Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Frequency on Yield and Composition of Panicum maximum Jacq. in Dry Tropics 1

1966 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Harvest Frequency ◽  
Dry Tropics

Investigating the Optimal Day for Nitrogen Fertilization on Piatã palisadegrass and Quênia guineagrass after Defoliation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dayana Aparecida De Faria ◽  
Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu ◽  
Lívia Vieira De Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

Considering that nitrogen is the main macronutrient limiting pasture productivity, the aim of this study was to investigate the most appropriate day for nitrogen fertilization of the grasses Brachiaria brizantha BRS Piatã and Panicum maximum BRS Quênia. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the city of Rondonópolis, located in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, using a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of five nitrogen fertilization periods: 0; 2; 4; 6 and 8 days after defoliation. The dry mass of the leaf blade (DMLB), dry mass of stem + sheath (DMSS), dry mass of residue (DMRES) and root dry mass (RDM) were evaluated. The non-structural carbohydrate of the grass roots was also quantified. The later nitrogen fertilization after defoliation reduced DMLB (P< .01) and DMSS (P< .01) of the BRS Piatã palisadegrass, and DMRES of both grasses (P< .01). Higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates were observed when nitrogen fertilization was performed on grass cutting (day 0). Nitrogen fertilization of the BRS Piatã palisadegrass close the time of defoliation is recommended. For Quênia guineagrass, nitrogen can be applied between the cutting day and the eighth day after defoliation. For the root system, there is a higher content of water soluble carbohydrates in the BRS Piatã palisadegrass and greater accumulation of starch in the BRS Quênia guineagrass.

scholarly journals Agricultural answers and chemical composition of Massai grass under different nitrogen doses and urea sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Aline Barros da Silva ◽  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de Carvalho ◽  
Danilo Antonio Morenz ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alex Junio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

Under the hypothesis that modifying nitrogen sources and doses could increase nitrogen fertilization efficiency and productivity and improve forage quality, this study aimed to evaluate the morphological composition, structural characteristics and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage cultivated under different urea sources (common and coated with Policote®) and nitrogen doses (200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 year-1) during the autumn, winter and spring of 2014 and the summer and autumn of 2015. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, under a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1 with four replications. High nitrogen rates promoted higher percentages of leaf blade dry mass and lower percentages of dead material dry mass in the forage mass and provided higher tiller population density and forage accumulation rate of Massai grass during the studied seasons. The use of coated urea promoted higher levels of crude protein in the forage than did the use of common urea in all seasons. The intensification of nitrogen fertilization reduced the nitrogen use efficiency but benefitted the structural characteristics, forage accumulation and chemical composition of Massai grass forage. The use of coated urea promoted greater of nitrogen use efficiency during all seasons of the year.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization to the Sward on Guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Gatton) Silage Fermentation

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Namihira ◽  
Naoya Shinzato ◽  
Hikaru Akamine ◽  
Ichiro Nakamura ◽  
Hideaki Maekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Silage Fermentation

scholarly journals Panicum maximum cv. Aries Establishment under Weed Interference with Levels of Light Interception and Nitrogen Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KRUCHELSKI ◽  
L.S. SZYMCZAK ◽  
L. DEISS ◽  
A. MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interspecific Interaction ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the establishment of the pasture of Panicum maximum cv. Aries in an environmentally protected area under levels of interspecific interaction with the weed community. The experiment started after sowing P. maximum, and it was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications and the following factors: 3 light interception levels, 2 nitrogen rates, and 7 weekly sampling dates along pasture establishment (3x2x7). The light interception treatments, determined by photosynthetically active radiation, were given by mowing weeds over the canopy of P. maximum at 40% and 70% light interception, and no mowing (uncontrolled growth of weeds and P. maximum). Topdressing application of nitrogen in the form of urea was performed or not (0 or 200 kg N ha-1). The plant community was evaluated by number of species, dry matter accumulation, and density, and phytosociological indices were determined. The relative importance and dry matter accumulation of P. maximum were greater after nitrogen fertilization, which favored the species against weed competition. In contrast, there was lower weed density without nitrogen fertilization. Mowing weeds at 40% of light interception enabled P. maximum to accumulate more dry matter, while there was no difference between mowing weeds at 70% light interception and growing the forage crop freely with weeds. Reducing weed light interception as well as nitrogen fertilization, and consequently reducing the competitive ability of the weed, favored the establishment of P. maximum in diversified agro-ecosystems.

scholarly journals Ammonium sulfate rates affect the Structural Characteristics, Biomass and Crude Protein of BRS Tamani Grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Victor Luan Da Silva De Abreu ◽  
Henrique De Oliveira Golin ◽  
Rafael Padilha De Rezende ◽  
Patrick Bezerra Fernandes ◽  
Gustavo De Faria Theodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Livestock Systems

The mineral nutrition of forage species is essential for the maintenance of sustainable livestock systems, since it can increase animal productivity per area. Panicum maximum is considered nutritionally demanding. However, the behavior of modern cultivars under nitrogen fertilization is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of nitrogen (N) on the structural characteristics, forage biomass, and crude protein (CP) of cultivar BRS Tamani. The experimental design was randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of six N doses (0, 62.5, 125, 250, 375, and 500 N mg∙dm-3) using ammonium sulfate (AS) fertilizer, divided into three coverage applications under greenhouse conditions. Three cuts were made from all treatments, separated by an interval of 30 days. The interval between cuts was considered a split-plot effect. There was no interaction effect between the cuts and AS doses for the number of leaves tiller-1 or crude protein. However, there was an interaction effect for the leaf length, number of tillers, and biomass. The use of doses between 280 and 380 mg N∙dm-³ influenced the structural characteristics of the canopy and biomass of 'BRS Tamani' grass. The highest CP value was recorded in the first cut.

scholarly journals Morphogenic and structural characteristics and chemical composition of grass aruana, submitted to nitrogen fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Mariana Hupp Sacramento ◽  
Olga Cedro de Menezes ◽  
Tarcísio Marques Barros ◽  
Diego Novais Pinheiro ◽  
Soraya Maria Palma Luz Jaeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Appearance

This study aimed at evaluating the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana, as well as its chemical composition after submitting it to different nitrogen levels. The experiment was performed by adopting a randomized block design which included four treatments (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1 of N) and three replications, in 100 m2 plots. Twice a week, for the 63 days of regrowth, the morphogenic characteristics were determined and estimated, after which the chemical composition was assessed. The aruana grass revealed a quadratic and positive response to the nitrogen fertilization, and showed a remarkable rise in the elongation rates, leaf appearance and senescence, besides the number of live leaves per tiller and final leaf length. However, the nitrogen fertilization reduced the phyllochron and leaf life in the aruana grass, implying the direct effect of nitrogen on the flow of tissues. A quadratic and positive effect of the nitrogen fertilization was observed for the dry mass production, from 5,840.80 kg ha-1 for plants lacking the nitrogen fertilization to 8,862.55 kg ha-1 for those fertilized with 225 kg ha-1 of N. Thus, while the nitrogen fertilization positively affected both tillering and morphogenesis, the N doses used in this study were insufficient to induce any change in the chemical composition of the aruana grass.

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