Comparative Performance of Early-maturing Maize Cultivars Developed in Three Eras under Drought Stress and Well-watered Environments in West Africa

Crop Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1298-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Badu-Apraku ◽  
M. Oyekunle ◽  
A. Menkir ◽  
K. Obeng-Antwi ◽  
C. G. Yallou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Early Maturing

Performance of tropical early-maturing maize cultivars in multiple stress environments

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Badu-Apraku ◽  
A. Menkir ◽  
S. Ajala ◽  
R. Akinwale ◽  
M. Oyekunle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Growing Conditions

Maize (Zea mays L.) production in west Africa (WA) is constrained by drought, Striga hermonthica infestation and low soil nitrogen (N). Maize varieties resistant to Striga, drought, and low N are ideal for WA, but genotype × environment interaction on these traits are usually significant due to differential responses of cultivars to growing conditions. Three studies were conducted from 2007 to 2009 at five locations in Nigeria to evaluate the performance of selected early-maturing cultivars under drought stress versus well-watered, Striga-infested versus Striga-free, and in low- versus high-N environments. Drought stress reduced grain yield by 44%, Striga infestation by 65%, and low N by 40%. GGE biplot analysis showed that the genotypes TZE-W DT STR C4, Tillering Early DT, TZE-W DT STR QPM C0 and TZE-Y DT STR C4 performed relatively well in all study environments. TZE-W DT STR C4 and TZE Comp3 C1F2 were outstanding under drought, TZE-W DT STR C4, EVDT-W 99 STR QPM C0 and TZE-W DT STR QPMC0 under Striga infestation and Tillering Early DT, EVDT 97 STRC1, TZE-W DT STR C4, and TZE Comp3 C3 under N deficiency. Maize productivity in WA can be significantly improved by promoting cultivation of genotypes that combine high resistance/tolerance to Striga and drought with improved N-use efficiency.

Performance of extra-early maize cultivars based on GGE biplot and AMMI analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BADU-APRAKU ◽  
M. OYEKUNLE ◽  
K. OBENG-ANTWI ◽  
A. S. OSUMAN ◽  
S. G. ADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYMulti-environment trials (METs) in West Africa have demonstrated the existence of genotype×environment interactions (G×E), which complicate the selection of superior cultivars and the best testing sites for identifying superior and stable genotypes. Two powerful statistical tools available for MET analysis are the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the genotype main effect+G×E (known as GGE) biplot. The objective of the present study was to compare their effectiveness in identifying maize mega-environments and stable and superior maize cultivars with good adaptation to West Africa. Twelve extra-early maturing maize cultivars were evaluated at 17 locations in four countries in West Africa from 2006 to 2009. The effects of genotype (G), environments (E) and G×E were significant (P<0 01) for grain yield. Differences between E accounted for 0 75 of the total variation in the sum of squares for grain yield, whereas the G effects accounted for 0 03 and G×E for 0 22. The GGE biplot explained 0 74 of total variations in the sum of squares for grain yield and revealed three mega-environments and seven cultivar groups. The AMMI graph explained 0 13 and revealed four groups each of environments and cultivars. The two procedures provided similar results in terms of stability and performance of the cultivars. Both methods identified the cultivars 2004 TZEE-W Pop STR C4 and TZEE-W Pop STR C4 as superior across environments. Cultivar 2004 TZEE-W Pop STR C4 was the most stable. The GGE biplot was more versatile and flexible, and provided a better understanding of G×E than the AMMI graph. It identified Zaria, Ilorin, Ikenne, Ejura, Kita, Babile, Ina and Angaredebou as the core testing sites of the three mega-environments for testing the Regional Uniform Variety Trials-extra-early.

scholarly journals Use of GGE biplot for targeting early maturing maize cultivars to mega-environments in West Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Badu-Apraku ◽  
RO Akinwale ◽  
A Menkir ◽  
K Obeng-Antwi ◽  
AS Osuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Early Maturing

Differential N uptake by maize cultivars and soil nitrate dynamics under N fertilization in West Africa

2003 ◽  
Vol 100 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O Oikeh ◽  
R.J Carsky ◽  
J.G Kling ◽  
V.O Chude ◽  
W.J Horst
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Maize Cultivars

scholarly journals Changes in seed oil and protein contents of maize cultivars at different positions on the ear in response to water limitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani ◽  
Shabnam Heydari ◽  
Bahareh Ghassemi-Golezani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Water Limitation ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Seed Position ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Response To Water

A field experiment was carried out as split-split plot in 2014 to assess the effects of four irrigation treatments (irrigations after 60, 80, 100 and 120 mm evaporation, respectively) on<strong> </strong>oil and protein changes of maize cultivars (SC704, NS640 and DC303: Late, mid and early maturing cultivars, respectively) at different seed positions on the ear (upper, middle and lower positions on the ear). Overall, the highest seed yield was obtained from SC704, followed by NS640 and DC303 cultivars. Seed yield of all cultivars was higher at lower seed position on ear than at middle and upper parts of the ear under different irrigation treatments. The highest oil and protein yields were also recorded for seeds at lower position on the ear. Seed yield of all maize cultivars at various seed positions decreased with increasing irrigation intervals. Oil percentage decreased, but protein percentage increased with decreasing water availability. Water limitation decreased oil and protein yields of maize cultivars. Changes in protein and oil yields of maize cultivars at different seed positions and irrigation treatments were attributed to changes in seed yield.

Identification of early-maturing maize inbred lines based on multiple traits under drought and low N environments for hybrid development and population improvement

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Badu-Apraku ◽  
R. Akinwale
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Population Improvement ◽  
Hybrid Development ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Badu-Apraku, B. and Akinwale, R. O. 2011. Identification of early-maturing maize inbred lines based on multiple traits under drought and low N environments for hybrid development and population improvement. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 931–942. Drought and low nitrogen stresses are major limiting factors to maize (Zea mays L.) production and productivity in West and Central Africa. Studies were conducted from 2007 to 2009 at three locations in Nigeria under induced drought stress and low nitrogen conditions. The objective was to identify superior inbred lines for use as parents for hybrid production and for introgression into maize breeding populations. The inbreds TZEI 17, TZEI 13, TZEI 23, TZEI 2, TZEI 3, TZEI 22, TZEI 7, TZEI 11, and TZEI 8 were identified as the most promising parents under drought stress. Under low N, TZEI 7, TZEI 11, TZEI 2, TZEI 4, TZEI 10, TZEI 8, and TZEI 22 were selected. TZEI 11, TZEI 2, TZEI 8, and TZEI 22 had combined tolerance to drought stress and low N and could be used as germplasm sources for introgression of tolerance genes as well as for the development of drought and/or low-N-tolerant hybrids. Under drought stress, TZEI 17, TZEI 3, TZEI 23, and TZEI 13 were the closest to the ideal genotype, while TZEI 7, TZEI 2, and TZEI 11 were the closest under low-N conditions.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of three maize cultivars to drought stress and recovery

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Efeoğlu ◽  
Y. Ekmekçi ◽  
N. Çiçek
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Maize Cultivars

scholarly journals Photosynthesis by six Portuguese maize cultivars during drought stress and recovery

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho ◽  
Ana Cunha ◽  
Jorge Marques da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Maize Cultivars

Occurrence of Two Fusarium Species in Two Maize Cultivars in West Africa

Mycologia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1004-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melville D. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Maize Cultivars
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