scholarly journals Seasonal variability of sulfate ions in the Volga River water

Vestnik MGTU ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolyevich Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
High Water ◽  
Outlet Section ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Long Term Observation

In the Volga River water, sulfate ions rank second among the main anions in terms of their contribution to water mineralization. To study the seasonal variability of sulfate concentration, an analysis of long-term data of hydrological and hydrochemical observations obtained on the River Volga (in the outlet section of the Kuibyshev reservoir) has been carried out. For the period of 2001-2018 the average annual water consumption in the dam section varied in the range of 6.2-9.0 thousand m3/s, the average annual concentration of sulfates was 55 mg/dm3, the highest - 64 mg/dm3, and the lowest - 45 mg/dm3. The content of sulfates in the reservoir is formed mainly under the influence of the Volga River water coming from the Cheboksary reservoir and the Kama River water coming from the Nizhnekamsk reservoir. The sulfate content is characterized by significant seasonal variability. During the winter low-water period, the highest concentrations of sulfates were observed with a maximum in April, before the beginning of the spring flood (67 mg/dm3). During the flood, the content of sulfates decreased, reaching the lowest values during the summer low-water period in August (44 mg/dm3), and then, from September, the concentration of sulfates gradually increased, reaching 57 mg/dm3 at the beginning of the winter low-water period. Over a long-term observation period, the amplitude of sulfate fluctuations was 34-87 mg/dm3, and its value depended on the water content of a particular year. In dry years, the concentration of sulfates in the water increased, and in dry years, it decreased. In the seasonal context, the main differences in sulfate concentrations in dry and high-water years occurred during the spring flood and winter low-water period, and during the summer - autumn low-water period, the differences became minimal.

scholarly journals Changes in the concentration of chloride ions in the Volga water (section of the Zhigulevsky hydroelectric complex)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
VA Seleznev ◽  
AV Selezneva ◽  
KV Bespalova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Outlet Section ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Annual Changes

For a quantitative assessment of changes in the concentration of chlorides, an analysis of the data of hydrological and hydrochemical observations obtained on the Volga River in the alignment of the Zhigulevsky hydroelectric complex was carried out. For the period 2001-2018 the average annual concentration of chlorides was 27mg/dm3, the highest –31mg/dm3, and the lowest - 24mg/dm3. The chloride content was characterized by seasonal variability. During the winter season, the concentration of chlorides increased. The maximum was observed in April, before the beginning of the spring flood. During the spring flood, the chloride concentration decreased, reaching the lowest values ​​in May at the peak of the spring flood. In the summer, the concentration of chlorides gradually increased, and in the autumn, it decreased. The intra-annual amplitude of the average monthly concentrations of chlorides was 14-42mg/dm3. Such significant intra-annual changes in chlorides in the outlet section of the Kuibyshev reservoir are due to the interaction of the surface and underground components of the water flow of the Cheboksary and Nizhnekamsk reservoirs. In low-water years, the concentration of chlorides increased, and in high-water years, it decreased.

scholarly journals The Change of the Water Regime of the Volga River in the Area of the Protected Island Bakhilovsky

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Volga River ◽  
High Water Period ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Annual Water

The ecological state of the protected Islands Seredysh and Shalyga (now Bakhilovsky island) depends on the water content and flow of the Volga River. We have analyzed the long-term changes in the water flow of the Volga River for the period 1958-2017 in the alignment Zhiguli dam, located 12 km upstream from the island. According to the average annual water consumption, there are three periods that differ from each other in water content: low-water period (1958–1976), high-water period (1977–1997) and the period of average water content (1998–2017), with extremely low-water (1967, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1996) and extremely high-water (1966, 1979, 1981, 1990, 1991, 1994) years. In highwater years, during the passage of the spring flood, the island is almost completely flooded, and in low-water years, during the summer low water, the area of the island increases and changes its configuration.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Seasonal Variability of the Content of Heavy Metal Compounds in the River Waters of the Foothill Zone of the Central

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Water ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Term Data

Based on long-term data, the seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of the rivers of the foothills of the Central Caucasus – the Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek, and Urukh – was estimated.Generalizing studies affecting the regional characteristics of the level of hazardous heavy metals in the river waters of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus have not been carried out over many years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the level of hazardous compounds of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Zn, Pb) in the water of the Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek and Urukh rivers at 6 observation points located in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus, for the period from 2005 to 2018. In the analysis, the atomic absorption method using the MGA-915M electrothermal atomizer was used. The level of heavy metal compounds in river water was evaluated by such characteristics as the long-term average and median concentrations, the range of concentration fluctuations, and the frequency of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration. An analysis of long-term data for the period 2005-2018 on the study of the level of heavy metal compounds in the water of the Baksan, Malka, Urukh, Terek, Cherek and Ardon rivers in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus shows that river water pollution to a greater extent occurs in summer rain flood . The revealed levels of heavy metal compounds in river water over the long-term period under study, as well as the frequency of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration, are illustrated by graphs. The results obtained may be relevant in the development of regional water quality indicators.

scholarly journals THE RIVER TESHA HYDROLOGICAL REGIME ASSESSMENT IN THE ARZAMAS TOWN AREA WHEN JUSTIFYING PROJECT DECISIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Sitnov ◽  
Natalia V. Kochkurova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Project Study ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Long Term Observation

The article gives an assessment of the hydrological regime on the River Tesha sector . The assessment was obtained during the pre-project study of the object and allows making project decisions on clearing the riverbed. The River Tesha Basin has been well studied in the past. However, there was no data based on long-term observation of the river's hydrological regime parameters in the area under consideration; hence, the authors performed calculations for data recovery by interpolation between existing hydrological posts, as well as for obtaining their representative series and determining their hydrological characteristics. Correlation between changes in flow rates and water levels in the river was found, as well as between the riverbed morphological parameters (depth, width, cross-section area) and its hydraulic characteristics (flow rate, flow rates). The completed assessment of the hydrological regime makes it possible to forecast river flooding at high water levels as well as flooding of the surrounding area, and to make project decisions thereafter, including the identification of flooding areas, the dump sites choice, these sites functioning period f that depends on when and for how long they will be flooded during the year.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Seasonal Variability of the Content of Heavy Metal Compounds in the River Waters of the Foothill Zone of the Central Сaucasus.

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Water ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Central Caucasus ◽  
Term Data

Based on long-term data, the seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of the rivers of the foothills of the Central Caucasus – the Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek, and Urukh – was estimated.Generalizing studies affecting the regional characteristics of the level of hazardous heavy metals in the river waters of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus have not been arried out over many years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the level of hazardous compounds of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Zn, Pb) in the water of the Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek and Urukh rivers at 6 observation points located in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus, for the period from 2005 to 2018. In the analysis, the atomic absorption method using the MGA-915M electrothermal atomizer was used. The level of heavy metal compounds in river water was evaluated by such characteristics as the long-term average and median concentrations, the range of concentration fluctuations, and the frequency of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration. An analysis of long-term data for the period 2005-2018 on the study of the level of heavy metal compounds in the water of the Baksan, Malka, Urukh, Terek, Cherek and Ardon rivers in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus shows that river water pollution to a greater extent occurs in summer rain flood . The revealed levels of heavy metal compounds in river water over the long-term period under study, as well as the frequency of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration, are illustrated by graphs. The results obtained may be relevant in the development of regional water quality indicators.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE SPRING FLOOD AND SUMMER HIGH WATER IN 2017 ON THE LOWER VOLGA

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Petr Ivanovich Bukharitsin ◽  
Anjelica Yurevna Ovcharova
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes ◽  
Using Data

The article presents the analysis of parameters of the Lower Volga hydrological regime in terms of the regulated runoff, which was carried out using data of long-term observations. There have been considered characteristics of the spring flood and summer high water in 2017. It is stated that the current situation in the Lower Volga is the result of natural and anthropogenic processes, which demands the continuous monitoring operation of the Volga-Kama series of water reservoirs as an indivisible hydrogenic system.

scholarly journals GROWTH OF STERLET (ACIPENSER RUTHENUS L.) OF KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR (BASED ON MATHERIALS OF 2012–2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Anton Valentinovich Granin ◽  
Firdauz Mubarakovna Shakirova ◽  
Rail Gaiazovich Tairov ◽  
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Gorshkov ◽  
Andrei Eduardovich Kalaida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Individuals ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Reservoir Watershed ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Sterlet Acipenser Ruthenus ◽  
Better Than

The article analyzes the data of long-term studies of sterlet growth in the Kuibyshev Reservoir (watershed of the Volga River) conducted by researchers of the Tatar branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography. Significant variations in sterlet length were found not only from year to year, but also in different parts of the reservoir. There have been stated the changes in sterlet population. In recent years, the reservoir has seen an improvement in the growth of sterlet yearlings in comparison with that of fish in the Volga river and in the first years of the reservoir's existence, and a decrease in the growth rate and size of older individuals. It has been found that starlet species in Kama Reaches grow better than in other parts of the reservoir. Fish with fast linear growth is found to increase its percentage, while the part of slow-growing fish decreases.

scholarly journals Variability of the groundwater sulfate concentration in fractured rock slopes: a tool to identify active unstable areas

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5415-5444 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Binet ◽  
L. Spadini ◽  
C. Bertrand ◽  
Y. Guglielmi ◽  
J. Mudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractured Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Oxide Coatings ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Iron Oxide Coatings ◽  
Long Term Observation

Abstract. Water chemical analysis of 100 springs from the Orco and the Tinée valleys (Western Italy and Southern France) and a 7 years groundwater chemistry monitoring of the 5 main springs were performed. All these springs drain crystalline rock slopes. Some of these drain currently active gravitational slope deformations. The pyrite nuclei contained in crystalline rock materials were found in the fractures to be covered superficially by iron oxide coatings. Potentially, the infiltration of oxidigenated waters leads to the dissolution of iron(II) sulfides associated with precipitation of insoluble iron(III) oxides and with a consequent release of sulfate ions to solution, such as observed. All the waters flowing through unstable slopes show anomalies in the sulfate concentrations compared to stable aquifers. A sulfate concentrations increasing was observed repeatability after five consecutive landslides and suggest that the mechanical deformation is the origin of changes of the water composition and of the superficial mineralogy in the fractures. Moreover, the long-term observation of changes in water chemistry, rock mineral composition and associated calculation shows that sliding acceleration and chemical composition are closely related. Such signatures is produced even from slow (mm/yr) and low magnitude deformations. This result opens interesting perspective for the follow-up of sliding dynamic in landslides or in (a)seismic events and for the eventual prediction of catastrophic ruptures.

scholarly journals Climatic Changes Impact upon the Spring High-water Runoff and its Formation Factors in the Volga Basin.

2016 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
High Water ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
Wide Range

An assessment of the spring runoff characteristics and its formation factors in the Volga basin over the period of 1978–2010 vs. the period of 1948–1977 has been carried out. It has been found that the spring runoff variations are different in direction: 70% of the observed catchments demonstrate decrease of the spring high-water runoff layer, while 30% demonstrate the increase. Runoff alterations are statistically significant only at 35 % of individual catchments. On the average in the Volga River the runoff value at individual catchments with the runoff volume negative trend, this value decreased by approximately 10% over the past thirty years. It has been shown that the snowmelt runoff depends on the wide range of hydro/meteorological, physical and physical/geographic factors that are often correlated. Results of laboratory/field investigations and mathematical simulation were used for analysis of physical regularities of the snowmelt runoff formation processes that caused its variability. It has been shown that maximal snow resource and precipitation of the flood period are the main climatic factors that determine the spring flood runoff. The substrate surface factors act as intermediate regulators; they intensify or reduce the climatic factors’ role and ultimately determine the spring flood runoff variations trend. The proposal is to use the total volume of spring/winter precipitation as well as the winter air temperature as the main predictors for the spring flood long-term forecast.

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