scholarly journals THE RIVER TESHA HYDROLOGICAL REGIME ASSESSMENT IN THE ARZAMAS TOWN AREA WHEN JUSTIFYING PROJECT DECISIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Sitnov ◽  
Natalia V. Kochkurova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Project Study ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Long Term Observation

The article gives an assessment of the hydrological regime on the River Tesha sector . The assessment was obtained during the pre-project study of the object and allows making project decisions on clearing the riverbed. The River Tesha Basin has been well studied in the past. However, there was no data based on long-term observation of the river's hydrological regime parameters in the area under consideration; hence, the authors performed calculations for data recovery by interpolation between existing hydrological posts, as well as for obtaining their representative series and determining their hydrological characteristics. Correlation between changes in flow rates and water levels in the river was found, as well as between the riverbed morphological parameters (depth, width, cross-section area) and its hydraulic characteristics (flow rate, flow rates). The completed assessment of the hydrological regime makes it possible to forecast river flooding at high water levels as well as flooding of the surrounding area, and to make project decisions thereafter, including the identification of flooding areas, the dump sites choice, these sites functioning period f that depends on when and for how long they will be flooded during the year.

scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of rootstock effects on cropping and tree parameters of selected sweet cherry cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Jitka Blažková ◽  
František Paprštein ◽  
Lubor Zelený ◽  
Adéla Skřivanová ◽  
Pavol Suran
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Tree Characteristics ◽  
Gisela 5

The cropping of six sweet cherry cultivars that originated in the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology at Holovousy, and a standard one, ‘Burlat’, were evaluated on three rootstocks in the period of 2007–2017. Trees planted in a spacing of 1.5 m × 5.0 m were trained as tall spindle axes utilising their natural tendency to develop a central leader. On the standard rootstock, P-TU-2, ‘Tim’ was the most productive with a mean total harvest of 47.6 kg per tree. ‘Sandra’ yielded the most on the PHLC rootstock with 56.2 kg per tree and ‘Helga’ yielded the most on Gisela 5 with a mean total harvest of 55.9 kg per tree. The mean impact of the rootstock on the tree vigour, measured upon the trunk cross section area, ranged from 148.4 cm2 on the standard rootstock P-TU-2 to 114.1 cm2 on the PHLC and 125.2 cm2 on Gisela 5 . On the standard rootstock P-TU-2, the most vigorous one according to this criterion was ‘Jacinta’ (178.0 cm2) whereas ‘Justyna’ (109.7 cm2) was the least vigorous. On the PHLC, the most vigorous was ‘Sandra’ (147.2 cm2) and the least was ‘Amid’ (94.0 cm2). The other tree characteristics were mainly dependant on the cultivar and minimally, or not at all, influenced by the rootstock vigour.

scholarly journals Long-term changes of river discharge regime in Latvia

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maris Klavins ◽  
Valery Rodinov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Discharge Regime

The study of changes in river discharge is important for regional climate variability characterization and for development of an efficient water resource management system. The hydrological regime of rivers and their long-term changes in Latvia were investigated. Four major types of river hydrological regimes, which depend on climatic and physicogeographic factors, were characterized. These factors are linked to the changes observed in river discharge. Periodic oscillations of discharge, and low- and high-water flow years are common for the major rivers in Latvia. A main frequency of river discharge regime changes of about 20 and 13 years was estimated for the studied rivers. A significant impact of climate variability on the river discharge regime has been found.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on the High Water Levels of a Small River in Central Europe Based on 50-Year Measurements

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
Andrzej Boczoń ◽  
Anna Kowalska ◽  
Andrzej Stolarek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
High Water ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Northeastern Poland ◽  
The Impact

Climate change affects many elements of the natural environment and strongly influences the hydrology of rivers. In this study, we investigated trends in temperature, precipitation, and the water level characteristics in the small lowland river Lebiedzianka in northeastern Poland for the 50 year long period of observations (1970–2019). We recorded significant increase in air temperature and potential evapotranspiration, but the annual sum of precipitation did not change. We found significant downward trends for annual runoff. The results show a steady decrease in the number of days with high water levels. These changes caused by global warming will have a strong impact on forest habitats associated with high water levels and periodic inundations. In Europe, many of these precious habitats are protected under the Natura 2000 network as sites of high heritage value; nevertheless, their sustainability will be at risk due to the ongoing changes in their hydrological regime.

ASSESSMENT OF THE RIVERS’ MAXIMUM RUNOFF IN THE COASTAL TERRITORY OF PRIMORSKY REGION IN THE VIEW OF FLOODS HAZARD

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
L. Gorbatenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Maximum Runoff ◽  
Coast Region

The temporal patterns and spatial features of the maximum runoff in the coastal territory of Primorsky Region in view of the floods hazard for the period from the beginning of observations to 2018, are considered. The indicator of exceeding the hazardous water level, determined by the territorial divisions of the Hydrometeorology Department of the Russian Federation, used as a criterion for identifying the most flood-prone areas. Except for the Kazachka river, all the considered watercourses are characterized by the predominance of supreme value of runoff in summer-autumn season. There is no dependence between the amplitudes of intra-annual average daily, inter-annual fluctuations of the maximum water levels and the morphometric characteristics of catchments for the rivers on the coast of Primorsky Region. But generally it is obvious that amplitudes grow with increasing a river size. The temporal dynamics of the absolute values of the maximum runoff, its anomalies and long-term water cycles of the rivers in the coastal zone of Primorsky Region are not synchronous, except for a group of neighboring rivers on the east coast, as well as the Razdolnaya river in three gaging stations. The rivers of the coast region are characterized by a complex spatial differentiation of hazardous phenomena associated with high water levels. Their recurrence differs on closely located rivers. An increase in the frequency of floods in recent years has been observed only on certain rivers as the Razdolnaya river at Novogeorgievka settlement and the Rakovka river at Opyitny settlement. The territories of the catchments of the Razdolnaya, Borisovka and Tsukanovka rivers are exposed to the greatest threats of exceeding the hazardous water levels

scholarly journals Impact of Sediments and Constructions on River Flooding in Coimbra, Portugal

10.29007/v6th ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Alfeu Sa Marques ◽  
Nuno Simoes ◽  
Lucas Maluf ◽  
Fernando Seabra Santos ◽  
Jose Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
River System ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
Dam Operation ◽  
Upstream Part ◽  
Flooding Events

In Coimbra city, Portugal, the riverbanks have suffered several floods events in the past, due to its hydrological regime, the low slope and consequent lack of capacity of the Mondego River in its final 30 km. The construction of several dams in the upstream part of the river catchment has improved the use of the hydraulic capacity of the river system and reduced the number and intensity of flooding events in Coimbra. Nevertheless, intense rainfall events combined with inadequate procedures of the dam operation rules and lack of monitoring of sediments dynamics can still originate inundation in Coimbra such as those registered between 9th and 11th of January 2016. This work presents modelling scenarios demonstrating the influence of the sediment accumulation into the riverbed and its effect on the water levels. It also presents the influence that piers from a new bridge can have into the river flow dynamics.

scholarly journals Historic floods in the city of Prague – a reconstruction of peak discharges for 1481–1825 based on documentary sources

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Elleder ◽  
J. Herget ◽  
T. Roggenkamp ◽  
A. Nießen
Keyword(s):  
Water Levels ◽  
Hydraulic Roughness ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Instrumental Period ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City ◽  
Peak Discharges

The paper aims to reconstruct peak discharges of historic floods in an urbanized area of the historic city of Prague based on documentary sources from pre-instrumental and the early instrumental period (1481–1825). Approximately 20–30 maximum water levels are denoted by flood-marks, accounts describing or related at unchanged sites, or by early instrumental measurements. The challenge in this reconstruction is the identification and consideration of man-made floodplain modifications influencing the cross-section area and the hydraulic roughness. In order to overcome this problem, a simple approach to estimate peak discharges of historic floods has been developed and applied to the River Vltava. This approach includes a procedure for reconstructing the hydraulic parameters of the river channel and inundated floodplain, coupled with an approach for the verification of estimated peak discharge reliability. As a result of the different hydraulic characteristics associated with ice jam floods all winter-flood events are excluded to avoid their potential inclusion. We present 18 reconstructed discharge maxima. The validation of the technique by comparison with the recent gauged flood of 2002 reveals results of adequate accuracy. The comparison also shows that the flood event of 2002 was conspicuously greater than all calculated summer floods in 1481–1825.

scholarly journals Hydro-Saline Dynamics of a Shallow Mediterranean Coastal Lagoon: Complementary Information from Short and Long Term Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Olivier Boutron ◽  
Caroline Paugam ◽  
Emilie Luna-Laurent ◽  
Philippe Chauvelon ◽  
Damien Sous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Agricultural Drainage ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
Short And Long Term

The Vaccarès Lagoon System, located in the central part of the Rhône Delta (France), is a complex shallow coastal lagoon, exposed to a typical Mediterranean climate and a specific hydrological regime affected by man-controlled exchanges with the sea and agricultural drainage channels. In this article, we report the results obtained by a series of monitoring programs, with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Long-term datasets from 1999 to 2019 with data collected on a monthly basis and a high spatial resolution highlighted the significant spatial heterogeneity in salinity regimes, and helped to determine the long-term evolution of the total mass of dissolved salt. High-frequency surveys allowed to characterize the water levels and salinity dynamics seasonal response to (i) the exchanges with the Mediterranean Sea, (ii) the exchanges with agricultural drainage channels, and (iii) the rain and evaporation. In addition, wind effects on salinity variations are also explored. This work shows how different spatial and temporal monitoring strategies provide complementary information on the dynamic of such a complex system. Results will be useful and provide insight for the management of similar lagoon systems, accommodating for both human activities and ecological stakes in the context of global change.

scholarly journals Aspects influencing the rootstock – scion performance during long term evaluation in pear orchard

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Mészáros ◽  
Luděk Laňar ◽  
Josef Kosina ◽  
Jan Náměstek
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Growth Vigour ◽  
Pear Orchard ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Growth Vigor

During 1999–2016, the performance of ‘Red Bartlett’, ‘Conference’ and ‘Beurré Alexander Lucas’ grafted on four pear (Pyrus) rootstocks OH × F 69, OH × F 87, OH × F 230, OH × F 333 and on quince (Cydonia) rootstock BA 29 was evaluated at the RBIP Holovousy Ltd. For each combination, trunk cross-section area, cumulative yield, yield efficiency and mean fruit weight were assessed. The growth vigour of the scion cultivars on OH × F rootstocks was similar or slightly higher comparing to the growth on BA 29. Throughout the years, the growth vigor and productivity of the rootstock combinations may change. Less vigorous combinations of rootstock/scion were linked with higher yields in young trees, but usually with just moderate yields in later seasons. By contrast, combinations with higher growth vigour had usually higher yields in the later seasons. This balance is genotype specific, where aside of rootstock an important role is played by the scion cultivar vigour. The bearing precocity may be influenced by the cultivar as well. The results can vary with different climatic conditions and orchard management.  

scholarly journals ELEVATED WATER LEVELS AT TRAINED RIVER ENTRANCES

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zai Jin You ◽  
Peter Nielsen ◽  
David Hanslow ◽  
Tim Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Ocean Tides ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Level Data ◽  
Elevated Water

The south-east coast of Australia has many low-lying areas at river entrances that are vulnerable to coastal inundation due to high water levels elevated by ocean tides, coastal storms, ocean waves and other drivers. The penetration of elevated entrance water levels into rivers can further intensify river flooding associated with high rainfall events. In this study, historical water level data, which were collected continuously at 17 inshore and 5 offshore permanent tide stations along the East Coast of Australia, are used to study effects of tides and waves on water levels at trained river entrances and also to estimate extreme entrance water levels without major entrance rainfall-related flooding.

Repeated century-scale droughts over the past 13,000 yr near the Hudson River watershed, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige E. Newby ◽  
Bryan N. Shuman ◽  
Jeffrey P. Donnelly ◽  
Dana MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
High Water ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Multiple Time

AbstractLong-term sediment and ground-penetrating radar data from Davis Pond, a small lake near the Hudson River valley, reveal past droughts in a historically humid region that presently supplies water to millions of people in and around New York City. A minimum of eleven sandy paleoshoreline deposits in the lake date from 13.4 to 0.6 cal ka BP. The deposits span 1500 to 200 yr between bracketing radiocarbon ages, and intrude into lacustrine silts up to 9.0 m below the modern lake surface in a transect of six sediment cores. Three low stands, ca. 13.4–10.9, 9.2 and 8.2 cal ka BP indicate low regional moisture balance when low temperatures affected the North Atlantic region. Consistent with insolation trends, water levels rose from ca. 8.0 cal ka BP to present, but five low stands interrupted the rise and are likely associated with ocean–atmosphere interactions. Similar to evidence from other studies, the data from Davis Pond indicate repeated multi-century periods of prolonged or frequent droughts super-imposed on long-term regional trends toward high water levels. The patterns indicate that water supplies in this heavily populated region have continuously varied at multiple time scales and confirm that humid regions such as the northeastern United States are more prone to severe drought than historically expected.

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