Language and the Many Histories of Brazilian Inequality

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brodwyn Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policies ◽  
Social Difference ◽  
Gender Dynamics ◽  
Language Literacy ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Language And Education ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Many

There are numerous historical critiques of elitist educational policies in Brazil, as well as studies of the racial and gender dynamics of education, and scholars have routinely lamented the historical lack of access to schooling among the Brazilian poor. But surprisingly few historians have taken on language and education as durable categories of inequality—created, recognized, legitimized, and acted upon over many generations, constitutive elements in Brazil’s constellation of social difference. This is especially remarkable given the rich and repeated emphasis on language, literacy, and education that characterized debates about Brazilian inequality in the century after independence.

Unrivalled Influence

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Herrin
Keyword(s):  
Political Life ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Many ◽  
First Time

This book explores the exceptional roles that women played in the vibrant cultural and political life of medieval Byzantium. This book evokes the complex and exotic world of Byzantium's women, from empresses and saints to uneducated rural widows. Drawing on a diverse range of sources, the book sheds light on the importance of marriage in imperial statecraft, the tense coexistence of empresses in the imperial court, and the critical relationships of mothers and daughters. It looks at women's interactions with eunuchs, the in-between gender in Byzantine society, and shows how women defended their rights to hold land. The book describes how women controlled their inheritances, participated in urban crowds demanding the dismissal of corrupt officials, followed the processions of holy icons and relics, and marked religious feasts with liturgical celebrations, market activity, and holiday pleasures. The vivid portraits that emerge here reveal how women exerted an unrivalled influence on the patriarchal society of Byzantium, and remained active participants in the many changes that occurred throughout the empire's millennial history. The book brings together the author's finest essays on women and gender written throughout the long span of her career. This volume includes three new essays published here for the very first time and a new general introduction. It also provides a concise introduction to each essay that describes how it came to be written and how it fits into her broader views about women and Byzantium.

Trans Rights Are Not Just Human Rights: Legal Strategies for Trans Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Singer
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Trans People ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Legal Advocacy ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Legal Strategies ◽  
The Many

AbstractHuman rights instruments are but one of many legal advocacy tools used by trans people. Recent legal scholarship emphasizes that human rights laws are not sufficient to address legal challenges facing trans people, particularly intersectional and systemic barriers. This article looks to Canadian trans case law outside of human rights law to reveal the many instances in which trans people’s fight for legal recognition and redress occur outside of the human rights arena. It focuses on trans case law in three areas: family law, the use of name and gender in court, and access to social benefits. Canadian trans jurisprudence illustrates that not only are trans legal strategies outside of human rights plentiful and effective, they are also imperative. An agile and pragmatic approach to trans rights is necessary, particularly when minority rights are under threat, and for trans people on the margins of trans law reforms.

History, Politics, Law

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Global Order ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Many

Historians of political thought and international lawyers have both expanded their interest in the formation of the present global order. History, Politics, Law is the first express encounter between the two disciplines, juxtaposing their perspectives on questions of method and substance. The essays throw light on their approaches to the role of politics and the political in the history of the world beyond the single polity. They discuss the contrast between practice and theory as well as the role of conceptual and contextual analyses in both fields. Specific themes raised for both disciplines include statehood, empires and the role of international institutions, as well as the roles of economics, innovation and gender. The result is a vibrant cross-section of contrasts and parallels between the methods and practices of the two disciplines, demonstrating the many ways in which both can learn from each other.

Women, Violence, and Gender Dynamics during and after the Five Patani-Siam Wars, 1785–1838

Itinerario ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Francis R. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Gender Dynamics ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Women Violence

Abstract This article examines five wars that occurred on the Malay-Thai Peninsula in the period 1785–1838 and the deep impact they had upon women's lives during and after the conflicts. Constituting the majority of surviving refugees, women rebuilt their lives in the wake of war through business and trade in Malaya, as Islamic teachers in Mecca and Southeast Asia, and as servants and slaves in Bangkok. In each of these settings, women encountered new forms of agency and newfound challenges, shifting cultural values that regulated decisions and actions, and evolving perceptions of the qualifications for leadership. Focused upon the political demise of the Patani Sultanate, a state with a long history of female rule, this study is of particular relevance to scholarly debates concerning women in contemporary warfare because of its transnational focus with keen attention to women in a variety of Islamic spaces and contexts, its aim of dispelling the pervasive notion of Muslim women as lacking agency, and as a point of comparison for the present armed conflict still raging in Southern Thailand that has claimed more than five thousand and continues to impact women and gender dynamics in the region.

KORŌṈĀ TOṞṞU KĀLATTIL TIṈAKKŪLIYĀḶARKAḶIṈ NILAI: KOḺUMPU - 12 PUTUKKAṬAI PIRATĒCATTAI MAIYAPPAṬUTTIYA CAMŪKAVIYAL ĀYVU [DAILY WAGE WORKERS IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD: A SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH BASED ON HULFTSDORF, COLOMBO-12]

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
M.A.F.ASHFA ◽  
M.J.F. SANA ANJUM ◽  
A. IJAS MOHAMED ◽  
M.M.F. AQEELA ◽  
M.S. ZUNOOMY
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Daily Wage ◽  
The Many

The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely wounded the world economy with serious consequences impacting all communities and individuals. However, the rich and middle class can fill in their day to day needs, because of having enough money. At the same time, daily wage workers are facing difficulties to fill in their daily life needs in the current situation. According to this, the research aims to identify the economy level of daily wage workers of Hulftdorf, Colombo-12 during this period. The primary data were collected from 54 daily wage workers though questionnaire and in-depth interview. The gathered data were discussed by mixed approach descriptive methodology. The findings of this research declare that urban daily wage workers face the many difficulties than rural daily wage workers, because of expensive and costly price of the essential commodities. At the other hand, due to lack of daily income, they do not save the money. Thus, they face economic problems in predicaments. They also get insufficient donation, aids and relief in this emergency situation.

scholarly journals THE MERAH MOSQUE AND THE ASY SYAFI’I MOSQUE CONSIDERED AS LANDMARKS BASED ON THE LOCAL COMMUNITY’S RECOGNITION IN CIREBON’S ARAB PANJUNAN KAMPONG

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Ajeng Triwuri Widyastuti ; Giosia P. Widjaja
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Heritage Area

Abstract - The Arab Panjunan kampong serving as the research object happens to be one of the heritage areas of Cirebon Town. This urban kampong has certain ethnic characteristics typical of Arab quarters that make it unique, thus contributing to the rich cultural history of Cirebon. As a heritage area, it is important for this ethnic Arab neighbourhood of Panjunan to draw up an inventory of the specific architectural elements that are still traceable, such as the urban lay-out and its contents as well as the landmarks of this area observed from a physical-spatial angle. The aim of this research project is to find out about this kampong’s various architectural elements that are recognized as such by the locals. This will be the contributing factor in the process of determining which environmental elements can be classified as typical landmarks. The first step taken in the research conducted is field observation in order to establish the elements that have survived in the kampong, including the architectural, social, and cultural ones. The observation related to architectural elements has been identified in accordance with the theory concerning Elements of Urban Design as proposed by Hamid Shirvani in his book The Urban Design Process. The next step is conducting research using the Cognitive Method as applied to the kampong dwellers in Panjunan by way of sketched maps and guided interviews. The respondents, classified based on ethnic heritage (descent) and gender, were requested to describe the environmental elements in this ethnic Arab kampong as far as they could recognize or identify them. Those who experienced difficulties in describing the sketches were assisted by the researcher based on the stories that had been supplied. Based on the acquired data containing these environmental elements, the aspect of memories contained therein was studied by way of interviews linked to the Continuity Theory by Breakwell. Subsequently, an analysis was made of the basis underlying the recognition of these elements based on the Landmark Theory by Kevin Lynch, and classified based on the criteria drawn up by Eko Budihardjo. Through the analysis, it was discovered that Panjunan’s Merah Mosque and its Asy Syafi’i Mosque indeed qualify as as architectural elements that show continuity of memory, gaining validity as iconic elements or landmarks on the regional scale of Cirebon’s ethnic Arab kampong of Panjunan. Keywords : mosque, landmark, recognition, local community, Arab Panjunan kampong

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