scholarly journals Gender Anthropology of Prehistoric Populations: The Case of "Improperly" Oriented Graves at the Mokrin Necropolis

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Marko Porčić
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Town ◽  
Shed Light

This paper explores some gender anthropology issues in a prehistoric context. Specifically, the paper attempts to shed light on the question of why certain male and female persons were interred in positions contrary to the strict norm that applied to the burial of men and women at the early Bronze Age necropolis in the town of Mokrin near Kikinda. Three elements have been analyzed, namely physical activities, funerary offerings, and the layout of the necropolis. The analysis points to the conclusion that in the early Bronze Age society of Mokrin inverted gender identities were to be found.

scholarly journals Ambivalent Gender Identities in Contemporary African Literature: A Butlerian Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Léonard KOUSSOUHON ◽  
Fortuné AGBACHI
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
African Literature ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Good Will ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
The Way

<p>This paper is an attempt to examine the way male and female participants perform gender in 03 novels, <em>Everything Good Will Come</em> (2006), <em>Swallow</em> (2010) and <em>A Bit of Difference</em> (2013), by a contemporary Nigerian writer called Sefi Atta. The study draws on Gender Performative Theory as developed by the feminist Butler (1990/1999). This theory considers gender identities as being socially constructed. The study highlights the multiple ways in which male and female participants perform gender according to established social norms in the selected novels. Regarding the existing social norms in Nigeria, the findings by scholars like Fakeye, George and Owoyemi (2012), Mejiuni and Awolowo (2006), Bourey et al (2012), Gbadebo, Kehinde and Adedeji (2012), Okunola and Ojo (2012) exude that men are traditionally portrayed as career people, assertive, powerful and active, independent and violent while women are stereotypically depicted as housewives, submissive, powerless and passive, dependent and non-violent (or victims). Based on the above dichotomies between men and women, the study unveils the ideology that underpins gender performances in the novels.</p>

TRAVELLING WITH THE POTTER'S WHEEL IN THE EARLY BRONZE AGE AEGEAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 59-104
Author(s):  
Maria Choleva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Linear Diffusion ◽  
Craft Knowledge ◽  
Technological Tradition ◽  
Technological Study ◽  
Comparative Examination ◽  
Shed Light

By adopting the chaîne opératoire approach as a dynamic theoretical and methodological framework for studying ancient technologies, this paper investigates the modalities behind the appearance of the potter's wheel in the Aegean during the Early Bronze Age II (c. 2550–2200 bc). Based on the comparative examination of ceramic assemblages from different Aegean sites, an extended technological study has been carried out in order to track the earliest wheel-made pottery and reconstruct the craft behaviours perpetrated by the use of the potter's wheel across the Aegean. The paper presents the results of this multi-site study and aims to (a) trace out the wheel-based technological traditions, (b) explore the contexts of the learning and transmission of the new tool, (c) shed light on the connectivity among Aegean and western Anatolian communities that enabled the transfer of the new craft knowledge, and, finally, (d) bring into view the mechanisms behind its emergence and appropriation. By considering technologies as representing an entire social system of knowing, perceiving and acting on the material world, it will be argued that the spread of the potter's wheel in the Aegean does not reflect a moment of linear diffusion of a technological innovation, adopted thanks to certain techno-functional advantages. Instead, it discloses the resilience of social identities and values embedded through the practical engagement of individuals in the production of their material culture. The potter's wheel, in fact, emerges as a socially and culturally mediated practice, specific to small groups of potters trained within a technological tradition of Anatolian origin, performing their craft in the Aegean socio-cultural milieus. Furthermore, its transfer reveals a multidirectional and dynamic crossing of material cultures that designated a navigable world where traditions, objects and people travelled, mixed and merged in unpredictable ways.

Mycenae Revisited Part 1. The Human Remains from Grave Circle A: Stamatakis, Schliemann and Two New Faces From Shaft Grave VI

2009 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 233-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Papazoglou-Manioudaki ◽  
Argyro Nafplioti ◽  
J.H. Musgrave ◽  
R.A.H. Neave ◽  
Denise Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Entire Collection ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Building work at the National Archaeological Museum in Athens in 2003 led to the rediscovery of the two male skeletons from Shaft Grave VI at Mycenae, found by Panayiotis Stamatakis in 1877 as he completed the excavation of Grave Circle A begun by Schliemann. The find provided a triple opportunity. First came a re-assessment of Stamatakis's important and often pioneering role both at Mycenae and in the archaeology of the later Bronze Age, which has generally been overlooked both because of Schliemann's very vocal antagonism and because of his own overwork and early death. Second, a detailed study of the skulls along with the post-cranial bones allowed a reconstruction of the faces of the two men to set beside the earlier reconstructions of the faces of seven individuals from Grave Circle B. This showed that although the two men were very likely related to each other, one could not demonstrate kinship with any of the seven faces from Circle B on the basis of their facial appearance alone. Finally – to be described in subsequent articles – it opened the way for the first modern morphological and chemical analysis (using strontium isotope ratios) of the entire collection of surviving human skeletal material from Grave Circle A to determine the number of individuals represented, their biological sex and their age at death. By assessing the quality of their living conditions as reflected in their skeletal and dental health, and by exploring skeletal evidence of engagement in physical activities through activity-related modifications there was the opportunity to reconstruct the lifestyle of the men and women buried in the grave circle.Οικοδομικές δραστηριότητες στο Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο στην Αθήνα το 2003 οδήγησαν στην ανακάλυψη εκ νέου των δύο ανδρικών σκελετών από το Λακκοειδή Τάφο VI, που αττοκάλυψε ο Παναγιώτης Σταματάκης το 1877 με την ολοκλήρωση της ανασκαφής του Ταφικού Κύκλου Α, η οποία ξεκίνησε από τον Heinrich Schliemann. Αυτό το εύρημα μας έδωσε μία τριπλή ευκαιρία. Πρώτον, επαναξιολογήθηκε ο σημανηκός και συχνά πρωτοποριακός ρόλος, που διαδραμάτισε ο Σταματάκης στις Μυκήνες και την αρχαιολογία της ύστερης Εποχής του Χαλκού. Ο ρόλος του αυτός γενικά παραβλέφθηκε εξαιτίας τόσο του έντονου ανταγωνισμού εκ μέρους του Schliemann όσο κοα του υπερβολικού φόρτου εργασίας αλλά και του πρώιμου θανάτου του Σταματάκη. Δεύτερον, η λεπτομερής μελέτη των κρανίων και μετα-κρανιακών οστών επέτρεψε την αποκατάσταση των προσώπων των δύο ανδρών και τη σύγκρισή τους με τα πρόσωπα επτά ατόμων από τον Ταφικό Κύκλο Β, τα οποία είχαν νωρίτερα αποκατασταθεί. Αυτή η σύγκριση έδειξε ότι παρά την πιθανή συγγένεια των δύο ανδρών του τάφου VI, δεν μπορεί να υποστηριχθεί ανάλογη σχέση μεταξύ αυτών και των επτά προσώπων από τον Ταφικό Κύκλο Β με μόνο κρντήριο τα φυσιογνωμικά τους χαρακτηριστικά. Τέλος, όπως θα παρουσιαστεί σε επόμιενα άρθρα, η μελέτη αυτή άνοιξε το δρόμο για την πρώτη σύγχρονη μορφολογική και χημική ανάλυση (της ισοτοπικής αναλογίας του στροντίου) ολόκληρης της συλλογής ανθρωπίνων σκελετικών υπολειμμάτων από τον Ταφικό Κύκλο Α, με στόχο τον προσδιορισμό του αριθμού των αντιπροσωπευομένων ατόμων και τον καθορισμό του βιολογικού φύλου και της ηλικίας θανάτου αυτών. Αξιολογώντας την ποιότητα των συνθηκών διαβίωσης των ατόμων αυτών, όπως αυτή ανπκατροπτίζεται στη σκελετική και οδοντική τους υγεία, και εξετάζοντας σκελετικές μοφτυρίες yrn την ενασχόλησή τους με φυσικές δραστηριότητες κατέστη δυνατό να ανασυνθέσουμε τον τρόπο ζωής των ανδρών και γυναικών ττου είχαν ταφεί στον Ταφικό Κύκλο Α.

scholarly journals NEW DATA ON SOUTHERN EUBOEAN LANDSCAPES: RESULTS OF THE NORWEGIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN THE KARYSTIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Žarko Tankosić ◽  
Alexandros Laftsidis ◽  
Aikaterini Psoma ◽  
Rebecca M. Seifried ◽  
Apostolos Garyfallopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
North West ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
The Town

We present the results of a diachronic survey of the Katsaronio plain in the Karystia, southern Euboea, Greece. The project was organised under the aegis of the Norwegian Institute at Athens with a permit from the Hellenic Ministry of Culture under the official name of the Norwegian Archaeological Survey in the Karystia. Five years of fieldwork (2012–16) covered an area of 20km2 in a large agricultural plain located about 5km north-west of the town of Karystos. The survey identified 99 new findspots with a range of dates spanning from the Final Neolithic to Early Modern times. Here we present the collected prehistoric through Roman data, which represent the bulk of the acquired evidence. One of the notable features of the assemblage is the vast quantity of lithics that were recovered, numbering over 9000 and consisting mainly of obsidian. Certain periods were absent from the evidence, such as post-Early Bronze Age prehistoric and Geometric, while others were represented with varying intensity. We offer an initial interpretation of the patterns observable in the evidence in an attempt to reconstruct the past use and habitation of this part of Euboea.

scholarly journals Gender Representation And Identity Construction In Pakistani Print Advertisements Of Clothing Brands: A Socio- Semiotic Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Mehreen Umar ◽  
Sarwet Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
Age Identity ◽  
Semiotic Approach

The linguistic choices and graphical representations used in Pakistani print advertisements offer an interesting dimension in studying the ways in which gender identities are constructed. This study focuses on the nature of gender representation in Pakistan print advertisements of clothing brands and examines the general attributes given to men and women in Pakistani print advertisements. The purpose of the study is to explore the ways in which the print advertisements serve as a tool to construct, communicate and reinforce the long standing perceptions about gender identities. For this purpose a total of 102 advertisements are selected from a Pakistani weekly magazine Daily Times Sunday Magazine. Data is collected from 8 issues of this magazine published over a period of two months. All the advertisements of various clothing brands are taken to study how male and female identities are constructed and represented in the advertisements. A socio-semiotic approach to discourse analysis is used to study discourse, signs, symbols and other extra linguistic (semiotic) features used in the advertisements to construct and represent gender identities and to examine how the male and female models are portrayed in these advertisements with respect to style, posture, attitude, gaze, age, identity etc. The paper provides useful insights into the phenomena of gender representation and identity construction in the current Pakistani context.

scholarly journals Materiał kostny z czterech grobów kultury strzyżowskiej wyeksplorowanych w latach 2015-2016 na stanowisku 15 w Rogalinie w świetle badań interdyscyplinarnych

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 85-109
Author(s):  
Dorota Lorkiewicz-Muszyńska ◽  
Monica Abreu-Głowacka ◽  
Wojciech Kociemba ◽  
Mariusz Glapiński ◽  
Eliza Michalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
The Town

In 2008 a burial site was discovered in Rogalin (eastern Poland). Interdisciplinary investigations were carried out and it was concluded that the site was a unique example of Strzyżów culture, an agricultural culture found in eastern Poland and western Ukraine, dated to the Early Bronze Age (2000/1950–1600 BC ). Strzyżów culture spread over the area from the eastern part of Lublin Upland (area between the upper Wieprz river and Bug river) to the area of south-western Volhynia crossing Horyn river in present-day Ukraine. The highest density of its sites is in the territory of Horodło Plateau and near the town of Hrubieszów. Sixteen graves were discovered between 2009 and 2016. The aim of the study was to conduct analysis of skeletal remains from four burial graves – no. 13, 14, 15, and 16 excavated in 2015 and 2016. Research was based on macroscopic, stereomicroscopic analysis, X-ray and CT examinations.

The diffusion of the cuneiform writing system in northern Mesopotamia: The earliest archaeological evidence

Iraq ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Quenet
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Early Dynastic ◽  
Third Millennium Bc ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Scribal Tradition ◽  
Southern Iraq ◽  
Shed Light

The invention of writing in southern Mesopotamia at the end of the fourth millennium BC had many and long-lasting consequences. As far as the Early Bronze Age is concerned, one of the most remarkable of these consequences is that the cuneiform writing system that gradually emerged in southern Iraq during the first part of the Early Dynastic period spread to northern Syria around the mid-third millennium BC. A flourishing scribal tradition was already firmly established throughout the Syrian Jezirah and inner Syria by the advent of the Akkadian period.It is difficult to establish the reasons and mechanisms that led the elites of northern Syria to borrow the practice of writing from their counterparts in southern Iraq. The steps in this process are even more unclear. Hence the aim of this paper is to gather material evidence that may help us shed light on those questions. As an archaeologist, I will not discuss here the content of epigraphical finds, but only their context and chronological attribution according to the chronological divisions in northern and southern Mesopotamia respectively.

Engendering context. Context as gendered practice in the early Bronze Age of the Upper Thames Valley, UK

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Sofaer Derevenski
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Men And Women

This article explores the use of context in relation to the articulation and understanding of gender. Context can be regarded as gendered practice. Focusing on mortuary settings in the early Bronze Age of the Upper Thames Valley, it examines ways that people took gender into account in complex decisions involved in burial and the construction of difference. Here, men and women were conceptualized in distinct ways that were not necessarily equivalent. Difference was expressed in terms of degrees of complexity of intersections between sex and other social categories. Beaker burial contexts were active and engendered material media for social relations.

Life by the River: a Prehistoric Landscape at Grendon, Northamptonshire

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 333-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Last ◽  
Ian Baxter ◽  
Tony Brown ◽  
Nina Crummy ◽  
Natasha Dodwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Environmental Sequence ◽  
Age Features ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Shed Light

This paper describes the development of a prehistoric landscape by the river Nene at Grendon Lakes, partly revealed in the 1970s and partly during excavations in 1998 and 2001, which are reported in full. Two major phases of archaeological activity are evident, one interpreted as Neolithic–Early Bronze Age, the other as Iron Age. The gap between these is bridged by an environmental sequence reconstructed with the aid of a pollen core from an adjacent palaeochannel, which shows that human activity continued in the intervening period. The landscape is comparable in form, though not in scale, with that investigated 13 km downstream at Raunds, and helps shed light on the distinctive features of Midlands river valleys like the Nene in prehistory. In conclusion it is suggested that the different characters of the Neolithic and Iron Age features at Grendon mask some underlying similarities in the way they structured people's movements and encounters.

Archaeology in Cyprus, 1949–1950

1951 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 258-260
Author(s):  
A. H. S. Megaw
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The North ◽  
British School ◽  
Valuable Complement ◽  
The Town

The identification of more Neolithic sites, two on the North coast, six and seven miles east of Kyrenia, throws light on the distribution, and is suggestive of the origin, of the first known settlers on the island.The publication of the results of the excavations in the Vounous cemetery sponsored by the British School at Athens (E. and J. Stewart, Vounous, 1937–1938. Lund, 1950) offers a wealth of material from the first stage of the Early Bronze Age, which is a valuable complement to that excavated by P. Dikaios and Dr. C. F. A. Schaeffer in the later section of the cemetery.Several LCII tombs, accidentally discovered at Kalavassos (site Mavrovouni) were excavated by the Antiquities Department. Two of them produced white slip vases of fine quality, which with the other contents are in the Larnaca Museum.Further campaigns by both Schaeffer and Dikaios carried forward the joint-excavation of the late Bronze Age town site at Enkomi. The grid plan of the street system is beginning to take shape and a new section of the town wall has been laid bare. But both excavators in their 1950 campaigns were mainly occupied with the further investigation of the two impressive buildings, mainly of ashlar construction, previously discovered. Schaeffer recovered evidence of re-use, after a fire, evidently in the twelfth century; and of this period found two seated bronze statuettes, one of them on a throne.

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