scholarly journals Ambivalent Gender Identities in Contemporary African Literature: A Butlerian Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Léonard KOUSSOUHON ◽  
Fortuné AGBACHI
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
African Literature ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Good Will ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
The Way

<p>This paper is an attempt to examine the way male and female participants perform gender in 03 novels, <em>Everything Good Will Come</em> (2006), <em>Swallow</em> (2010) and <em>A Bit of Difference</em> (2013), by a contemporary Nigerian writer called Sefi Atta. The study draws on Gender Performative Theory as developed by the feminist Butler (1990/1999). This theory considers gender identities as being socially constructed. The study highlights the multiple ways in which male and female participants perform gender according to established social norms in the selected novels. Regarding the existing social norms in Nigeria, the findings by scholars like Fakeye, George and Owoyemi (2012), Mejiuni and Awolowo (2006), Bourey et al (2012), Gbadebo, Kehinde and Adedeji (2012), Okunola and Ojo (2012) exude that men are traditionally portrayed as career people, assertive, powerful and active, independent and violent while women are stereotypically depicted as housewives, submissive, powerless and passive, dependent and non-violent (or victims). Based on the above dichotomies between men and women, the study unveils the ideology that underpins gender performances in the novels.</p>

Cute Girls, Tough Boys

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gueydan-Turek
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Form Of Expression ◽  
The Way

This article explores the way in which masculinity and femininity are constructed in Algerian manga, an emerging, understudied sub-genre within the field of Algerian graphic art. Through the exploration of youth-oriented publications of shōjo and shōnen manga, I will demonstrate how these new local works offer a privileged form of expression for and platform to address disaffected Algerian youths. The primary focus of this investigation will be the differences (or lack thereof) between ideals of gender performances as expressed in Algerian manga and ideals of gender identity in society at large. This article will demonstrate that, while some differences manifest a desire for change on the part of both artists and readers, they certainly do not constitute radical revisions of the popular Algerian notions of masculinity and femininity. Ultimately, this study will demonstrate the limits of manga as an imported genre within an Arab-Islamic context, oscillating between the promulgation of alternative social ideals and the reinforcement of social norms.

African Masculinities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndubueze L. Mbah
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sexual Identities ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Gender System

As a system of identity, African masculinity is much more than a cluster of norms, values, and behavioral patterns expressing explicit and implicit expectations of how men should act and represent themselves to others. It also refers to more than how African male bodies, subjectivities, and experiences are constituted in specific historical, cultural, and social contexts. African masculinities, as historical subjects embodying distinctive socially constructed gender and sexual identities, have been both male and female. By occupying a masculine sociopolitical position, embodying masculine social traits, and performing cultural deeds socially construed and symbolized as masculine, African men and women have constituted masculinity. Across various African societies and times, there have been multiple and conflicting notions of masculinities, promoted by local and foreign institutions, and there have been ceaseless contestations and synergies among the various forms of hegemonic, subordinate, and subversive African masculinities. Men and women have frequently brought their own agendas to bear on the political utility of particular notions of masculinity. Through such performances of masculinity, Africans have constantly negotiated the institutional power dynamics of gender relations. So, the question is not whether Africans worked with gender binaries, because they did. As anthropologist John Wood puts it, African indigenous logic of gender becomes evident in the juxtaposition, symbolic reversals, and interrelation of opposites. Rather, one should ask, why and how did African societies generate a fluid gender system in which biological sex did not always correspond to gender, such that anatomically male and female persons could normatively occupy socially constructed masculine and feminine roles and vice versa? And how did African mutually constitutive gender and sexuality constructions shape African societies?

scholarly journals The Changes Of Norms Among The Youths Relationship In A Small Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Syukron Ma'mun ◽  
Khaerul Umam ◽  
Zamzami Zamzami
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Technology Improvement ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Quota Sampling

This research was conducted to prove the extent of changes in social norms among young people in a small town. The case study are the two cities: Indramayu and Cirebon. It aims to analyze the things that cause a change in norms of the youth association. The method is survey and observation, with quantitative data collected by questionnaire. The samples in this study were 300 respondents using quota sampling; i.e., 150 respondents drawn from high school in Indramayu, and the rests were taken from Cirebon. The analysis was done by scoring techniques. Based on the results there are changes in social norms among the youths. For about 91 percent in Indramayu male and female respondents have dated at least once. Meanwhile in Cirebon, the pattern shows only 80 percent. There is also evidence that 53 percent young men and women in Indramayu have ever been kissed, and 29 percent for case in Cirebon. One of the causes of the change in norms is the globalization involving technology improvement, especially spreading of internet. The survey revealed that the most dominant in influencing the youngster relationship such as kissing, hugging, holding hands and even sexual intercourse is porn video. Approximately at56 percent or 167 people of the 300 respondents get the motivation after watching it.    

scholarly journals Gender Representation And Identity Construction In Pakistani Print Advertisements Of Clothing Brands: A Socio- Semiotic Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Mehreen Umar ◽  
Sarwet Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
Age Identity ◽  
Semiotic Approach

The linguistic choices and graphical representations used in Pakistani print advertisements offer an interesting dimension in studying the ways in which gender identities are constructed. This study focuses on the nature of gender representation in Pakistan print advertisements of clothing brands and examines the general attributes given to men and women in Pakistani print advertisements. The purpose of the study is to explore the ways in which the print advertisements serve as a tool to construct, communicate and reinforce the long standing perceptions about gender identities. For this purpose a total of 102 advertisements are selected from a Pakistani weekly magazine Daily Times Sunday Magazine. Data is collected from 8 issues of this magazine published over a period of two months. All the advertisements of various clothing brands are taken to study how male and female identities are constructed and represented in the advertisements. A socio-semiotic approach to discourse analysis is used to study discourse, signs, symbols and other extra linguistic (semiotic) features used in the advertisements to construct and represent gender identities and to examine how the male and female models are portrayed in these advertisements with respect to style, posture, attitude, gaze, age, identity etc. The paper provides useful insights into the phenomena of gender representation and identity construction in the current Pakistani context.

scholarly journals Gender Anthropology of Prehistoric Populations: The Case of "Improperly" Oriented Graves at the Mokrin Necropolis

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Marko Porčić
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Town ◽  
Shed Light

This paper explores some gender anthropology issues in a prehistoric context. Specifically, the paper attempts to shed light on the question of why certain male and female persons were interred in positions contrary to the strict norm that applied to the burial of men and women at the early Bronze Age necropolis in the town of Mokrin near Kikinda. Three elements have been analyzed, namely physical activities, funerary offerings, and the layout of the necropolis. The analysis points to the conclusion that in the early Bronze Age society of Mokrin inverted gender identities were to be found.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN GENDER DALAM BAHASA ASING

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
STBA Yapari-Aba Bandung
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Speech Pattern ◽  
Speech Patterns ◽  
The Way

Many languages exhibit different speech patterns between men and women. That is, the way men speak and the way women speak are different, and it is referred to as. gender differences. Even in languages that do not have Systematic gender differences, there are always certain characteristics that can distinguish the speech pattern between male and female. In English and Japanese languages for example, the gender differences can be found in sentences as well as in certain terms while in German the gender differences are only found in nouns. The unique gender differences can be found in French since they can also influence the usage of adjectives

scholarly journals El estilo retórico femenino en la entrevista política. Una década de aplicación en Telva

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 271-295
Author(s):  
Raquel Quevedo-Redondo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feminine Style ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
The Way

This research aims to explore how the features of the so-called ‘feminine style rhetoric’ condition the way in which male and female politicians speak to the citizenry. We start with the premise that the traits of the feminine style are accentuated when audience includes more women. And so, consequently, this paper studies 25 interviews of politicians that have been published in Telva magazine, because is the most prolific Spanish glossy in this regard (from 2011 until 2020). The content analysis allows us to check that both men and women can apply strategies to introduce women´s issues and soft politics in the discourse (feminisation of the political agenda), in addition to the recourse to the inductive structures, appeal to the audience, use emotional power words and bet on the ethics of care.

Heritage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaikh ◽  
Stefano Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The South ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Community Heritage ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Way

The Colourful Heritage Project (CHP) is the first community heritage focused charitable initiative in Scotland aiming to preserve and to celebrate the contributions of early South Asian and Muslim migrants to Scotland. It has successfully collated a considerable number of oral stories to create an online video archive, providing first-hand accounts of the personal journeys and emotions of the arrival of the earliest generation of these migrants in Scotland and highlighting the inspiring lessons that can be learnt from them. The CHP’s aims are first to capture these stories, second to celebrate the community’s achievements, and third to inspire present and future South Asian, Muslim and Scottish generations. It is a community-led charitable project that has been actively documenting a collection of inspirational stories and personal accounts, uniquely told by the protagonists themselves, describing at first hand their stories and adventures. These range all the way from the time of partition itself to resettling in Pakistan, and then to their final accounts of arriving in Scotland. The video footage enables the public to see their facial expressions, feel their emotions and hear their voices, creating poignant memories of these great men and women, and helping to gain a better understanding of the South Asian and Muslim community’s earliest days in Scotland.

Nonbinary Gender Identities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hegarty ◽  
Y. Gavriel Ansara ◽  
Meg-John Barker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Nonbinary Gender ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Binary Options ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Binary Gender

This chapter concerns nonbinary genders; identities and roles between or beyond gender categories such as the binary options ‘women and men,’ for example. We review the emerging literature on people who do not identify with such binary gender schemes, unpack the often-implicit logic of thinking about others through the lens of gender binary schemes, and briefly describe some other less-researched, but longstanding cultural gender systems which recognize nonbinary genders. This chapter makes the case that consideration of nonbinary genders is germane to several core topics in psychology including identity, mental health, culture, social norms, language, and cognition.

Social Norms, Choice, and Work

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gendered Division Of Labor

In modern liberal democracies, the gendered division of labor is partially the result of men and women making different choices about work and family life, even if such choices stem from social norms about gender. The choices that women make relative to men’s disadvantage them in various ways: such choices lead them to earn less, enjoy less power and prestige in the labor market, be less able to participate in the political sphere on an equal basis, make them to some degree financially dependent on others, and leave them at a bargaining disadvantage and vulnerable in certain personal relationships. This chapter considers if and when the state should intervene to address women’s disadvantage and inequalities that are the result of gender specialization. It is argued that political liberals can and sometimes must intervene in the gendered division of labor when persons’ interests as free and equal citizens are frustrated.

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