scholarly journals Inducing Tolerance to the Root-lesion Nematode Pratylenchus vulnus by Early Mycorrhizal Inoculation of Micropropagated Myrobalan 29 C Plum Rootstock

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pinochet ◽  
A. Camprubí ◽  
C. Calvet ◽  
C. Fernández ◽  
R. Rodríguez Kábana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prunus Cerasifera ◽  
Pratylenchus Vulnus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Lesion Nematode

The beneficial effects of early mycorrhizal inoculation with two arbuscular fungi, Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe and Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith, were evaluated on Myrobalan 29 C (Prunus cerasifera × Prunus munsoniana Wight and Edr.) plum rootstock in soil infested or noninfested with the root lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus Allen and Jensen under microplot conditions. During this two year study, mycorrhizal colonization did not affect the number of nematodes per gram of root in plants infected with P. vulnus. In contrast, P. vulnus significantly decreased the percentage of mycorrhizal root colonization. Most elements were within sufficiency levels for plum by foliar analysis, although low P and deficient Fe and Cu levels were detected in P. vulnus treatments. Early mycorrhizal inoculation with G. mosseae favored plant growth after 20 months, but in soils infested by P. vulnus, only G. intraradices increased the tolerance of Myrobalan 29 C plum rootstock to damaging nematode levels by stimulating plant nutrition and vegetative growth.

Plants colonized by AM fungi regulate further root colonization by AM fungi through altered root exudation

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pinior ◽  
Urs Wyss ◽  
Yves Piché ◽  
Horst Vierheilig
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Gigaspora Rosea ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effect of root exudates from non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants colonized by one of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Gigaspora rosea Nicolson & Schenck, Glomus intraradices Smith & Schenck, or Glomus mosseae (Nicolson & Gerdemann) Gerd. & Trappe) on hyphal growth of Gi. rosea and G. intraradices in axenic culture and on root colonization by G. mosseae in soil was investigated. Root exudates from non-mycorrhizal cucumber plants clearly stimulated hyphal growth, whereas root exudates from all mycorrhizal cucumber plants tested showed no stimulation of the hyphal growth of Gi. rosea and only a slight stimulation of the hyphal growth of G. intraradices. Moreover, root exudates from all mycorrhizal cucumber plants inhibited root colonization by G. mosseae compared with the water-treated controls. These results suggest that plants colonized by AM fungi regulate further mycorrhization via their root exudates.Key words: Glomales, Gigaspora rosea, Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, root exudates, regulation.

scholarly journals Selection Against Pratylenchus vulnus Populations Attacking Prunus Rootstocks

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1333-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Pinochet ◽  
Carolina Fernández ◽  
Cinta Calvet ◽  
Adriana Hernández-Dorrego ◽  
Antonio Felipe
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Pratylenchus Vulnus ◽  
Prunus Salicina ◽  
Resistant Sources ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Pathogenic Diversity

Twenty-nine commercial and experimental Prunus rootstocks, most with incorporated root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne javanica (Traub.) Chitwood] resistance, were evaluated against mixtures comprising nine populations of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus Allen and Jensen. Nearly all tested materials were susceptible. Five cultivars with high resistant levels were further challenged with seven P. vulnus populations individually. `Redglow' (Prunus salicina Lindl. × P. munsoniana Wight and Hedrick) was the only rootstock that showed broad resistance to all populations. The rootstocks `Torinel' (P. domestica L.), AC-595 (P. domestica × P. insititia L.), `Marianna 4001' (P. cerasifera Ehr. × P. munsoniana), and `Felinem' [P. dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb × P. persica (L.) Batsch] showed resistance to one or a few P. vulnus populations. Several supposedly resistant sources proved to be susceptible. Tests of crosses made between parents of diverse genetic background with partial resistance to P. vulnus indicate that a descendant with potential P. vulnus resistance is difficult to obtain. Pathogenic diversity among P. vulnus populations appears to be high.

scholarly journals Fungicides Added to Potting Substrate Affect Mycorrhizal Symbiosis between a Peach-Almond Rootstock and Glomus sp.

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1217-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Fontanet ◽  
V. Estaún ◽  
A. Camprubí ◽  
C. Calvet
Keyword(s):  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Am Fungus ◽  
Glomus Sp

Prior to the commercial use of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in the nursery, the effects of commonly used pesticides on symbiosis must be evaluated. Metalaxyl and propamocarb are two fungicides added to potting substrates to prevent diseases caused by phycomycetes. Both fungicides were incorporated into the potting substrate before the inoculation and planting of the peach-almond hybrid rootstock GF677 (Prunus persica L. × Prunus dulcis Mill. D.A. Webb). The AM fungus used were Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe and Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith. Glomus intraradices was not affected by either fungicide; however, metalaxyl adversely affected root colonization by G. mosseae and decreased rhizosphere activity as measured by esterase activity. Chemical names used: N-(2-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-xylyl)-DL-alaninate) (metalaxyl); propyl 3(dimethylamino)propylcarbamate (propamocarb).

Effects of Seed Priming with Gibberellic, Salicylic Acids and Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Yield and its Components

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Azarnia ◽  
A. O. Biabani ◽  
E. Gholamalipour Alamdari ◽  
H. R. Eisvand
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and seed priming with plant growth regulators on yield and yield components of lentil as factorial base on the randomized complete block design in four replications at the research farm of Gonbad Kavous University of Iran during 2013–2014. First factor included application of the mycorrhiza at three levels (control, inoculated soil using Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae) and seed priming at five levels (hydro-priming with distilled water, seed priming with GA3 100 ppm, priming with SA 100 ppm, priming with GA3 100 ppm + SA 100 ppm and non-primed seed as control was the second factor. On the basis of results, days to 50% flowering was significantly decreased with the application of mycorrhizal inoculation along whole treatments of priming except G.mosseae in combination with both hormones level. It was also observed that combined treatments of Glomus intraradical inoculation with hydro priming caused most early flowering, the number of pods in the plant, ratio of the filled pod, grain weight of lentil eventually higher yields and harvest index of lentil over other treatments. Thus mycorrhizal inoculation can help to minimize synthetic herbicides and develop biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture.

Tissue Culture and Maintenance of the Root-Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus Vulnus

Nematologica ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth N. Johnson ◽  
B.F. Lownsbery ◽  
C.S. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Pratylenchus Vulnus ◽  
Lesion Nematode

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prunus Rootstocks for Root-lesion Nematode Resistance

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Alcañiz ◽  
Jorge Pinochet ◽  
Carolina Fernández ◽  
Daniel Esmenjaud ◽  
Antonio Felipe
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Pratylenchus Vulnus ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Fourteen Prunus rootstocks were evaluated against mixtures of several isolates of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus Allen and Jensen in three greenhouse experiments. Most of the tested rootstocks are new releases or materials in advanced stages of selection that also have incorporated root-knot nematode resistance. The plums Torinel (Prunusdomestica L.) and Redglow (P. salicina Lindl. P. munsoniana Wight and Hedrick cv. Jewel) showed a moderately resistant response; their final nematode population levels were lower or slightly higher than inoculation levels. Low nematode reproduction also was found in the peach–almond hybrid G N No 22 [P. persica (L.) Batsch P. dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] and the plum Bruce (P. salicina P. angustifolia Marsh.), and although these rootstocks did not perform as well as Torinel and Redglow, they also appear to be poor hosts for P. vulnus.

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