scholarly journals Seedling Centipedegrass Response to Mesotrione Plus Simazine Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
James D. McCurdy ◽  
Michael L. Flessner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Warm Season Grass ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides

Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) is a low-maintenance, warm-season grass common throughout the southern United States. Slow establishment and growth rate of seeded centipedegrass often allows for increased weed competition, yet weed control options are limited. Tank-mixing simazine with mesotrione has been reported to improve weed control because of synergistic modes of action. A 2-year field trial was conducted to evaluate centipedegrass response to mesotrione and simazine applications applied 2 weeks after emergence. Mesotrione (0.25 lb/acre) did not reduce centipedegrass cover at any rating when applied alone. All rates of simazine, alone and tank-mixed with mesotrione, resulted in decreased centipedegrass cover 7 days after treatment (DAT). However, simazine alone at 0.25 lb/acre did not reduce turf cover 14, 28, and 49 DAT, and simazine at 0.25 lb/acre tank-mixed with mesotrione at 0.25 lb/acre did not reduce turf cover 28 and 49 DAT. Results indicate that newly established centipedegrass is vulnerable to cover reduction because of simazine and simazine plus mesotrione tank-mixture. Mesotrione and mesotrione tank-mixed with low rates of simazine is a viable option for newly seeded centipedegrass weed control; however, turf cover may be delayed.

Evaluation of Herbicide Options for Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) Control in Rice

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Willingham ◽  
Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan ◽  
Katherine S. Carson ◽  
Todd J. Cogdill ◽  
Garry N. McCauley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Antagonistic Interactions

Alligatorweed is a perennial, invasive weed in southern United States rice production, but knowledge on effective management of this weed is limited, especially in conventional (non-imidazolinone-resistant) rice fields. Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice when applied at early POST (EPOST), late POST (LPOST), or both. Among the herbicide options evaluated, penoxsulam alone (up to 83%), penoxsulam plus triclopyr (up to 87%), or bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr (92%) provided superior alligatorweed control. Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha−1), which were comparable to plots receiving penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST (9,320 kg ha−1), penoxsulam alone EPOST (9,280 kg ha−1), and penoxsulam plus halosulfuron LPOST (9,180 kg ha−1). Considering both weed control and rice grain yields, penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOST was found to be the best option among the treatments tested. The treatments bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil, penoxsulam plus propanil, triclopyr plus propanil, and bispyribac-sodium plus propanil provided poor (≤ 65%) alligatorweed control. Results also suggest the likelihood for antagonistic interactions when tank-mix combinations tested in this study included propanil.

Seedbed Preparation Techniques and Weed Control Strategies for Strip-Planting Rhizoma Peanut into Warm-Season Grass Pastures

Crop Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1868-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Castillo ◽  
Lynn Sollenberger ◽  
Ann Blount ◽  
Jason Ferrell ◽  
Chae-In Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Warm Season Grass ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Preparation Techniques ◽  
Rhizoma Peanut

scholarly journals Impact of sowing methods and weed control practices on yield and economics of wet direct seeded rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383
Author(s):  
BS Satapathy ◽  
B Duary ◽  
Sanjoy Saha ◽  
S Munda ◽  
D Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Cyperus Difformis ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Wet direct seeding is proved as a viable alternate to conventional transplanting method of rice. Maintenance of optimum population by adopting an appropriate sowing method followed by judicious weed control practices ensures profitability of wet direct seeded rice (W-DSR). A field experiment was carried out to find out a suitable sowing technique and weed control options for enhancing productivity and economics of W-DSR. The W-DSR was infested with twelve numbers of weed species comprising of eight families under different sowing methods. The composition of sedges, broadleaved (BLW) and grassy weeds was 83.07, 11.0 and 5.93%, respectively. Irrespective of sowing methods, weeds such as, Echinochloa glabrescens and Leptochloa chinensis among grasses, Cyperus difformis and Scirpus juncoides among sedges and Lindernia anagallis among BLW were dominant. Drum seeding recorded 6.9 and 12.7% higher gross and net return, respectively than broadcasting, but it was at par with spot seeding. Highest B: C ratio of 2.07 was recorded with drum seeding, whereas spot seeding recorded lowest B: C ratio (1.99). Crop-weed competition caused 31.7% reduction in grain yield with W-DSR. Application of early post-emergent herbicide bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60+600 g/ha at 10 DAS, azimsulfuron @ 35 g/ha at 20 DAS, and bispyribac sodium @ 30 g/ha at 20 DAS recorded increase in grain yield 40.3, 40.1 and 39.8%, respectively over the weedy check. Ready mix bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60+600 g/ha at 10 DAS registered highest B: C ratio (2.16) but it did not vary significantly with bispyribac sodium @ 30 g/ha and azimsulfuron @ 35 g/ha.

Fenoxaprop for Grass Control in Dry Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosro Khodayari ◽  
Paolo Nastasi ◽  
Roy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Grass Weed ◽  
Better Than

Barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop are severe weed pests in rice in the southern United States. These weeds are controlled with standard herbicide programs of propanil alone or propanil combined with pendimethalin or thiobencarb. However, new herbicides, such as fenoxaprop, may be effective alternatives for grass weed control in rice. Fenoxaprop at 0.17 kg ai/ha applied postemergence in programs with propanil, thiobencarb, or pendimethalin controlled barnyardgrass and bearded sprangletop in rice and performed as well as or better than standard treatments of propanil with thiobencarb or pendimethalin. Rice yielded well, and grain was of high quality.

The Convective Instability Pathway to Warm Season Drought in Texas. Part II: Free-Tropospheric Modulation of Convective Inhibition

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 4474-4488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boksoon Myoung ◽  
John W. Nielsen-Gammon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Convective Instability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Potential Temperature ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Back Trajectory ◽  
Convective Inhibition ◽  
Upper Level

Abstract This study is concerned with the modulation by convective instability of summertime precipitation in Texas as a mechanism for maintaining or enhancing drought. The important role of convective inhibition (CIN), its dependence on the temperature at 700 hPa and the surface dewpoint, and the mechanism by which soil moisture modulates precipitation through CIN were described in Part I of this two-part series study. This study, Part II, examines the dynamic and physical processes controlling the temperature at 700 hPa and elucidates the large-scale influences on convective instability and precipitation integrating the principal processes found in both Parts I and II. Back-trajectory analysis indicates that a significant contributor to warming at 700 hPa is the inversion caused by warm air transport from the Rocky Mountains and the Mexican Plateau where the surface potential temperature is greater than 307.5 K, rather than by subsidence. It was found that downward motion and warm air transport are enhanced in Texas when an upper-level anticyclonic circulation develops in the southern United States. Upper-level anticyclonic circulations in the southern United States, one of the distinctive features of central U.S. droughts, strongly affect Texas summertime precipitation by modulating the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere and thus convective instability. Stationary anticyclonic anomalies increase CIN not only by enhancing warm air transport from the high terrain but also by suppressing the occurrence of traveling disturbances. The resulting reduced precipitation and dry soil significantly modulate surface conditions, which elevates CIN and decreases precipitation. The aforementioned chain reaction of upper-level anticyclone influences that is expected to play an important role in initiating and maintaining Texas summer droughts can be understood within the context of CIN.

Warm‐Season Grass Productivity and Growth Rate as Influenced by Canopy Management

1995 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Belesky ◽  
James M. Fedders
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Warm Season Grass ◽  
Canopy Management

Warm-Season Soil-Moisture Deficits in the Southern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Doublin ◽  
Andrew J. Grundstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Southern United States

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Peltamigratus christiei, a Plant-Parasitic Nematode Associated with Warm-Season Turgrasses in the Southern United States

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. Crow ◽  
N. R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Various turfgrass species are used as ground cover for residential, commercial, right-of-way, and recreational purposes in the southern United States. Plant-parasitic nematodes are common and destructive pests of both warm- and cool-season turfgrasses. The population diversity and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in numerous turfgrass ecosystems have been characterized in this study. Accepted for publication 4 April 2003. Published 13 May 2003.

scholarly journals Cover Technology Influences Warm-season Grass Establishment from Seed

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Patton ◽  
Jon M. Trappe ◽  
Michael D. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Buchloe Dactyloides ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Warm Season Grass ◽  
Paspalum Vaginatum ◽  
Eremochloa Ophiuroides ◽  
Grass Establishment ◽  
Warm Season Grasses

Covers, mulches, and erosion-control blankets are often used to establish turf. There are reports of various effects of seed cover technology on the germination and establishment of warm-season grasses. The objective of this study was to determine how diverse cover technologies influence the establishment of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides), centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides), seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum), and zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) from seed. Plots were seeded in June 2007 or July 2008 with the various turfgrass species and covered with cover technologies, including Curlex, Deluxe, and Futerra products, jute, Poly Jute, polypropylene, straw, straw blanket, Thermal blanket, and the control. Establishment was reduced in straw- and polyethylene-covered plots due to decreased photosythentically active radiation penetration or excessive temperature build-up, respectively. Overall, Deluxe and Futerra products, jute, and Poly Jute allowed for the highest establishment of these seeded warm-season grasses.

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