Decision, Uncertainty and Cooperation: A Behavioral Interpretation Based on Quantum Strategy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Kong ◽  
Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Uncertainty ◽  
Behavioral Interpretation ◽  
Quantum Strategy

The Incentives to, and Constraints upon, Product Innovation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stoneman ◽  
Eleonora Bartoloni ◽  
Maurizio Baussola
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Product Space ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Decision Uncertainty ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Product Innovations

This chapter explores the factors that affect the firm’s decision to undertake product innovation. The discussion encompasses the driving forces that encourage product innovation, for example innovation by others or the ageing of an existing product line; however, the basic rationale is the search for profits. The chapter also addresses decisions about: the extent of innovation in general; horizontal and vertical product innovations separately; and the location of innovations in product space. The role of market structures in the product innovation decision, uncertainty in the innovating environment, and issues relating to emulation and copying are also addressed. Constraints to product innovation that survey data indicate are most important—innovation costs, risk and finance, and the availability of qualified labour—are also addressed.

scholarly journals The Superiority of Quantum Strategy in 3-Player Prisoner’s Dilemma

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Dong ◽  
Ai-Guo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Quantum Game ◽  
Final State ◽  
The Game Theory ◽  
Initial States ◽  
Quantum Strategy ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, we extend the quantum game theory of Prisoner’s Dilemma to the N-player case. The final state of quantum game theory of N-player Prisoner’s Dilemma is derived, which can be used to investigate the payoff of each player. As demonstration, two cases (2-player and 3-player) are studied to illustrate the superiority of quantum strategy in the game theory. Specifically, the non-unique entanglement parameter is found to maximize the total payoff, which oscillates periodically. Finally, the optimal strategic set is proved to depend on the selection of initial states.

scholarly journals An Insula-Driven Network Computes Decision Uncertainty and Promotes Abstinence in Chronic Cocaine Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S55
Author(s):  
Ju-Chi Yu ◽  
Vincenzo Fiore ◽  
Richard Briggs ◽  
Jacquelyn Braud ◽  
Katya Rubia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Uncertainty ◽  
Chronic Cocaine ◽  
Cocaine Users

Errors in Cognitive Mapping: A Behavioral Interpretation

1978 ◽  
pp. 141-156
Author(s):  
Charles J. Holahan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Behavioral Interpretation

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness and value of information analysis of NephroCheck and NGAL tests compared to standard care for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Jacobsen ◽  
Simon Sawhney ◽  
Miriam Brazzelli ◽  
Lorna Aucott ◽  
Graham Scotland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Decision Uncertainty

Abstract Background Early and accurate acute kidney injury (AKI) detection may improve patient outcomes and reduce health service costs. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of NephroCheck and NGAL (urine and plasma) biomarker tests used alongside standard care, compared with standard care to detect AKI in hospitalised UK adults. Methods A 90-day decision tree and lifetime Markov cohort model predicted costs, quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) from a UK NHS perspective. Test accuracy was informed by a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies. Clinical trial and observational data informed the link between AKI and health outcomes, health state probabilities, costs and utilities. Value of information (VOI) analysis informed future research priorities. Results Under base case assumptions, the biomarker tests were not cost-effective with ICERs of £105,965 (NephroCheck), £539,041 (NGAL urine BioPorto), £633,846 (NGAL plasma BioPorto) and £725,061 (NGAL urine ARCHITECT) per QALY gained compared to standard care. Results were uncertain, due to limited trial data, with probabilities of cost-effectiveness at £20,000 per QALY ranging from 0 to 99% and 0 to 56% for NephroCheck and NGAL tests respectively. The expected value of perfect information (EVPI) was £66 M, which demonstrated that additional research to resolve decision uncertainty is worthwhile. Conclusions Current evidence is inadequate to support the cost-effectiveness of general use of biomarker tests. Future research evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of test guided implementation of protective care bundles is necessary. Improving the evidence base around the impact of tests on AKI staging, and of AKI staging on clinical outcomes would have the greatest impact on reducing decision uncertainty.

scholarly journals VIDEO ASSISTED QUANTUM LEARNING DESIGN TO IMPROVE PSYCHOMOTORIC LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Wilfridus Muga
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Learning Condition ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Quantum Learning ◽  
Quantum Strategy

This paper aims at investigating how video-assisted quantum learning design improves the learning achievement on psychomotor aspect. This paper is constructed of review of related literature, deep investigation on journal articles and related empirical studies. Quantum teaching is an instructional design which integrates arts and feasible goals in all subjects. Quantum teaching is a shift in learning condition where interaction and interrelationship are used to maximize learning condition. In its relation to improve learning desire, a motivated and interesting media is highly needed. Video as media is integrated in the quantum strategy to maximize learning achievement particularly on the psychomotor aspect. Video contains audio, visual, and messages in form of concepts, principle, procedure, theories, application to help learners understanding a particular topic. These forms of messages are all delivered through the audio and visualisation simultaneously.

scholarly journals Quantum Strategy Synthesis by Alphabet Inc

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Ledenyov ◽  
Viktor Ledenyov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Strategy
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