scholarly journals New morphological key using male prothoracic leg characters to identify Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) species

2019 ◽  
pp. 1561-1565
Author(s):  
Clerison Regis Perini ◽  
Andres O. Angulo ◽  
Tania Sonia Olivares ◽  
Jonas Andre Arnemann ◽  
Jerson Vanderlei Carus Guedes
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Since invasion of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in South America, identification of Helicoverpa species became essential for Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Thus, we worked out on a pictorial key to identify tree important Helicoverpa species that occur in the Southern Cone of America, using new morphological characters from the prothoracic legs. Adult male and female of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), H. armigera, and Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Dyar) were used for identification. Prothoracic legs from moths were removed and images were taken (magnification of 25X) with scales and specialized scales. In addition, images (magnification of 50X) of prothoracic legs were used to measure the foretibia and epiphysis. The results showed that measurable characters were more reliable and accurate on male moths than female moths. For this reason, we will show only detailed results of male moths. Foretibia of H. zea were longer than H. gelotopoeon, but shorter than H. armigera. This size is visible with or without scales and specialized scales on males. Here, we show a first detailed description of protibial epiphysis. H. armigera has the longest epiphysis with fore margin pointed and with bristles terminating before the end of epiphysis. This illustrated pictorial key shown some first detailed descriptions of prothoracic legs. These characters are useful on integrated pest management programs of many crops to identify male representatives of Helicoverpa, which are captured on pheromone traps.

Revalidation and redescription of Feltia deprivata (Walker) (= bilitura of authors) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a pest species on South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4323 (2) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERMÁN SAN BLAS ◽  
FEDERICO AGRAÍN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Agrotis bilitura Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is cited on numerous works as a pest species in South America and as senior synonym of Feltia deprivata (Walker). Previous studies noted that both species were not synonymies, but valid species. The revision of type material of these species allow us to regard both species as valid species belonging to different genera. In the present work, we revalidate F. deprivata, giving a complete description of the morphological characters for male and female adults. As stated on previous works, we also support that A. bilitura belongs within the genus Pseudoleucania Staudinger, proposing the following nomenclatural changes: Pseudoleucania bilitura (Guenée) stat. rev., also lectotypes of Lycophotia atrifascia Hampson were designated in order to definitely provide name-bearing types to the type material studied and to stabilize nomenclature. Finally, we carry out a revision of all the literature concluding that the actual pest species in South America is F. deprivata not P. bilitura, and updating and correcting the distributional and hosts plant information for F. deprivata. 

A revision of the subfamily Araeopteroninae Fibiger, 2005 in the Russian Far East and neighbouring countries with a description of four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1891 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
MICHAEL FIBIGER ◽  
VLADIMIR KONONENKO
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Eastern Species ◽  
The Russian Far East

The subfamily Araeopteroninae Fibiger, 2005 from the Russian Far East and neighbouring countries is revised. Six species occur in Russia, three of which are new: A. ussurica sp. n., A. makikoae sp. n. and A. patella sp. n.; A. fragmenta and A. nebulosa are reported for the first time for Russia. In South Korea five species occur, two of which are new: A. patella sp. n. and A. koreana sp. n. Three species, A. amoena, A. nebulosa, and A. fragmenta are reported for the first time from China. The formerly described Far Eastern species (A. amoena, A. nebulosa, A. fragmenta and A. flaccida) are redescribed based on morphological characters. Adultss of all species from northern East Asia treated in the article are illustrated in color with their male and female genitalia. Distribution maps of the species in the Russian Far East are presented, along with an alphabetic checklist of 36 described species.

scholarly journals Impact of integrated pest management on the population of leafminers, fruit borers, and natural enemies in tomato

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moacyr Mascarenhas Motta Miranda ◽  
Marcelo Coutinho Picanço ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Leandro Bacci ◽  
Ézio Marques da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Eridania ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Action Threshold ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of integrated pest management (IPM) in the productivity of the tomato and in the populations of leafminers, fruit borers, and natural enemies in tomato crops. The treatments were calendar (spraying twice weekly with insecticides and fungicides), IPM (spraying when action thresholds were achieved), and control (no pesticide was applied). IPM was the most efficient system of pest control due to presenting similar productivity and 65.6% less pesticide applications than in the calendar. The attack of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Liriomyza spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) to the leaves only achieved the action threshold in the final phase of the cultivation. The main fruit borer was Neoleucinoides elegantalis (Guen.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), followed by T. absoluta and Spodoptera eridania (Cr.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The natural enemy populations were severely reduced by excessive pesticide applications. Predators were more abundant than parasitoids. The most abundant predators were Araneidae, Anthicus sp. (Coleoptera: Anthicidae), Cycloneda sanguinea larva (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Staphylinidae adults (Coleoptera), Orius sp. and Xylocoris sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Formicidae (Hymenoptera), and Phlaeothripidae (Thysanoptera). The most abundant parasitoids were Hymenoptera of the families Eulophidae, Braconidae (Bracon sp. and Chelonus sp.), Trichogrammatidae [Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley)] and Bethylidae (Goniozus nigrifemur Ashmead), besides Tachinidae (Diptera).

scholarly journals Systematics of Schinia chrysellus (Grote) complex: Revised status of Schinia alencis (Harvey) with a description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 898 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Pogue ◽  
C. E. Harp
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Host Plant Use ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Based on morphological characters and host plant use, species related to Schinia chrysellus (Grote) are revised. Schinia alencis (Harvey) is considered a valid species, revised status. Schinia chrysel- loides, new species is closely allied with S. chrysellus, and Schinia rufocostulata, new species is related to S. ciliata Smith. Localities of collected adult moths and their asteraceous host plants are compared and illustrated with distribution maps. Adults and male and female genitalia are illustrated for each species.

Acoustic attractants enhance trapping success for cane toads

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Schwarzkopf ◽  
R. A. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cane Toad ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Mating Calls ◽  
The World ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Introduced Pest

Cane toads are an introduced pest in many tropical locations around the world, but, surprisingly, there are few methods available for their control. Highly effective trapping may provide a means of controlling toads, either alone or as part of an integrated pest-management scheme. Existing cane toad trap designs use lights to lure insects to traps, and toads enter the traps to feed. Using a large, outdoor experimental arena and playback of cane toad mating calls, we examined the possibility that cane toads, like many other anurans, are attracted to conspecific mating vocalisations. We found that both male and female toads were attracted to quiet (47dB(A) at 1 m) playbacks, whereas only males responded to loud (67dB(A) at 1 m) playbacks with phonotaxis. We also tested whether playbacks broadcast from traps would be useful attractants to traps in the field. We captured three times more toads in traps with playbacks than in traps without playbacks, suggesting that playbacks can be used to enhance trapping success for toads.

scholarly journals Successful Strategies for Reducing Pesticide Use in the Landscape: Examples from California

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
J. Kabashima ◽  
T.D. Paine ◽  
R. Redak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Phoracantha Semipunctata ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Siphoninus Phillyreae ◽  
Sound Management

Pesticide use in the landscape has been reduced through the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) (Holmes and Davidson, 1984, Olkowski et al., 1978; Smith and Raupp, 1986). IPM emphasizes prevention, identifying pests and their symptoms, regular surveying for pests, determining action thresholds and guidelines, and using sound management methods. Monitoring techniques such as pheromone traps, degree-day models, and ELISA kits, in addition to traditional methods, have enabled pest managers to determine accurately when to apply IPM techniques. Examples of serious California landscape insect pests successfully controlled through IPM include the ash whitefly [Siphoninus phillyreae (Halliday)], the Nantucket pine tip moth [Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock)], and the eucalyptus longhorned borer (Phoracantha semipunctata F.).

scholarly journals Agrotis iremeli sp. n. from the southern Ural Mountains, with description of the larval stage (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Nupponen ◽  
Matti Ahola ◽  
Jaakko Kullberg
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mountain Tundra ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Agrotis iremeli sp. n. is described from the mountains Iremel and Nurgush in the southern Ural Mountains. Altogether 64 specimens were reared from larva and pupa in two localities during three different years. Both habitats were highly isolated mountain tundra regions at an elevation of 1300–1400 m. Also larval and pupal stages of the species are described. The moth belongs to the fatidica-group being a close relative to A. ruta (Eversmann, 1851). The new taxon differs from the latter by basally narrower, more unicolorous and dark reddish brown forewings with indistinct pattern, but also by the details in the structure of male and female genitalia. The larval stage indicates a relationship to A. clavis (Hufnagel, 1766). The adult, male and female genitalia, larval chaetotaxy, pupa and habitat are illustrated.

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