Crop Sequence Effects on Leaf Spot Diseases of No-Till Spring Wheat

Nitrogen availability to a spring wheat crop was examined in the cropping season in a side-by-side comparison of no-till (first year) and tillage fallow in an undulating farm field in the Brown soil zone in southwestern Saskatchewan. Thirty different sampling points along a grid in each tillage landscape were randomly selected, representing 10 each of shoulder, footslope and level landscape positions. Nitrogen availability was studied i) by profile inorganic N content ii) by crop N uptake and yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and iii) by 15N tracer technique and in situ burial of anion exchange resin membranes (AEM).Pre-seeding available moisture content of the surface soil samples was significantly higher under no-till compared with tillage fallow. However, no significant differences in pre-seeding profile total inorganic N, crop N uptake and yield were observed between the treatments. At the landform scale, shoulder positions of the respective tillage systems had lower profile inorganic N, crop N uptake and yield compared with other slope positions. Soil N supply power, as determined by 15N tracer and AEM techniques, was not significantly different between the tillage treatments, indicating that N availability is not likely to be greatly affected in initial years by switching to no-till fallow in these soils under normal moisture conditions. Key words: Summerfallow, landscape, nitrogen, wheat

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The emergence of cereal fungal diseases and the incidence of leaf spot diseases in Finland

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/145960611795163015 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 62 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. JALLI ◽

P. LAITINEN ◽

S. LATVALA

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Plant Pathogens ◽

Field Survey ◽

Fungal Diseases ◽

Cochliobolus Sativus ◽

Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽

Fungal Plant Pathogens ◽

First Time

Fungal plant pathogens causing cereal diseases in Finland have been studied by a literature survey, and a field survey of cereal leaf spot diseases conducted in 2009. Fifty-seven cereal fungal diseases have been identified in Finland. The first available references on different cereal fungal pathogens were published in 1868 and the most recent reports are on the emergence of Ramularia collo-cygni and Fusarium langsethiae in 2001. The incidence of cereal leaf spot diseases has increased during the last 40 years. Based on the field survey done in 2009 in Finland, Pyrenophora teres was present in 86%, Cochliobolus sativus in 90% and Rhynchosporium secalis in 52% of the investigated barley fields. Mycosphaerella graminicola was identified for the first time in Finnish spring wheat fields, being present in 6% of the studied fields. Stagonospora nodorum was present in 98% and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in 94% of spring wheat fields. Oat fields had the fewest fungal diseases. Pyrenophora chaetomioides was present in 63% and Cochliobolus sativus in 25% of the oat fields studied.;

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Crop Residue Coverage of Soil Influenced by Crop Sequence in a No-Till System

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2006.0129s ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 99 (4) ◽

pp. 921-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Joseph M. Krupinsky ◽

Steven D. Merrill ◽

Donald L. Tanaka ◽

Mark A. Liebig ◽

Michael T. Lares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Residue ◽

No Till ◽

Crop Sequence

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Crop Sequence Effects on Root Maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae: Delia spp.) Infestations in Canola

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1603/ec11440 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 105 (4) ◽

pp. 1261-1267 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

L. M. Dosdall ◽

K. N. Harker ◽

J. T. O'Donovan ◽

R. E. Blackshaw ◽

H. R. Kutcher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Effects ◽

Root Maggot ◽

Crop Sequence

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Quantifying the Effects of Fungicides and Tillage on Cercospora sojina Severity and Yield of Soybean

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-04-18-0017-rs ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 226-232

Author(s):

Alemu Mengistu ◽

Heather M. Kelly ◽

Prakash R. Arelli ◽

Nacer Bellaloui ◽

Binbin Lin

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Cercospora Sojina ◽

University Of Tennessee ◽

No Till ◽

Untreated Check ◽

Severity Of The Disease ◽

Research And Education ◽

The University

A field study was conducted in 2014 through 2016 at the University of Tennessee Research and Education Center, Milan, TN, to determine fungicide effects on frogeye leaf spot (FLS) caused by Cercospora sojina and to determine disease severity and yield under no-till and tillage. Each plot was visually rated for FLS severity based on the percent leaf area covered from 0 to 100%. The result showed that tillage did not affect severity of the disease or yield. However, there were significant effects from fungicide, year-to-year effects, and fungicide × year interactions. Among the three years, disease severity in 2016 was greater than in 2014 and 2015. Among the six fungicides, Topsin, Topguard, Quadris TOP SBX, and Priaxor significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced maximum disease severity in 2016. All fungicide applications improved yield relative to the untreated check. Topsin and Quadris TOP SBX, however, had consistently the highest percent yield increases. These results suggest that not all fungicides that reduced FLS severity equally protected yield, indicating that yield and environmental conditions need to be considered when making appropriate fungicide recommendations in tilled and no-till systems.

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Crop Sequence Effects on Response of Corn and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen to Fertilizer and Manure Nitrogen

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1995.00021962008700050016x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 876-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

John A. Lory ◽

Gyles W. Randall ◽

Michael P. Russelle

Keyword(s):

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Soil Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Sequence Effects ◽

Crop Sequence ◽

Soil Inorganic

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Tillage and Planting Date Influence Foxtail (Setariaspp.) Emergence in Continuous Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00043724 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 223-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Eric Spandl ◽

Beverly R. Durgan ◽

Frank Forcella

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Weed Management ◽

Planting Date ◽

Weed Species ◽

Planting Dates ◽

No Till ◽

Emergence Patterns ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Chisel Plow ◽

Moldboard Plow

Foxtail emergence patterns were evaluated in spring wheat under three tillage regimes, moldboard plow, chisel plow, and no-till, and three wheat planting dates. The first planting date was as soon as feasible in spring, and the second and third planting dates averaged 9 and 17 d later. Foxtail emergence patterns and seedbank density were evaluated each year for three consecutive years. Green foxtail was the dominant weed species. Tillage regime did not influence initial percent emergence of foxtail. Subsequent percent foxtail emergence was sometimes lower in no-till or chisel plow than in moldboard plow regimes until emergence approached 100%. By the third year, total foxtail plant emergence was greater in no-till and chisel plow than in moldboard plow and also greater in no-till than chisel plow. Earlier planting generally increased percent foxtail emergence until midseason. At 22 d after planting, average emergence of foxtail was 48, 67, and 81% for planting dates one, two, and three, respectively. Delayed planting increased rate of foxtail emergence but decreased density of emerged seedlings. Producers adopting chisel plow or no-till systems can expect to see greater foxtail infestations than in moldboard plow systems. Subsequently, more extensive weed management in reduced tillage systems will be needed to prevent heavy foxtail infestations. Delaying wheat planting may be a viable option for foxtail management through reduced plant densities and more simultaneous emergence patterns.

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Foxtail (Setariaspp.) seedling dynamics in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) are influenced by seeding date and tillage regime

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500091566 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 156-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Eric Spandl ◽

Beverly R. Durgan ◽

Frank Forcella

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Seedling Density ◽

Emergence Period ◽

No Till ◽

Seeding Date ◽

Emergence Patterns ◽

Seedling Dynamics ◽

Chisel Plow ◽

Moldboard Plow

Emergence patterns of foxtail in spring wheat following soybean were evaluated for three seeding dates and three tillage regimes. Cumulative foxtail emergence, as a percentage of total plants emerged in the growing season, was generally not influenced by tillage regime throughout most of the emergence period, but when differences occurred, emergence was lower with no-till than with moldboard plow. Foxtail seedling densities were greater in no-till and chisel plow than in moldboard plow. Weed biomass and wheat yields were not affected by tillage regime. Delaying wheat seeding reduced foxtail percent emergence and emerged seedling density. Differences in emergence patterns of foxtail were attributable to thermal accumulation after seeding. Wheat yield was not influenced by seeding date in 2 of 3 yr.

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