scholarly journals Ammonium sulfate rates affect the Structural Characteristics, Biomass and Crude Protein of BRS Tamani Grass

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Victor Luan Da Silva De Abreu ◽  
Henrique De Oliveira Golin ◽  
Rafael Padilha De Rezende ◽  
Patrick Bezerra Fernandes ◽  
Gustavo De Faria Theodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Livestock Systems

The mineral nutrition of forage species is essential for the maintenance of sustainable livestock systems, since it can increase animal productivity per area. Panicum maximum is considered nutritionally demanding. However, the behavior of modern cultivars under nitrogen fertilization is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of nitrogen (N) on the structural characteristics, forage biomass, and crude protein (CP) of cultivar BRS Tamani. The experimental design was randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of six N doses (0, 62.5, 125, 250, 375, and 500 N mg∙dm-3) using ammonium sulfate (AS) fertilizer, divided into three coverage applications under greenhouse conditions. Three cuts were made from all treatments, separated by an interval of 30 days. The interval between cuts was considered a split-plot effect. There was no interaction effect between the cuts and AS doses for the number of leaves tiller-1 or crude protein. However, there was an interaction effect for the leaf length, number of tillers, and biomass. The use of doses between 280 and 380 mg N∙dm-³ influenced the structural characteristics of the canopy and biomass of 'BRS Tamani' grass. The highest CP value was recorded in the first cut.

scholarly journals Morphogenic and structural characteristics and chemical composition of grass aruana, submitted to nitrogen fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Mariana Hupp Sacramento ◽  
Olga Cedro de Menezes ◽  
Tarcísio Marques Barros ◽  
Diego Novais Pinheiro ◽  
Soraya Maria Palma Luz Jaeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Appearance

This study aimed at evaluating the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana, as well as its chemical composition after submitting it to different nitrogen levels. The experiment was performed by adopting a randomized block design which included four treatments (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1 of N) and three replications, in 100 m2 plots. Twice a week, for the 63 days of regrowth, the morphogenic characteristics were determined and estimated, after which the chemical composition was assessed. The aruana grass revealed a quadratic and positive response to the nitrogen fertilization, and showed a remarkable rise in the elongation rates, leaf appearance and senescence, besides the number of live leaves per tiller and final leaf length. However, the nitrogen fertilization reduced the phyllochron and leaf life in the aruana grass, implying the direct effect of nitrogen on the flow of tissues. A quadratic and positive effect of the nitrogen fertilization was observed for the dry mass production, from 5,840.80 kg ha-1 for plants lacking the nitrogen fertilization to 8,862.55 kg ha-1 for those fertilized with 225 kg ha-1 of N. Thus, while the nitrogen fertilization positively affected both tillering and morphogenesis, the N doses used in this study were insufficient to induce any change in the chemical composition of the aruana grass.

scholarly journals Response of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã pastures to nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e89932498
Author(s):  
Newton de Lucena Costa ◽  
João Avelar Magalhães ◽  
Amaury Bularmaqui Bendahan ◽  
Antônio Neri Azevedo Rodrigues ◽  
Braz Henrique Nunes Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition Index

With the objective to evaluate the effects of nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg of N ha-1) on green dry matter (GDM) yield and morphogenetic and structural characteristics and nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, was installed an experiment under field conditions in Roraima´s savannas. Nitrogen fertilization increased significantly (P<0.05) GDM yields, number of tillers, number of leaves tiller-1, average leaf size, leaf area index, leaf senescence rate, leaf appearance and elongation rates. Maximum GDM yields, leaf elongation rates, leaf length and number of leaves tiller-1 were obtain with the application of 145.9; 118.2; 108.9 and 133.6 kg of N ha-1, respectively. Nitrogen nutrition index alone with 120 or 160 kg N application was higher than the grass N internal critical level. The NNI, efficiency of utilization and apparent N recovery were inversely proportional to the increased N levels.

scholarly journals Analysis of the potentiality haying of native forage species in semiarid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3319
Author(s):  
Enoque De Sousa Leão ◽  
Jacira Neves da Costa Torreão ◽  
Marcos Jácome de Araújo ◽  
Leilson Rocha Bezerra ◽  
Carlo Aldrovandi Torreão Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential hay production from Spiny Amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus), Hairy Woodrose (Merremia aegyptia), Malva (Sida galheirensis), Mucuna (Mucuna pruriens) and Ervanço (Froelichia humboldtiana), native forage species of the semiarid region of Brazil by observing morphological components of the plant, such as the dehydration curve, crude protein loss (CPL) curve, chemical composition of plant and hay and hay degradability in situ. There were differences (P < 0.05) among species on leaf, stem and inflorescence quantification with Ervanço, Hairy Woodrose, and Mucuna having a greater number of leaves. There was a linearly increasing response for the dehydration curve of the five forage plants species. Mucuna forage had the greatest hay point at 800 g kg-1 dried matter (DM) after 11.8 hours and Woodrose had a lower dehydration efficiency, which required 25 hours of sun exposure. There was no difference in CPL. Mucuna had the lowest crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, 8.4, 67.7 and 73.8 g kg DM-1 in hay in relation to the plant, respectively. Ervanço, Spiny Amaranth, Hairy Woodrose and Malva hay had more of soluble fraction “a” of DM of 31.0, 26.2, 22.1 and 9.7 g kg-1 DM than Mucuna, respectively. Spiny Amaranth and Malva hay had values of 335.4 and 193.2 g kg-1 DM of fraction “b” more than Ervanço hay, respectively. For fraction “a’’ of CP, Spiny Amaranth and Hairy Woodrose hay obtained 312.6 and 227.4 g kg-1 CP more than that observed for Malva, respectively. Mucuna had better hay potential among the forage studied in the semiarid region of Brazil.

scholarly journals Agricultural answers and chemical composition of Massai grass under different nitrogen doses and urea sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Aline Barros da Silva ◽  
Carlos Augusto Brandão de Carvalho ◽  
Danilo Antonio Morenz ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alex Junio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

Under the hypothesis that modifying nitrogen sources and doses could increase nitrogen fertilization efficiency and productivity and improve forage quality, this study aimed to evaluate the morphological composition, structural characteristics and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage cultivated under different urea sources (common and coated with Policote®) and nitrogen doses (200, 400 and 600 kg ha-1 year-1) during the autumn, winter and spring of 2014 and the summer and autumn of 2015. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, under a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1 with four replications. High nitrogen rates promoted higher percentages of leaf blade dry mass and lower percentages of dead material dry mass in the forage mass and provided higher tiller population density and forage accumulation rate of Massai grass during the studied seasons. The use of coated urea promoted higher levels of crude protein in the forage than did the use of common urea in all seasons. The intensification of nitrogen fertilization reduced the nitrogen use efficiency but benefitted the structural characteristics, forage accumulation and chemical composition of Massai grass forage. The use of coated urea promoted greater of nitrogen use efficiency during all seasons of the year.

scholarly journals Morphogenesis of Cynodon cultivars fertilized with nitrogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Barreto De Morais Neto ◽  
Maria Socorro De Souza Carneiro ◽  
Marcos Neves Lopes ◽  
Magno José Duarte Cândido ◽  
Elzânia Sales Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Senescence Rate ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

To evaluate the biomass flow of two cultivars of Cynodon (Tifton 85 grass and vaquero grass) fertilized with increasing levels of nitrogen (N) (control – without nitrogen; 200; 400 and 600 mg dm-3) under greenhouse conditions, this study was carried out, in a completely randomized design, with factorial arrangement. Forages were examined during three regrowth cycles, with results presented as mean values of the cycles. In the analysis of the effect of nitrogen fertilization, the Tifton 85 grass showed an increasing response to nitrogen levels for the leaf elongation rate (LER). The vaquero grass had a quadractic response for the LER with increasing levels of N. As for the stem elongation rate, there was an increasing linear response in both grasses according to increasing levels of N. The leaf senescence rate (LSR) of the Tifton 85 grass has been enhanced by nitrogen fertilization. The vaquero grass revealed a quadractic response for this variable LSR with nitrogen fertilization, with a minimum value of 0.96 cm tiller-1 day-1 with nitrogen level of 42.5 mg dm-3. The phyllochron and the total number of leaves of both grasses have been influenced by nitrogen fertilization, with downward and upward linear responses, respectively, with increasing levels of nitrogen. For the final mean leaf length (MLL) of both forages, we verified an increasing response with increasing levels of nitrogen. Tifton 85 grass and vaquero grass presented similar LER in the absence of nitrogen, but higher values were observed for the fertilized Tifton 85 grass. The fertilization using nitrogen leads to positive responses of the biomass flow of Tifton 85 grass and vaquero grass under the conditions of the present study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk in Response to Nitrogen Fertilization and Inoculation With Diazotrophic Bacterium

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Alessandra Mayumi Tokura Alovisi ◽  
Jucinei de Souza Fernandes ◽  
Alves Alexandre Alovisi ◽  
Luana Gonçalves Perondi ◽  
Luciene Kazue Tokura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization provides a great response in pasture productivity and quality but, after applied to the soil, this element undergoes several transformations, what increase its losses. To minimize this problem, a promising alternative currently suggested is diazotrophic bacteria use, which can contribute to a greater use of nitrogen by plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses with and without inoculation of seeds with Azospirillum brasilense on the structural characteristics, chemical composition, and mass production of Urochloa decumbens cv. Basilisk. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a 2 &times; 5 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments consisted of forage seed inoculation or not with Azospirillum and five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1). The variables analyzed were plant height, number of tillers, shoot dry mass (SDM), root dry mass (RDM), SDM/RDM ratio, chlorophyll index, nutrient content in forage shoot, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and nitrogen use efficiency. The inoculation of forage seeds with A. brasilense associated with nitrogen doses up to 100 kg ha-1 contributed positively to dry mass, plant-shoot nutrient content and bromatological composition of U. decumbens cv. Basilisk. The inoculation of seeds of U. decumbens cv. Basilisk, with A. brasiliense, is a viable alternative for partial substitution of nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals Four levels of nitrogen fertilization in two onion (Allium cepa) varieties

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Octavio Colberg ◽  
Alberto Beale
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Absorption Analysis ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels

The effect of fertilization with 0, 75, 150 and 225 kg/ha on onion varieties Ringer Grano and Texas Grano 502 was studied on San Antón soil (Cumulic Haplustolls). Ammonium sulfate was used as the source of N. Basic applications of K2O and P2O5 were made by hand, at a rate of 155 and 25 kg/ha, respectively. Planting distances were 30 cm between rows and 7.5 cm between plants. The experimental plot consisted of four beds with two rows per bed. Nitrogen fertilization was performed in two equal applications. The first half was applied four weeks after germination; the second half, 30 days after the first application. Sprinkle irrigation was used. Variety Ringer Grano was the sample for nutrient absorption analysis. Results showed that variety Ringer Grano produced 28.5 t/ha at 75 kg N/ha. There were no significant differences among 75, 150 and 225 kg N/ha. treatments within this variety. Variety Texas Grano 502 showed its best production at 225 kg N/ha., 13 t. There were no significant differences among this treatment and 0, 75 and 150 kg N/ha. There were no significant differences in plant height, bulb diameter, number of leaves and plant dry weight. Ringer Grano variety showed higher green foliage and bulb weight at 75 kg N/ha than the other treatments eighteen weeks after seeding. The highest nutrient absorption when no N was applied was found 116 days after seeding. These samples contained 14 kg N/ha, 12 kg P/ha, 60 kg K/ha, 26 kg Ca/ha and 4 kg Mg/ha. When 75 kg N/ha was applied to the soil, the highest nutrient absorption in the plant was found 131 days after seeding, with 63 kg N/ha, 13.7 kg P/haf 51 kg K/ha, 38 kg Ca/ha and 10 kg Mg/ha.

scholarly journals Foliar spray of gibberellic acid influences morphological attributes and foliage yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dhiman Das ◽  
Asim Kumar Bhadra ◽  
Mohd Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Doses

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from December 1, 2016 to January 11, 2017 to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on vegetative growth, morphological attributes and foliage (leaf) yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The experimental treatments consisted of eight different doses of GA3 viz., 0 (distilled water spray), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ppm. The variety Rosina (Pahuja Co., India) was used as planting material and different doses of GA3 were applied on the plants at 25 and 30 days after sowing. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. GA3 had significant effect on vegetative growth, morphology, foliage yield and yield contributing characters of coriander. Plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf length, plant spread and single plant weight were found maximum from the application of GA3 at 20 ppm, which was closely followed by 25 ppm GA3. Application of GA3 at 20 ppm produced the highest weight of foliage m-2. A strong positive correlation of foliage yield was observed with plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf length, plant spread, single plant weight and weight of foliage m-2. Application of GA3 at 20 ppm gave maximum foliage yield (9.34 t ha-1) which was followed by GA3 at 15 ppm (8.46 t ha-1) and 25 ppm (8.06 t ha-1), and the minimum foliage yield was recorded from control (distilled water spray) (4.90 t ha-1). Application of GA3 at 20 ppm increased foliage yield over control by 47.54 %. A quadratic relationship between applied GA3 concentration and foliage yield was found; the regression equation was y = 4.87 + 0.375x – 0.009x2 from which it came up to be optimum dose of GA3 as 20.83 ppm.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 1-9, April 2018

Nitrogen fertilization stimulates germination of dormant pin cherry seed

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Auchmoody
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Muriate Of Potash

Nitrogen fertilizers triggered germination of dormant Prunuspensylvanica L. seed naturally buried in the forest floor of 60-year-old Allegheny hardwood stands. Neither triple superphosphate nor muriate of potash applied with urea increased germination over that which occurred with urea alone. Rates as low as 56 kg/ha N from urea and calcium nitrate and 112 kg/ha N from ammonium sulfate stimulated germination. Nitrate was apparently responsible for breaking dormancy.

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