The State of Public Finance in Post-Socialist, Central European Economies - A Comparison with the European Union Countries

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Kosterna
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
European Union ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
European Economies

scholarly journals Assessing the Level of Renewable Energy Development in the European Union Member States. A 10-Year Perspective

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3765
Author(s):  
Jarosław Brodny ◽  
Magdalena Tutak ◽  
Peter Bindzár
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Current State ◽  
Renewable Energy Development ◽  
European Union Countries

The global economic development is, to a great extent, dependent on access to large amounts of cheap energy sources. The growing social awareness of ecology and the enormous damage to the Earth’s ecosystem due to the production of energy from conventional sources have forced fundamental changes in the energy sector. Renewable energy is considered to be an opportunity for such changes. The current state of the art allows such changes to be made without restricting economic development. Therefore, activities related to the energy transition are being taken all over the world. The European Union has definitely managed to achieve the most tangible effects in this regard. This article presents the findings of the research aimed at presenting the current state of renewable energy in the European Union and analyzing the changes reported in this sector in the last decade. The research was carried out using a selected set of 11 indicators characterizing renewable energy in individual countries. These indicators were selected on the basis of literature review and own studies of the state of renewable energy and its development prospects. Based on these indicators, changes in the energy structure of individual European Union countries between 2008–2018 were determined. The study is divided into two main stages. The principal components analysis (PCA) was used for the first analysis. In turn, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted to assess the level of renewable energy development in the European Union countries. Both these methods and the extended statistical analysis were applied to determine the state of renewable energy development in the European Union countries in the studied period and to divide the Member States into classes with different levels of development. The results of the study showed that the EU countries are characterized by significant differences in the development of RES during the period in question. The unquestionable leaders in this respect are Sweden, Austria, Finland, and Latvia. Based on the findings, it is possible to evaluate the effects of activities related to renewable energy development and to prepare assumptions for future activities. Additionally, both the research and its findings broaden the knowledge of the directions of renewable energy development in individual European Union countries. This is particularly important in the context of changes related to the need to reduce harmful substance emissions and the implementation of the European Green Deal idea.

scholarly journals Analysis of the State of the Accident Rate in the Construction Industry in European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hoła ◽  
M. Szóstak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
European Union Countries

The article presents an analysis and evaluation of the accident rate in selected European Union countries. On the basis of available statistical data, the analysis of accidents in various sectors of the European Union economy was carried out. Afterwards, a ranking of countries regarding accidents in the construction industry was developed. For the selected representative countries, analysis of changes in the indicators which characterize the accident rate during the period between 2008 and 2012 was carried out. Conclusions resulting from the conducted research were formulated.

FOOD SECURITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Jakub Kraciuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Security ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Access To Food

The aim of the study was to show the state of food security in European Union countries and defines the basic factors determining the level of this security. There is a large disproportion in the state of food security between individual European Union countries, especially between old and new EU countries. It was determined that in the analyzed years average prices of products and their quality deteriorated in the countries of the European Union. The unfavorable changes that have taken place were not too great. On the other hand, the average indicator for the analyzed countries regarding access to food has clearly improved.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF FINANCING HEALTH CARE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES AS AN EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Olha Lisovska
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Medical Reform ◽  
Current State ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Financing Health Care

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyse the state of the system of financing health care in the European Union countries and Ukraine, to identify and compare their efficiency. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks were set: to analyse the current state of the system of financing health care in the European Union using up-to-date statistics on health care expenditures; to analyse the state of the system of financing health care in Ukraine for the last five years based on statistical data on expenditures of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine; to consider what needs the health care sector directs expenditures to; to identify the problems that were prompted medical reform in Ukraine; to identify and compare the efficiency of financing the health care system of the European Union countries and Ukraine. Methodology. During the preparation of the article, the author used the method of analysis and synthesis to review statistical data that provided an opportunity to analyse the current state of the system of financing health care in the European Union countries and Ukraine; the method of comparison was used to determine the efficiency of the models of the system of financing health care in the countries of the European Union, in order to further form useful advice for use in Ukraine during the period of medical reform; generalization method was used to summarize the results of the study. Results. Analysing the state of the system of financing health care among the European Union countries in 2019, it was found that the largest amount of health care expenditures was in Germany (the system of financing was based on the Bismarck model), and the smallest was in Latvia (the system of financing was based on the Beveridge model). Analysis of the dynamics of health care expenditures in Ukraine showed that over the past five years, the volume of expenditures has increased 2.33 times. In terms of the funds of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine, the largest percentage (85-91%) falls on the expenditures of the general fund. In relation to the total expenditures of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine, the share of health care expenditures in 2020 has amounted to 11.02%, which is 1.99% higher than in 2016. Despite the growing trend, the amount of budget expenditures is not enough for all the needs of the health sector. To identify the efficiency of the models of the systems of financing health care operating in the European Union countries and Ukraine, a comparison of the average life expectancy among the people of these countries was made. In the countries of Northern and Western Europe, there was the highest rate in the range of 81.1-83.1 years for both men and women; the lowest rate was observed in Ukraine (73 years). Ukraine is currently undergoing health care reform, which should change the Soviet model to one that will be closer to the English, which shows its efficiency on the example of European countries in the post-Soviet space. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used to form practical suggestions in preparation for the next stage of health care reform in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Eurosteoporosis: A Novel Proposal for a Discussion on the Acting Level of the European Union in the International Politics

2011 ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Murat Necip Arman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Lisbon Treaty ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This study claims that the state of "Eurosclerosis" experience in the European Union countries has been transformed into to "Eurosteoporosis" as a result of developments resulting from several causes. As the European Union´s ability to solve the problems today it faces decreases, the prominence of its functional disability in institutional meaning and the ineffectiveness of steps taken to overcome problems incresase the concerns about the future of the European Union. It is not possible to claim that the European Union has undergone such a transformation that it can overcome the robust problems of the millenninum through the reforms after the Lisbon Treaty. The developments in international politics in the 2000s and the effects of the global financial crisis that the emerged after 2008 triggered the state of "Eurosteoporosis".

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

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