ◽  
Cavity Development ◽  
Postharvest Management

‘Honeycrisp’ apples are susceptible to bitter pit, a physiological disorder that impacts peel and adjacent cortex tissue. ‘Honeycrisp’ is also susceptible to chilling injury (CI) that can be prevented by holding fruit at 10 to 20 °C after harvest for up to 7 days. This temperature conditioning period reduces CI risk but can enhance bitter pit development. Previous research demonstrated a controlled atmosphere (CA) established during conditioning can reduce ‘Honeycrisp’ bitter pit development without inducing other physiological disorders. The objective of this research was to evaluate the duration of CA needed to reduce bitter pit development. Experiments were conducted in 2014, 2016, and 2017 with fruit obtained from commercial orchards in Washington State and, in 2017 only, Ontario, Canada. Half the fruit were treated with 42 µmol·L−1 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 10 °C immediately following harvest. The untreated fruit were held at the same temperature (10 °C) in a different cold room. Following 1-MCP treatment, all fruit were conditioned at 10 °C for an additional 6 days, then fruit was cooled to 2.8 °C. During conditioning, fruit were held in air or CA (2.5 kPa O2, 0.5 kPa CO2) established 1 day after harvest, for 1 to 8 weeks, then in air. All fruit were removed from cold storage after 4 months and then held 7 days at 20 °C. Fruit from most orchards/years stored in CA developed less bitter pit compared with fruit stored continuously in air. CA during conditioning also reduced poststorage peel greasiness but CA for 2 weeks or longer enhanced cortex cavity development in some orchard lots. Treatment with 1-MCP did not reduce bitter pit but enhanced development of peel leather blotch and core browning for some orchards/years. 1-MCP–treated fruit slowed the loss of soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and reduced internal ethylene concentration. Results suggest the potential for postharvest management of bitter pit development in ‘Honeycrisp’ apples by CA established during conditioning with minimal development of other postharvest disorders.

scholarly journals Postharvest storage of three chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Yeimy Ramírez-Rodas ◽  
Lourdes Arévalo-Galarza ◽  
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Adriana Delgado-Alvarado ◽  
Lucero Ruiz-Posadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Sechium Edule ◽  
Important Variety ◽  
Different Temperatures

The consumer demand for chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) fruits has increased in recent years, virens levis being the most important variety, although other chayote varieties are gaining importance such as nigrum xalapensis and n. spinosum. However, the postharvest behavior of these varieties is different, so it is important to evaluate the factors that limit the shelf life of each variety. Therefore, in this study, fruits of each variety from the Mexican National Germplasm Bank of Sechium edule were used. The following fruit quality variables were evaluated: weight loss, humidity (%), color, chlorophyll, titratable acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, and stomatal characteristics. In addition, the storage potential of each variety was evaluated for two weeks at different temperatures, 7°, 13° (85% RH) and 24 °C (60% RH), with the application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). The variables evaluated were viviparism, disease severity, weight loss, dehydration and chilling injury (CI). The fruits of n. xalapensis and n. spinosum have a higher content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, but similar contents of TSS, acidity and total sugars than v. levis fruits. The use of 1-MCP reduced viviparism in all varieties, and the severity of blisters was higher in v. levis. The fruits of the three varieties presented severe CI when stored at 7 °C but the most susceptible to dehydration and diseases severity is n. spinosum.

scholarly journals Impacts of 1-Methylcyclopropene and Controlled Atmosphere Established during Conditioning on Development of Bitter Pit in ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Mattheis ◽  
David R. Rudell ◽  
Ines Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Honeycrisp Apples

‘Honeycrisp’ apples are susceptible to develop the physiological disorder bitter pit. This disorder typically develops during storage, but preharvest lesion can also develop. ‘Honeycrisp’ is also chilling sensitive, and fruit is typically held at 10–20 °C after harvest for up to 7 days to reduce development of chilling injury (CI) during subsequent cold storage. This temperature conditioning period followed by a lower storage temperature (2–4 °C) reduces CI risk but can exacerbate bitter pit development. Bitter pit development can be impacted in other apple cultivars by the use of controlled atmosphere (CA) storage and/or 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Studies were conducted to evaluate efficacy of CA and/or 1-MCP to manage ‘Honeycrisp’ bitter pit development. Apples from multiple lots, obtained at commercial harvest, were held at 10 °C for 7 days and then cooled to 3 °C. Half the fruit was exposed to 42 μmol·L−1 1-MCP the day of receipt while held at 10 °C. Fruit were stored in air or CA (3 kPa O2, 0.5 kPa CO2 for 2 days, then 1.5 kPa O2, 0.5 kPa CO2) established after 1 day at 10 °C or after 7 days at 10 °C plus 2 days at 3 °C. Fruit treated with 1-MCP and/or stored in CA developed less bitter pit compared with untreated fruit stored in air, and bitter pit incidence was lowest for 1-MCP-treated fruit with CA established during conditioning. Development of diffuse flesh browning (DFB) and cavities, reported to occur during ‘Honeycrisp’ CA storage, was observed in some lots. Incidence of these disorders was not enhanced by establishing CA 2 days compared with 9 days after harvest. 1-MCP and CA slowed peel color change, loss of soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA), and reduced ethylene production and respiration rate. The results indicate potential for the postharvest management of bitter pit development in ‘Honeycrisp’ apple through use of 1-MCP and/or CA storage.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Application of Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cv. Bhagwa

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Gitesh Kumar ◽  
D. D. Sharma ◽  
M. A. Kuchay ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Gopal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Punica Granatum L

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and fruit quality of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa in the experimental farm of the Horticultural Research and Training Station and Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kandaghat, Solan, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (India), during the year 2016 - 2017. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four foliar applications of potassium nitrate, KNO3 (0.5%, 1% and 1.5%); calcium chloride, CaCl2 (0.5%, 1% and 1.5%); boric acid, H3BO3 (0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%) and their combinations. The first spray was applied one month after fruit set, and the remaining three ones were applied at one month interval. Among the various treatments, significant increase in plant height, plant spread, plant volume, fruit size, fruit weight, fruit yield, total soluble solids, total sugars, reduction in fruit drop and fruit cracking were recorded with the application of KNO3 (1%) + CaCl2 (1%) + H3BO3 (0.4%).  Leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg were also significantly affected by the foliar application of KNO3 (1%) + CaCl2 (1%) + H3BO3 (0.4%). Therefore, the combined foliar application of KNO3 (1%), CaCl2 (1%) and H3BO3 (0.4%) was found the best treatment for the improvement of growth, yield and fruit quality of pomegranate.

scholarly journals Determining the physiochemical changes and time of chilling injury incidence during cold storage of pomegranate fruit

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Taghipour ◽  
Majid Rahemi ◽  
Pedram Assar
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit ◽  
Intermittent Warming

Intermittent warming (IW) is a good postharvest technique to prevent or alleviate chilling injuries during cold storage. Performing the warming treatment at the period of time before chilling injury is irreversible during storage, and it is the first prerequisite for a successful IW treatment. In order to determine the fruit physiochemical changes and time of irreversible chilling injury incidence during cold storage of pomegranate fruit (cv. Rabab-e-Neyriz), this research was conducted. Fruits were stored at 2 ? 0.5?C and 90 ? 5% relative humidity for 90 days. At 15-day intervals, 40 fruits (four replicates and 10 fruits in each replicate) were sampled and further stored at 20?C for 3 days (shelf life). Chilling injury (CI) index and weight loss (WL) in intact fruits, electrolyte leakage (EL) and K leakage (KL) in peel samples, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio and pH in fruit juice were measured. With respect to quality parameters, TSS did not change significantly under cold storage. According to TA changes, the TSS/TA ratio was decreased up to 30 days but subsequently increased and the highest ratio was detected at the end of storage, which was significantly higher than the TSS/TA ratio at the harvest time. Results related to CI index, WL, EL and KL showed that pomegranate fruits could be stored cold without significant chilling damages up to 30 days. It was suggested that performing the IW treatment during this period could be concomitant with desired effects in long-term storage of this commercial cultivar.

scholarly journals Effect of Electronic Cold-PasteurizationTM (ECPTM) on Fruit Quality and Postharvest Diseases during Blueberry Storage

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savithri Nambeesan ◽  
John Doyle ◽  
Helaina Capps ◽  
Chip Starns ◽  
Harald Scherm
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Four Levels

With the growing popularity of blueberries and the associated increase in blueberry imports and exports worldwide, delivering fruit with high quality, longer shelf-life, and meeting phytosanitary requirements has become increasingly important. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of electron beam irradiation using a new Electronic Cold-PasteurizationTM (ECPTM) technology on fruit quality, microbial safety, and postharvest disease development in two southern highbush blueberry cultivars, ‘Farthing’ and ‘Rebel’. Fruit packed in clamshells were subjected to four levels of ECPTM irradiation (0, 0.15, 0.5, and 1.0 kGy) and evaluated for fruit quality attributes, surface microbial load, and postharvest disease incidence during various storage times after treatment and cold storage. Overall, there was no effect of irradiation on visual fruit quality in either cultivar. Fruit firmness and skin toughness in ‘Farthing’ was reduced following irradiation at 1.0 kGy, but no such effect was observed in ‘Rebel’. Other fruit quality characteristics such as fruit weight, total soluble solids content, or titratable acidity were not affected. Irradiation at 1.0 kGy significantly reduced total aerobic bacteria and yeast on the fruit surface, and in the case of ‘Rebel’, also levels of total coliform bacteria. There was no significant effect of irradiation on postharvest disease incidence in these trials. Overall, data from this study suggests that an irradiation dose lower than 1.0 kGy using ECPTM can be useful for phytosanitary treatment in blueberry fruit while avoiding undesirable effects on fruit quality in a cultivar-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Influence of Edible Coatings on Biochemical Fruit Quality and Storage Life of Bell Pepper cv. “Yolo Wonder”

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abad Ullah ◽  
N. A. Abbasi ◽  
M. Shafique ◽  
A. A. Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
And Storage

The present study was carried out to investigate the influence of food grade coatings on fruit quality and storage life of bell pepper cv. “Yolo Wonder” at8±1°C with 90–95% RH for 24 days. Coating treatments were given to bell pepper fruits by dipping in aqueous solutions of gum arabic (6, 9, and 12%),Aloe veragel (4, 5, and 6%), and cinnamon oil (0.5, 0.75, and 1%). Physicochemical characteristics as well as quality of bell pepper fruits improved in all coating treatments. Results revealed that 12% gum arabic coating exhibited significantly reduced weight loss, membrane leakage, chilling injury, and decay incidence with less increase in pH, total soluble solids, and sugar percentage, whereas appealing fruit color (L⁎,a⁎, andb⁎) along with higher values of ascorbic acid (1.84 mg/100 g), titratable acidity (0.19%), and firmness (4 N) was observed in cold storage environment. Our results clearly suggested that coating of bell pepper fruits with 12% gum arabic can maintain postharvest storage quality of bell pepper fruits.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Subtropical Peach Fruit Quality: Organic Acids, Phytochemical Content, and Total Antioxidant Capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tripti Vashisth ◽  
Mercy A. Olmstead ◽  
James Olmstead ◽  
Thomas A. Colquhoun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Producing temperate-zone fruit crops in subtropical environments requires alterations in fertilizer application and rates. Nitrogen (N) is a critical mineral nutrient required in high amounts by the tree; however, it is often over- or under-applied for optimal fruit quality and can affect the phytochemical composition of fruits. The effects of different N fertilizer rates and harvest date on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and organic acids (citric and malic acid) of two subtropical peach (Prunus persica) cultivars, TropicBeauty and UFSharp, were investigated. N rate did not affect total soluble solids in ‘TropicBeauty’, although total soluble solids decreased as N rate increased in ‘UFSharp’. Titratable acidity and organic acid content was significantly higher in ‘UFSharp’ as compared with ‘TropicBeauty’, although there was no effect of N rate on titratable acidity. An overall increase in phenolic content, flavonoid content, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were observed with decreasing N rates in both subtropical peach cultivars. A stronger genotype × N treatment interaction was observed for ‘TropicBeauty’ for phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity than for ‘UFSharp’. In ‘TropicBeauty’, among the treatments with no N and highest N, an almost 100% increase in phenolic content, 200% increase in flavonoid content, 50% increase in anthocyanin content, and 80% increase in antioxidant activity was observed. A positive correlation among phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity was observed in both ‘TropicBeauty’ and ‘UFSharp’. Late harvest date decreased phenolic content in ‘TropicBeauty’, ranging from 6% to 32% among different N treatments. Late harvest increased anthocyanin content as compared with fruit that were harvested on early dates. The results suggest that subtropical peach phytochemical composition can be affected by different cultivars and tree age, and can be manipulated with cultural practices like N fertilization and harvest time to produce fruit with altered or desired nutritional composition for consumers.

scholarly journals Quality of Pink Lady Apples in Relation to Maturity at Harvest, Prestorage Treatments, and Controlled Atmosphere during Storage

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena de Castro ◽  
William V. Biasi ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Green Background ◽  
Storage Atmosphere ◽  
Pattern Index

Apple [Malus ×sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. ‘Cripps Pink’] fruit were harvested yearly, at two or three maturity stages, from the same California orchard in 2002 through 2005. Fruit firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, background color, and percent blush were correlated with the starch pattern index at harvest. Fruit from each harvest were stored at 0.5 ºC in air or in a controlled atmosphere (CA) with 1.5 or 2 KPa O2 in combination with 1, 3, and 5 KPa CO2. Subsets of fruit were treated with 1 μL·L−1 1-methylcyclopropane for 24 hours at 0 ºC or 2200 μL·L−1 diphenylamine (DPA) for 5 minutes. Ethylene production was measured for 30 days after harvest. Ethylene concentration in the storage atmosphere was also monitored during storage. Fruit quality was evaluated after storage plus 5 days of ripening at 20 ºC. Fruit in a CA with 1 or 3 KPa CO2 maintained firmness and green background color, and produced less ethylene during ripening at 20 ºC than fruit stored in a CA with 5 KPa CO2; however, quality of all CA-stored fruit was better than air-stored fruit. Flesh browning developed only in CA storage, appearing by 2 months and not increasing in incidence with further storage periods. 1-Methylcyclopropane conserved fruit quality in air as well as CA during 4 months of storage, and DPA-treated fruit were firmer after CA storage, but similar after air storage, compared with untreated fruit. Diphenylamine did not control a stem-end scald disorder, which increased with time in storage and affected more than 80% of the fruit after 6 months of air storage.

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