scholarly journals Evaluating the Environmental Performance of 3D Printed Shelters in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-134
Author(s):  
Mohanad Akeila ◽  
Christopher Preece ◽  
King Kuok Kelvin Kuok
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Research Article ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
Better Than

Three-dimensional (3D) printed shelters are an innovative housing solution for those in need of a shelter after a disaster. The Middle East generated a huge number of refugees due to internal conflicts. The technology has been investigated earlier from a cost and time perspectives and has performed better than steel shelters in Jordan. This research article investigates environmental performance of 3D printed shelters in Jordan in terms of energy, fuel, cooling and ventilation. Syrian refugees of Jordanian camps were selected as a case study. The energy simulation of the steel shelter to that of a printed shelter showed that the latter can achieve higher ventilation rates, lower energy consumption, less electricity cost and better thermal insulation than steel shelters.

The Sparthan Three-Dimensional Printed Exo-Glove: A Preliminary Evaluation of Performance Via Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás A. Georgiou ◽  
Davide Asnaghi ◽  
Alva Liang ◽  
Alice M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Hand Exoskeleton ◽  
And Performance

This paper describes the development and testing of a low-cost three-dimensional (3D) printed wearable hand exoskeleton to assist people with limited finger mobility and grip strength. The function of the presented orthosis is to support and enable light intensity activities of daily living and improve the ability to grasp and hold objects. The Sparthan Exoskeleton prototype utilizes a cable-driven design applied to individual digits with motors. The initial prototype is presented in this paper along with a preliminary evaluation of durability and performance efficacy.

The Strategic Coordination under Quasi-SNTV: A Case Study of Hong Kong

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175
Author(s):  
JUDY CHIA YIN WEI
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Council ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Strategic Coordination ◽  
Single List ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis article aims to explore the effects of quasi-SNTV (Single Non-transferable Vote) under the Largest Remainder Proportional Representation (LRPR) in Legislative Council (LegCo) elections in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) after the British handover of 1997. Although the quasi-SNTV results from the inability of political parties to control their candidates, the Democratic Party (DP) and the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) can obtain more seats in total than they could by coordinating around one single list if they can successfully control their party label and the political camps can coordinate different parties and candidates. The quasi-SNTV in Hong Kong is notable for the strategic coordination found in its alliances, a key aspect that differentiates it from Colombia's quasi-SNTV. The DP's failure can be attributed to its internal conflicts and the lack of coordination among the pro-democracy alliances. In contrast to the democratic camp, which lacks any overriding authority to coordinate different parties and candidates, the pro-China's united front machinery facilitates coordination and helps the DAB perform better than the DP in quasi-SNTV.

scholarly journals Informed Finite Element Modelling for Wire and Arc Additively Manufactured Metallics—A Case Study on Modular Building Connections

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Madhushan Dissanayake ◽  
Thadshajini Suntharalingam ◽  
Konstantinos Daniel Tsavdaridis ◽  
Keerthan Poologanathan ◽  
Gatheeshgar Perampalam
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Element Modelling ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The use of 3D printing in modular building connections is a novel and promising technique. However, the performance of 3D printed steel modular building connections has not been investigated adequately to date. Therefore, this paper presents a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM), using the multi-purpose software Abaqus, to study the effect of different geometrical and material parameters on the ultimate behaviour of modular building connections (herein named 3DMBC) using a wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) method, as part of the UK’s 3DMBC (3D Modular Building Connections) project. The proposed model considers material and geometrical non-linearities, initial imperfections, and the contact between adjacent surfaces. The finite element results are compared with the currently available experimental results and validated to ensure developed FEM can be used to analyse the behaviour of 3DMBC with some adjustments. Case studies were investigated using the validated model to analyse the ultimate behaviour with different nominal and WAAM-produced materials under various loading arrangements. Based on the results, it is recommended to conservatively use the treated or untreated WAAM material properties obtained in θ = 90° print orientation in the finite element modelling of 3DMBCs considering the complex component arrangements and multi-directional loading in the modular connections. It is also noted that the thickness of beams and columns of fully 3D printed connections can be increased to achieve the same level of performance as traditional modular connections. For the 3DMBCs printed using untreated WAAM, the thickness increment was found to be 50% in this study.

scholarly journals Influence of temporal baseline on the vertical absolute accuracies of TSX HS interferometric DSMs: Case Study on Berlin

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-7 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
U. G. Sefercik ◽  
U. Soergel
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Absolute Accuracy ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Sar Imagery ◽  
Image Pairs ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Aperture Radar

In recent years, interferometric sytnthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is one of the most preferred techniques to generate digital surface models (DSM) which are the three dimensional (3D) digital cartographic representations of earth surface including all terrain and non-terrain formations. Interferometric DSM generation using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is not an easy process and the vertical absolute accuracy of the final product depends on various parameters. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the influence of temporal baseline between SAR image-pairs on the vertical absolute accuracy of high resolution interferometric DSMs. The application was realized covering 20 km<sup>2</sup> area in Berlin, Germany using 15 descending orbit high resolution spotlight (HS) TerraSAR-X (TSX) images. The suitable interferometric pairs were determined for DSM generation and two of them that have similar parameters except temporal baseline were selected regarding the purposes of the study. The master image was selected as same in the generation of both DSMs and the temporal baselines between this master image and slave images were 11 days (1 period) and 187 days (17 periods), respectively. TSX HS DSMs were generated with 2 m grid spacing and the vertical absolute accuracies were calculated based on the comparison with a reference DSM generated by radargrammetry. The analyses were realized for built-up and forest land classes separately. The results proved that longer temporal baseline has negative influence on the vertical absolute accuracies of TSX HS interferometric DSMs. The first DSM which has the shortest temporal baseline, possible for TSX sensing is better than the second one as approx. 1.5 m both for built-up and forest areas.

3D-printed photo-spectroelectrochemical devices forin situandin operandoX-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Achilli ◽  
Alessandro Minguzzi ◽  
Alberto Visibile ◽  
Cristina Locatelli ◽  
Alberto Vertova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electrochemical Devices ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Three-dimensional printed multi-purpose electrochemical devices for X-ray absorption spectroscopy are presented in this paper. The aim of this work is to show how three-dimensional printing can be a strategy for the creation of electrochemical cells forin situandin operandoexperiments by means of synchrotron radiation. As a case study, the description of two cells which have been employed in experiments on photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting are presented. The main advantages of these electrochemical devices are associated with their compactness and with the precision of the three-dimensional printing systems which allows details to be obtained that would otherwise be difficult. Thanks to these systems it was possible to combine synchrotron-based methods with complementary techniques in order to study the mechanism of the photoelectrocatalytic process.

scholarly journals Athens air quality and importance of biogenic emissions: a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biogenic Emissions ◽  
Models Comparison ◽  
Linear Behaviour ◽  
Secondary Aerosols ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Athens Area ◽  
Better Than

Two three dimensional Eulerian air quality models, PMCAMx and UAM-AERO are used to predict the concentrations of various pollutants in the Greater Athens Area (GAA) during the episode of June 22-26, 2003. The predicted levels of gases and aerosol pollutants are compared with measured concentrations from monitoring stations, in order to evaluate the performance of the models. Comparison of the results reveals that PMCAMx simulated the ozone diurnal pattern better than UAM-AERO, as the predicted by UAM-AERO maximum daytime concentrations were much higher than those of PMCAMx and way above the measured ones. PMCAMx also shows signs of superiority in terms of its ability to predict the NO2 and NO concentrations. Two sets of simulations, one with both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions and one without biogenic emissions were performed. Comparison of the two simulations reveals the important role that biogenic emissions play in the formation of O3, NOx and secondary aerosols. Additional simulations with PMCAMx show that the concentrations of all the pollutants depict a highly non-linear behaviour, when anthropogenic VOC emissions are reduced in the GAA.

scholarly journals Trompe l’œil: an approach to promoting art tourism (case study: Shiraz city, Iran)

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Nikoo ◽  
Neda Torabi Farsani ◽  
Mohamadreza Emadi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Trompe L'oeil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Interactive Environment ◽  
3D Printed

Purpose Trompe l’oeil as a novel art technique can not only promote art tourism but can also transform the landscape of a city into a platform for negotiation. Furthermore, trompe l’oeil aims to create a joyful, entertaining, new experience and an interactive environment for tourists in the cities. This paper highlights the introduction of trompe l’oeil as a new tourist attraction in Shiraz (Iran). Moreover, the goals of this study are to explore the role of trompe l’oeil (three-dimensional [3D] street painting) in promoting art tourism, to investigate the tendency of tourists toward experiencing art tours and trompe l’oeil and to determine the priority of trompe l’oeil themes from the domestic tourists’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this research study. Findings On the basis of the results of this study, it can be concluded that domestic tourists are eager to experience art tours and trompe l’oeil attractions and activities, except for buying and wearing 3D-printed clothes. In addition, trompe l’oeil on street floors and walls with funny, joyful and cultural-artistic and national-historical themes is more attractive for them. Originality/value No significant academic work has been undertaken in the field of art tourism to evaluate the attitude of tourists toward the trompe l’oeil attractions and activities.

Regulating 3D-Printed Guns Post-Heller: Why Two Steps Are Better Than One

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (S4) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Thaddeus Talbot ◽  
Adam Skaggs
Keyword(s):  
Second Amendment ◽  
Gun Laws ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Firearm Regulation ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Better Than

This article describes why a constitutional test that relies exclusively on history and tradition for deciding modern firearm regulations is woefully inadequate when applied to modern technologies. It explains the unique advancements in firearm technology — specifically, ghost guns — that challenge the viability of a purely historical test, even if legal scholars or judges attempt to reason by analogy. This article argues that the prevailing, two-step approach, which incorporates both history and tradition, and requires a judicial examination of the purposes and methods supporting a challenged firearm regulation, should apply nationwide. That a dissenting faction of conservative judges seeks to ignore the prevailing approach presents a potentially dangerous path for Second Amendment jurisprudence. This article draws from certain historical gun laws to illustrate the difficult legwork that analogies must do under a purely historical test. It uses the advent of ghost guns as a case study to offer guidance for judges in their rulemaking practices regarding Second Amendment cases.

Construction of plastic contact deformation maps on ceramics: a case study on aluminum nitride

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bright Field Image ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Deformation Patterns

Modern polishing, precision machining and microindentation techniques allow the processing and mechanical characterization of ceramics at nanometric scales and within entirely plastic deformation regimes. The mechanical response of most ceramics to such highly constrained contact is not predictable from macroscopic properties and the microstructural deformation patterns have proven difficult to characterize by the application of any individual technique. In this study, TEM techniques of contrast analysis and CBED are combined with stereographic analysis to construct a three-dimensional microstructure deformation map of the surface of a perfectly plastic microindentation on macroscopically brittle aluminum nitride.The bright field image in Figure 1 shows a lg Vickers microindentation contained within a single AlN grain far from any boundaries. High densities of dislocations are evident, particularly near facet edges but are not individually resolvable. The prominent bend contours also indicate the severity of plastic deformation. Figure 2 is a selected area diffraction pattern covering the entire indentation area.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

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