Collaborative Decisions in a Fractured Metropolis: Institutional and Process Innovations for the Management of Conflict Resulting from Demographic Shifts and Spatial Transformations in U.S. Cities

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Demographic Shifts

Participation and spatial transformation in large housing estates in Poland. Case study of Ursynów Północny

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Krystyna Ilmurzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Large Housing Estates ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Housing Estates

Abstract This article investigates the suitability of traditional and participatory planning approaches in managing the process of spatial development of existing housing estates, based on the case study of Warsaw’s Ursynów Północny district. The basic assumption of the article is that due to lack of government schemes targeted at the restructuring of large housing estates, it is the business environment that drives spatial transformations and through that shapes the development of participation. Consequently the article focuses on the reciprocal relationships between spatial transformations and participatory practices. Analysis of Ursynów Północny against the background of other estates indicates that it presents more endangered qualities than issues to be tackled. Therefore the article focuses on the potential of the housing estate and good practices which can be tracked throughout its lifetime. The paper focuses furthermore on real-life processes, addressing the issue of privatisation, development pressure, formal planning procedures and participatory budgeting. In the conclusion it attempts to interpret the existing spatial structure of the estate as a potential framework for a participatory approach.

Latino Continual Demographic Growth: Implications for Educational Practices and Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Rogelio Sáenz
Keyword(s):  
Undocumented Students ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Educational Practices ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Undergraduate Enrollment ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Demographic Growth ◽  
The U.S

Demographic shifts have transformed the racial and ethnic composition of the U.S. undergraduate population. Data from the American Community Survey are used to analyze Latino undergraduate enrollment as well as factors that contribute to the matriculation of undocumented Latino young adults. The article concludes with an overview of the implications of the growth of the Latino population and the experience of undocumented students on educational practices and policies.

scholarly journals Impact of Demographic Structure on Economic Development of Ukrainian Coastal Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1798
Author(s):  
Patrik Rovný ◽  
Serhiy Moroz ◽  
Jozef Palkovič ◽  
Elena Horská
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conflict Period

The main aim of our paper is to study peculiarities of two periods, i.e., the pre-conflict period (2004–2013) and conflict period (2014–2018), in the context of the impact of the demographic structure of the population on the economic growth and development of coastal regions of Ukraine. In the first step of the analysis, we investigate the relationship between the demographic shifts and selected economic indicators, using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In the next step of the analysis, we focus on the quantification of the impact of demographic indicators on the economic variables, based on the panel model with fixed effects. The received results confirm that the influence of the demographic stricture on the economic state of coastal regions changed significantly in the conflict period in comparison with the pre-conflict period, especially concerning income, unemployment, and the openness of the economy. Additionally, our findings show that while economic differences existed between the Azov Sea regions and the Black Sea regions in the pre-conflict period, they disappeared due to the economic deterioration of the Azov Sea regions during the conflict period. It is concluded that war affects adversely the population’s demographic structure, which inhibits the growth and economic development of Ukrainian coastal regions.

scholarly journals Demystifying data and AI for manufacturing: case studies from a major computer maker

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Chen ◽  
Bo-Huei He ◽  
Shih-Sung Lin ◽  
Jonathan Hans Soeseno ◽  
Daniel Stanley Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Data ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Reliable System ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Automation Technology ◽  
Electronic Parts ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Inspection Machine

In this article, we discuss the backgrounds and technical details about several smart manufacturing projects in a tier-one electronics manufacturing facility. We devise a process to manage logistic forecast and inventory preparation for electronic parts using historical data and a recurrent neural network to achieve significant improvement over current methods. We present a system for automatically qualifying laptop software for mass production through computer vision and automation technology. The result is a reliable system that can save hundreds of man-years in the qualification process. Finally, we create a deep learning-based algorithm for visual inspection of product appearances, which requires significantly less defect training data compared to traditional approaches. For production needs, we design an automatic optical inspection machine suitable for our algorithm and process. We also discuss the issues for data collection and enabling smart manufacturing projects in a factory setting, where the projects operate on a delicate balance between process innovations and cost-saving measures.

scholarly journals Guided Spatial Transformers for Facial Expression Recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7217
Author(s):  
Cristina Luna-Jiménez ◽  
Jorge Cristóbal-Martín ◽  
Ricardo Kleinlein ◽  
Manuel Gil-Martín ◽  
José M. Moya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expression Recognition ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Visual Saliency ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Facial Landmarks ◽  
Saliency Maps ◽  
Best Fit

Spatial Transformer Networks are considered a powerful algorithm to learn the main areas of an image, but still, they could be more efficient by receiving images with embedded expert knowledge. This paper aims to improve the performance of conventional Spatial Transformers when applied to Facial Expression Recognition. Based on the Spatial Transformers’ capacity of spatial manipulation within networks, we propose different extensions to these models where effective attentional regions are captured employing facial landmarks or facial visual saliency maps. This specific attentional information is then hardcoded to guide the Spatial Transformers to learn the spatial transformations that best fit the proposed regions for better recognition results. For this study, we use two datasets: AffectNet and FER-2013. For AffectNet, we achieve a 0.35% point absolute improvement relative to the traditional Spatial Transformer, whereas for FER-2013, our solution gets an increase of 1.49% when models are fine-tuned with the Affectnet pre-trained weights.

scholarly journals Impact of students evaluation of teaching: a text analysis of the teachers qualities by gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Okoye ◽  
Arturo Arrona-Palacios ◽  
Claudia Camacho-Zuñiga ◽  
Nisrine Hammout ◽  
Emilia Luttmann Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Educational Domain ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Evaluation Of Teaching ◽  
Teaching Learning

AbstractToday, modern educational models are concerned with the development of the teacher-student experience and the potential opportunities it presents. User-centric analyses are useful both in terms of the socio-technical perspective on data usage within the educational domain and the positive impact that data-driven methods have. Moreover, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education and process innovation has emerged due to the strategic perspectives and the process monitoring that have shown to be missing within the traditional education curricula. This study shows that there is an unprecedented increase in the amount of text-based data in different activities within the educational processes, which can be leveraged to provide useful strategic intelligence and improvement insights. Educators can apply the resultant methods and technologies, process innovations, and contextual-based information for ample support and monitoring of the teaching-learning processes and decision making. To this effect, this paper proposes an Educational Process and Data Mining (EPDM) model that leverages the perspectives or opinions of the students to provide useful information that can be used to enhance the end-to-end processes within the educational domain. Theoretically, this study applies the model to determine how the students evaluate their teachers by considering the gender of the teachers. We analyzed the underlying patterns and determined the emotional valence of the students based on their comments in the Students Evaluation of Teaching (SET). Thus, this work implements the proposed EPDM model using SET comments captured in a setting of higher education.

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