Mobile phone text messaging to reduce alcohol and tobacco use in young people – a narrative review

BACKGROUND Motivational interviewing is an effective strategy to mitigate chronic disease risk through promotion of health behavior changes. However, multiple barriers impede its delivery to and uptake by patients. mHealth-based versions of motivational interviewing interventions, or technology-delivered adaptations of motivational interviewing (TAMIs), might increase reach, but their effectiveness is less well-understood. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this narrative review was to characterize the extent to which TAMIs: (1) affect behavioral outcomes, (2) have included individuals from populations that have been marginalized, and (3) have addressed socio-contextual influences on health. METHODS We identified studies indexed in PubMed that described interventions incorporating motivational interviewing techniques into a mobile or electronic health platform. Data were abstracted from eligible studies, including target population characteristics, study design and eligibility criteria, theoretical/conceptual models utilized, mHealth tool details, and effects on behavioral outcomes. RESULTS Thirty-three studies reported the use of TAMIs. Sample sizes ranged from 10 to 2,069 participants ages 13 to 70 years. Most studies (n=24) directed interventions towards individuals engaging in behaviors that increased the risk of chronic disease. Most studies oversampled (n=18) individuals from marginalized socio-demographic groups, but few were designed specifically with marginalized groups in mind (n=3). TAMIs utilized text messaging (n=7), web-based (n=19), app + text messaging (n=1), and web-based + text messaging (n=3) delivery platforms. Twenty-seven (90%) included randomized controlled trials reporting behavioral and health-related outcomes, 21 of which reported statistically significant improvements in targeted behaviors with the use of TAMIs. TAMIs improved targeted health behaviors in the remaining 3 studies. Nine of 30 (30%) assessed TAMI feasibility, acceptability, and/or satisfaction, all of which rated TAMIs highly in this regard. Among 18 studies comprised of a disproportionately high number of racial or ethnic minorities, 15 (83%) reported increased engagement in health behaviors and/or better health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS TAMIs can improve health promotion and disease management behaviors for people from a variety of socio-demographic backgrounds. Future studies are needed to determine the contribution of TAMIs on individual health outcomes, and to determine best practices for implementing TAMIs into clinical practice.

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What are the effects of mass media antismoking campaigns on smoking/tobacco use in young people (< 25 years of age)?

Cochrane Clinical Answers ◽

10.1002/cca.2657 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jane Burch ◽

Sera Tort

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Mass Media ◽

Tobacco Use

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DI-072 Mobile phone text messaging to improve adherence to antiretroviral treatment in hiv-infected patients

European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy ◽

10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.247 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A102.3-A103

Author(s):

M Manzano ◽

R Jimenez ◽

A Tristancho ◽

R Morillo ◽

C Haro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mobile Phone ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment

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Potential effects on cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition by short message service (SMS)-guided training after recent minor stroke or transient ischaemic attack: post hoc analyses of the STROKEWALK randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054851 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e054851

Author(s):

Birgit Maria Vahlberg ◽

Erik Lundström ◽

Staffan Eriksson ◽

Ulf Holmback ◽

Tommy Cederholm

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Composition ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Standard Care ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo evaluate effects of mobile phone text-messaging exercise instructions on body composition, cardiometabolic risk markers and self-reported health at 3 months after stroke.DesignRandomised controlled intervention study with per-protocol analyses.SettingUniversity Hospital in Sweden.ParticipantsSeventy-nine patients (mean (SD) age 64 (10) years, 37% female) ≥18 years with good motor function (modified Rankin Scale ≤2) and capable to perform 6 min walking test at hospital discharge were randomised to either intervention (n=40) or control group (n=39). Key exclusion criteria: subarachnoid bleeding, uncontrolled hypertension, severe psychiatric problems or cognitive limitations.InterventionsThe intervention group received beyond standard care, daily mobile phone instructional text messages to perform regular outdoor walking and functional leg exercises. The control group received standard care.Main outcome measuresFat mass and fat-free mass were estimated by bioelectric impedance analysis. Cardiometabolic risk factors like blood lipids, glycated haemoglobin and blood glucose were analysed at baseline and after 3 months.ResultsBoth groups changed favourably in fat-free mass (1.83 kg, 95% CI 0.77 to 2.89; p=0.01, effect size (ES)=0.63 vs 1.22 kg, 95% CI 0.39 to 2.0; p=0.05, ES=0.54) and fat mass (−1.30 kg, 95% CI −2.45 to −0.14; p=0.029, ES=0.41 vs −0.76 kg, 95% CI −1.74 to 0.22; p=0.123, ES=0.28). Also, many cholesterol related biomarkers improved; for example, total cholesterol −0.65 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.10 to −0.2; p=0.06, ES: 0.5 vs −1.1 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.47 to −0.56; p>0.001, ES=0.8. However, there were no between-group differences. At 3 months, 94% and 86%, respectively, reported very good/fairly good health in the text messaging and control groups.ConclusionsNo clear effect of 3 months daily mobile phone delivered training instructions was detected on body composition, cardiovascular biochemical risk factors or self-perceived health. Further research is needed to evaluate secondary prevention efforts in larger populations after recent stroke.Trial registration numberNCT02902367.

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