Seedling Emergence of Wheat, Grain Sorghum, and Guar as Affected by Rigidity and Thickness of Surface Crusts1

Studies in growth chambers indicated that CGA-43089 {α-[(cyanomethoxy)imino] benzeneacetonitrile} applied at a rate of 1.25 g/kg of seed reduced the phytotoxicity of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], bensulide [o,o-diisopropyl phosphorodithioateS-ester withN-(2-mercaptoethyl) benzenesulfonamide], EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), UBI-S734 {2-[(1,2,5-dimethylphenyl)ethylsulfonyl] pyridineN-oxide} and MBR-18337 {N-[4-(ethylthio)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] methanesulfonamide} to grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] during seed germination and seedling emergence. The protected sorghum tolerated metolachlor over a wider range of rates than it tolerated the other herbicides. CGA-43089 did not protect sorghum from the phytotoxicity of trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine). Of seven other oximes tested as seed treatments, dimethylglyoxime, benzophenone oxime, pyridine-2-aldoxime, benzoin-α-oxime, and methyl thioacetohydroxamate showed promise for increasing the tolerance of grain sorghum to metolachlor. In general, higher rates of these oximes than the rate of CGA-43089 were required for equivalent protection of sorghum.

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Feasibility of Non-irrigated Soybean (Glycine max) Production in the Semi-arid Central Great Plains

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00028256 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 369-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gail A. Wicks ◽

Robert N. Klein

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Great Plains ◽

The United States ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Production Costs ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

No Till ◽

Wheat Stubble ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

We conducted research to determine if soybeans can be grown successfully in a no-till environment, in the semi-arid areas of the central Great Plains near North Platte, NE. Soybeans planted no-till into winter wheat stubble that was sprayed with glyphosate yielded more than when planted into soil that was rototilled in a winter wheat-soybean-fallow rotation. However, grain yield averaged only 420 kg ha-1during 1975, 1976, and 1977. No-till soybean grown in a winter wheat-grain sorghum-soybean rotation during 1982 through 1985 yielded an average of 1370 kg ha-1. Low yields were associated with lack of precipitation during the fallow period after winter wheat harvest or grain sorghum harvest and during the soybean pod elongation and filling period. Several herbicides gave excellent weed control in soybeans when applied either after wheat harvest, early preplant, or at planting time. None of the herbicides persisted long enough to reduce grain yields of winter wheat planted into the soybean residue. With present production costs these nonirrigated rotations are not economical in the semi-arid region of the central Great Plains of the United States.

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The precision and accuracy of the Standard Volume Weight method of estimating dry weight losses in wheat, grain sorghum and maize, and a comparison with the Thousand Grain Mass method in wheat containing fine material

Journal of Stored Products Research ◽

10.1016/0022-474x(87)90006-3 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 223-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carl Reed

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Fine Material ◽

Weight Losses ◽

Volume Weight ◽

Weight Method ◽

Precision And Accuracy

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Influence of preseason weed management and in-crop treatments in two successive wheat crops 1. Weed seedling numbers and wheat grain yield

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9930167 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

PM Dowling ◽

PTW Wong

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Seed Set ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Grass Species ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Annual Grass ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Heavy Grazing ◽

Annual Grasses

The effect of 5 preseason management treatments on seed set reduction of annual weed grasses and their regeneration in the following autumn was evaluated in a 2-year field experiment commencing at Orange in spring 1986. Preseason (spring) treatments were paraquat, glyphosate (2 rates), unsprayed heavy grazing, and unsprayed control. In the first of 2 successive wheat crops (planted 1987), 3 in-crop weed control treatments [control, chlorsulfuron (both sod-seeded), and trifluralin plus cultivation] were imposed. In 1988, the second wheat crop was sown into a cultivated seedbed or direct-drilled. The preseason treatments reduced potential annual grass regeneration by 91-99% compared with the control, with heavy grazing being the best treatment. For each preseason treatment compared with the control, the pattern of actual seedling emergence within the crop during 1987 was similar to that of potential emergence for each grass species (except Lolium rigidum), but numbers were lower and more variable (7-86% of potential numbers). The proportion of Bromus spp. and Vulpia spp. emerging within the crop declined from the first to the second crop, while L. rigidum increased to an average of 93% of the annual grass population in 1988. Trifluralin plus cultivation increased the control of annual grasses in 1987. In 1988, the 1987 in-crop treatments had little carryover effect on annual grass control; however, wheat grain yield was increased by both chlorsulfuron and trifluralin. Preseason management reduced seed set of annual grass weeds, and this control was maintained under cropping for at least 2 years (except for L. rigidum). Wheat grain yield responded to this control. Long-term control of L. rigidum where soil is disturbed appears difficult because of apparent long-lived seed in the soil.

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Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Tolerance to Mulch

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10102047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2047

Author(s):

Matthew R. Ryan ◽

Sandra Wayman ◽

Christopher J. Pelzer ◽

Caitlin A. Peterson ◽

Uriel D. Menalled ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Future Research ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

No Till

Mulch from cover crops can effectively suppress weeds in organic corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) as part of cover crop-based rotational no-till systems, but little is known about the feasibility of using mulch to suppress weeds in organic winter small grain crops. A field experiment was conducted in central NY, USA, to quantify winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling emergence, weed and crop biomass production, and wheat grain yield across a gradient of mulch biomass. Winter wheat seedling density showed an asymptotic relationship with mulch biomass, with no effect at low rates and a gradual decrease from moderate to high rates of mulch. Selective suppression of weed biomass but not wheat biomass was observed, and wheat grain yield was not reduced at the highest level of mulch (9000 kg ha−1). Results indicate that organic winter wheat can be no-till planted in systems that use mulch for weed suppression. Future research should explore wheat tolerance to mulch under different conditions, and the potential of no-till planting wheat directly into rolled-crimped cover crops.

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Response by irrigated grain sorghum to broadcast gypsum and phosphorus on a heavy clay soil

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9710053 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 11 (48) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

JC Noble ◽

CR Kleinig

Keyword(s):

Seedling Emergence ◽

Field Trials ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Positive Interaction ◽

South Wales ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Effective Use ◽

Phosphorus Application

In two successive field trials at Deniliquin, New South Wales, irrigated grain sorghum was sown at three rates of gypsum (0, 4,480, and 8,960 lb an acre), and four rates of phosphorus application (0, 25, 50, and 100 lb an acre) on Billabong clay, a brown clay commonly found on the Riverine Plain of south-eastern Australia. There was a significant response to broadcast gypsum in terms of seedling emergence, tillering, and panicle production. Furthermore, there was a positive interaction between gypsum and phosphorus response which was clearly demonstrated by the yield of total dry matter and grain in the first year. Although there was a response to phosphorus in the absence of gypsum, the more effective use of phosphorus on the gypsum treatments, particularly at the higher rates of fertilizer application, was attributed to improved soil water storage. In the second year, the residual value of applied gypsum was greater following application at 8,960 lb. an acre than at 4,480 lb an acre during the previous year. Residual phosphorus had little effect in the year following application.

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The Use of Winter Annual Legume Cover Crops in a Wheat-Grain Sorghum Rotation in South Central Kansas

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture ◽

10.1300/j064v20n02_08 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 69-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. R. Janke ◽

M. M. Claassen ◽

W. F. Heer ◽

J. Jost ◽

S. Freyenberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

South Central ◽

Legume Cover Crops ◽

Winter Annual

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Soybean (Glycine max) Herbicide Carryover to Grain and Fiber Crops

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00037453 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 625-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Joseph D. Walsh ◽

Michael S. Defelice ◽

Barry D. Sims

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Cotton Yield ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Visible Injury ◽

Soil Persistence ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Double Label

Experiments were conducted in 1988, 1989, and 1990 at two locations in Missouri to study the influence of fall tillage on the soil persistence of several soybean herbicides and subsequent injury to the rotational crops winter wheat, corn, cotton, and grain sorghum. Chlorimuron, clomazone, imazaquin, imazethapyr, and metribuzin plus chlorimuron were applied at their label and double label rate (2X) in soybean. Fall chisel plowing did not influence the carryover potential of these herbicides on any of the crops, in any year, or at either location of the research. However, herbicides injured several of these rotational crops. The 2X-label rate of clomazone reduced winter wheat grain yield at both locations. None of the herbicide treatments at either location reduced corn yield. Imazaquin applied at the 2X rate caused greater than 30% visible injury to cotton in 1989; however, cotton yield was not affected. The 2X rate of chlorimuron caused a reduction of grain sorghum yield in 1989, but not in 1990 or 1991 at Novelty.

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Honeyvine Milkweed (Ampelamus albidus) Control in a Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) – Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Rotation

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00031924 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 345-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark M. Claassen ◽

Loren J. Moshier

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Herbicide Treatments

Two 5-yr experiments in a winter wheat-grain sorghum rotation were conducted near Hesston, KS, to evaluate selected foliage-applied herbicides to control honeyvine milkweed in the fall after wheat harvest. Herbicides that suppressed honeyvine milkweed stem populations 9 months after treatment included glyphosate, glyphosate plus dicamba, glyphosate plus 2,4-D, picloram, and four combinations of picloram plus 2,4-D. Honeyvine milkweed had regrown sufficiently by 24 months after herbicide application to require retreatment. Stem populations were suppressed following repeat treatments. Herbicide treatments increased yields of grain sorghum planted 9 months later but did not increase yields of winter wheat planted 13 months or longer after herbicide application.

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