demographic growth
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

173
(FIVE YEARS 57)

H-INDEX

13
(FIVE YEARS 3)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Palacios Labrador ◽  
Beatriz Alonso Romero

In the 1950s, the city of Casablanca underwent a surge in demographic growth. Having become a strategic port during the French protectorate, it quickly had to accommodate more than 140,000 new arrivals from the countryside. The most extensive urban development project in the city was Carrières Centrales, introduced as a case study in the CIAM IX by the GAMMA team. Michel Écochard, Candilis and Woods reinterpreted the traditional Moroccan house in a compact horizontal fabric as well as in singular buildings. This became the typology not only for a house, but for the whole city. A revisit to Carrières Centrales 65 years after its construction provides an understanding of the metamorphosis that the urban fabric has undergone over time. The critical analysis in this research aims to uncover the main architectural and social parameters that have influenced its transformation. To achieve this goal, fieldwork was carried out during a research trip in October 2018. The work involved contacting local professors, accessing the archives of the University of Casablanca, interviewing the residents, and redrawing and graphing all the architectural elements that had changed since their construction. The urban fabric of Carrières Centrales was found to have evolved in a way that supports the following hypothesis: if an urban model imported into a developing country does not adapt to the changes in the life of its residents, it is considered a failure.


2021 ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Bakhytbek A. ZHANKUBAYEV ◽  
Vera A. GNEVASHEVA ◽  
Gulnaz Kh. GANIYEVA ◽  
Asya G. SADUNOVA

An increase in the birth rates and a decrease in mortality is currently one of the priority lines of the development of society. From a purely technocratic standpoint, development of the population should be based on accurate knowledge of the number of consumers and the movement of needs, without which it is impossible to solve many social problems in general. The paper addresses a question of the need to orient the economy towards the development of a person and the population as a whole. The purpose and objectives of the study were to identify the dynamics of the population size, natural increase, the main trends in the growth of birth rate, the analysis of the causes of death, including infant mortality, the study of the marriage and divorce rates, migration. In the main part of the paper, the indicators of the population size in the republic over the past 17 years and in recent years are considered, including: the main trends in population growth, factors affecting the growth and decrease in mortality, causes of infant mortality, migration balance, marriage and divorce rates, both in the republic as a whole and region-wise. In conclusion, proposals were made to create favourable conditions for the demographic growth of population of the republic. Today, the solution of problems in the field of demographic policy is becoming increasingly important. It is necessary to accurately determine the priority paths of demographic growth, taking into account the specifics of the development of the population of Kazakhstan. In the future, this would facilitate the solution of demographic problems in terms of improving the demographic situation, which will contribute to the prosperity of the whole state.


2021 ◽  

Mumbai over the past decade and a half has seen a shift within urban studies. It has moved from a relatively marginal position to becoming increasingly central in theory, practice, and imagination. This rise can be attributed to Mumbai’s size and demographic growth, its increasing connections to global circuits of capital and cultural exchange, as well as new theoretical and policy interest in the “slum” and cities of the “Global South.” Mumbai has been a part of the incipient “Southern turn” in urban studies in which mega-cities of the Global South have come to be recognized as incubators of future urbanism and as places at the leading edge of processes of globalizing modernity. Important in-depth scholarship on Mumbai has circulated widely in international urban research, triggered especially by the coverage provided by the three-volume Oxford University Press series published between 1995 and 2003. These works, among others, have allowed greater sensitivity to Mumbai’s range of distinctive urban spaces, cultural idioms, and lived experiences as well as their often chaotic and unknowable characteristics. Recent changes in the socio-spatial landscape of Mumbai have further opened up important new and alternative ways both of understanding, theorizing, and planning contemporary cities and of investigating urban life in the context of globalization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Tchinkoun Ayathe Carine ◽  
Azonhe Hervé Thierry ◽  
Dako Kpacha Sabine M. ◽  
Hounkponou Prince Edouard

La nécessité, voire l’exigence de disposer des services de santé de qualité, accessibles géographiquement s’impose à une population sans cesse en croissance. Les infrastructures sanitaires, les équipements médicaux, la disponibilité du personnel soignant nécessaire pour accueillir et prendre en charge cette population font toujours défaut. La présente étude aborde les contraintes d’accès aux soins de santé face à l’explosion démographique de la zone sanitaire Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito. Les observations, la recherche documentaire et les travaux de terrain sont les principales étapes de la méthodologie adoptée. Les données utilisées ont été collectées auprès de 900 ménages et 78 personnes ressources. L’Indice de Confort Matériel (ICM) a été calculé pour déterminer le confort des enquêtés. Les Analyse Factorielle des Composantes (AFC) ont été réalisées pour évaluer le lien entre l’accès aux soins de santé et les différentes variables indépendantes. Le modèle SWOT (Strenght, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) a permis d’évaluer les contraintes liées à l’accessibilité aux soins face à la croissance démographique observée dans la zone sanitaire Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito (OKT). Les résultats ont révélé que la disponibilité, la répartition des infrastructures sanitaires et du personnel soignant, le confort matériel du ménage, l’état de praticabilité des voies d’accès aux centres de santé conditionnent l’accessibilité aux soins des ménages. Malgré les efforts fournis par l’Etat et les collectivités territoriales, l’offre de soins de santé est insuffisante au regard du croît démographique.   The need, indeed the requirement, to have quality health services that are geographically accessible is imposed on an ever-growing population. Health infrastructure, medical equipment and the availability of the nursing staff necessary to welcome and take care of this population are still lacking. This study addresses the constraints of access to healthcare in the face of the demographic explosion in the Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito health zone.  Observations, documentary research and fieldwork are the main stages of the methodology adopted. The data used was collected from 900 households and 78 resource persons. The Material Comfort Index (ICM) was calculated to determine the comfort of the respondents. The Component Factor Analysis (AFC) was carried out to assess the link between access to health care and the various independent variables. The SWOT model (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) made it possible to assess the constraints related to access to care in the face of the demographic growth observed in the Ouidah/Kpomassè/Tori-Bossito (OKT) health zone. The results revealed that the availability and distribution of health infrastructure and nursing staff, the material comfort of the household, the state of practicability of access routes to health centers condition access to household care. Despite the efforts made by the State and local authorities, the supply of health care is insufficient in view of the demographic growth.


AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Pokorny ◽  
Pablo Pacheco ◽  
Wil de Jong ◽  
Steffen Karl Entenmann

AbstractWith the Brazilian military governments of the 1960s, systematic economic development of the Amazon began. Social and environmental concerns have entered Amazonian discourses and policies only since the 1990s. Since then, reports of threats to forests and indigenous people have alternated with reports of socio-economic progress and environmental achievements. These contradictions often arise from limited thematic, sectoral, temporal, or spatial perspectives, and lead to misinterpretation. Our paper offers a comprehensive picture of discourses, policies, and socio-environmental dynamics for the entire region over the last five decades. We distinguish eight historical policy phases, each of which had little effect on near-linear dynamics of demographic growth and land-use expansion, although some policies showed the potential to change the course of development. To prevent local, national, and international actors from continuing to assert harmful interests in the region, a coherent long-term commitment and change in the collective mindset are needed.


Author(s):  
Thiago Alvarenga de Oliveira

Savings banks in Brazil date from the early 1830s. However, the Brazilian government created its first savings bank in 1861 in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Due to the development of this savings bank, the imperial government decided to expand this model to each Brazilian provincial capital from 1874. The purpose of this article is to present an analysis of the development of Brazilian savings through the provincial savings banks administered by the Brazilian imperial government and to make a comparison with the growth rates of the country’s main savings bank - Caixa Econômica da Corte - between 1874-1889. At the limit of the text, we will consider the development of these institutions in relation to the specific political and economic situation of each provincial capital. The text is dividing into four parts. The first goes back to the chronological outline of the proposal to make a brief history of savings and the savings banks in Brazil prior to the creation of Caixa Econômica da Corte in 1861. The second briefly discusses the statutory reform of savings banks in 1874 and the administrative form adopted for all provincial savings banks in the Empire of Brazil. The third, central core of the article, analyzes the development of deposits from provincial savings banks in the two decades of the Empire of Brazil, as well as related to the demographic growth of the provinces between the 1872 and 1890 censuses. The fourth, and last part, deals with conclusions obtained in the general analysis of the provincial savings banks. As caixas econômicas no Brasil datam do começo da década de 1830. No entanto, o governo brasileiro cria sua primeira caixa econômica em 1861 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Devido ao desenvolvimento dessa caixa, o governo imperial resolveu expandir esse modelo para cada capital de província brasileira a partir de 1874. A proposta desse artigo é apresentar uma análise do desenvolvimento da poupança brasileira por meio das caixas econômicas provinciais administradas pelo governo imperial brasileiro e fazer uma comparação com os índices de crescimento com a principal caixa econômica do país, a Caixa Econômica da Corte entre 1874-1889. No limite do texto, traremos ponderações acerca do desenvolvimento dessas instituições em relação à conjuntura político-econômica específica de cada capital provincial. O texto está dividindo em quatro partes. A primeira retrocede o recorte cronológico da proposta para fazer uma breve história da poupança e das principais caixas econômicas do Brasil anteriores a criação da Caixa Econômica da Corte em 1861. A segunda discorre brevemente sobre a reforma estatutária das caixas econômicas em 1874 e a forma administrativa adotada para todas as caixas econômicas provinciais do Império do Brasil. A terceira, núcleo central do artigo, analisa o desenvolvimento dos depósitos das caixas econômicas provinciais nas duas décadas do Império do Brasil, bem como relaciona ao crescimento demográfico das províncias entre os recenseamentos de 1872 e 1890. A quarta, e última parte, trata das conclusões obtidas nas análises geral das caixas econômicas provinciais.


Author(s):  
Filomeno V. Aguilar

Abstract In his response to my review of his book, Ulbe Bosma reiterates that high demographic growth and the consequent abundance of surplus labor as well as local systems of labor control were important factors in the peripheralization of Island Southeast Asia. Colonialism itself, he argues, is not responsible for the making of a periphery.


Significance However, the context is crucial. This region, where reserves of water, arable land and vegetation are vulnerable to climate change, also sees rates of population growth and human fertility that are among the highest in the world. These pressures jeopardise hopes of development progress and fuel instability, with serious potential knock-on consequences for West Africa as a whole. Impacts A fast-expanding population will strain the region's limited resources of water, vegetation, grazing and arable land. Governments do recognise the challenge presented by population trends, but they are struggling to respond. Improved living standards, health and education help to create the conditions for a slowdown in demographic growth.


2021 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Daniel-Joseph MacArthur-Seal

This sub-chapter provides a chronological overview of the nineteenth century development of Istanbul, Alexandria, and Thessaloniki. It summarizes how migration and demographic growth, infrastructural development, the establishment of municipal government, and development of urban planning contributed to the modern cities that British servicemen would encounter during the years under study, despite their insistence on characterising the region as ‘backward’. It then examines the expansion of British power in the eastern Mediterranean over the same period, highlighting how a series of political and economic developments had established a British presence in the region which would form a launchpad for the military campaigns beginning in 1914.


2021 ◽  
pp. 146247452110312
Author(s):  
Federico Luis Abiuso

Between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the City of Buenos Aires (Argentina) had a significant demographic growth due to the strong weight of the migratory component. This article focuses on describing the theoretical frameworks deployed by criminologists and related experts to “racialize” the links between immigration and crime in Archivos de Criminología, Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Ciencias Afines, a journal published between 1902 and 1913. In so doing, and inspired by the Southern criminology proposals and reflections, I propose to analyze the criminological travels related to the Italian Positive School, to detail the grounds the thematic links between immigration and crime were based on and, in turn, to empirically illustrate different arguments around criminology as a Northern discipline.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document