The effect of different tillage systems, fertilizers and green manure crops on soil fertility and yields of field crops in short crop rotation

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (64) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Doroshenko ◽  
◽  
Ludmila Ryazanova ◽  
Aqeel Al-Husseini ◽  
Denis Maksimtcov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The efficiency of the crop rotations with short rotation with different levels of their saturation of cereals and crops in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
R. Holod ◽  
О. Bilinska ◽  
H. Shubala
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Soil Water Regime ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Green Manure Crops

There were analyzed and disclosed the basic components of arable farming systems and their Meaning, the current state and scientific principles in the context of the further development of field crop cultivation in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. The purpose of research. To study an effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and analytical. Results. The results of researches on study of productivity of four-field crop rotations with short rotation depending on their saturation by the grain and tilled cultures, of various use of mineral fertilizers, green manure crops and collateral products which were conducted during 2014-2015 in the stationary experiment of the scientific and technological department of plant growing and arable farming, of the TDSGDS of the IKSGP of NAAN are resulted In the article. The elements of the biologization of farming are the basis of our development of crop rotations with short rotation. The study of the effect of green manure crops and collateral products in four-field crop rotations with a different set of crops on the change of soil fertility and productivity of crop rotations as a whole was carried out to this purpose. According to the results of the research, is provided the information on the effectiveness of improving the field crop rotations with short rotation with varying degrees of saturation by grain and tilled crops, that ensure the production of environmentally friendly products, reducing the cost of grain, improving the quality of marketable products. The study of the effect of alternation of crop in crop rotation in conditions of brief rotation on the soil water regime, productivity and economic efficiency showed that an increase in crop rotation productivity is observed in short-rotation crop rotations, if they are saturated by grain crops up to 100%, cereals crops reduction to 50% in crop rotations contributes to a decrease in crop productivity. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the research showed that with the correct construction of short rotational crop rotations, such problems as rational use of nutrients and soil moisture, control of weeds and pests of agricultural crops, improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increased efficiency in the use of fertilizers and equipment, Cheapening of the received agricultural product may be solved.

scholarly journals The influence of the methods of the main tillage and fertilizers on the agrochemical properties of chernozem

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Trofimova ◽  
Sergey Ivanovich Korzhov ◽  
Vladimir Petrovich Belogolovtsev ◽  
Sergey Anatolyevich Preymak
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Surface Distribution ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Agrochemical Properties

In experiments carried out on ordinary and leached chernozem, the effect of minimizing the methods of basic tillage and biologization on the fertility of these soils was analyzed. The studies were carried out in stationary and short-term experiments from 1984 to 2017. The effect of various methods and depths of the main tillage, autumn tillage systems, and fertilizers (mineral and organic) on the agrophysical, biological and agrochemical indicators of chernozem was studied. Refusal to carry out farewell processing in grain cultivating crop rotation leads to an increase in the differentiation of the arable layer, a decrease in the fertility of its lower part. The use of annual tillage in the crop rotation resulted in a decrease in the humus content in the soil layer of 0–40 cm by 0.17% (after fertilizers application) and by 0.22% (without fertilizers) compared to the dump processing by 20–22 cm. Organic fertilizers in a complex with minerals during farewell processing promotes an increase in the content of humus in comparison with the surface distribution during surface mulch tillage. A decrease in soil fertility and yield of cultivated crops without dump processing is proved.  

scholarly journals Nitrogen Supplying Capacity of Brown Forest Soil under Different Cropping Practices and 0.01 M CaCl2 Soluble Organic Nitrogen

2006 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
János Lazányi ◽  
Jakab Loch ◽  
István Henzsel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Green Manure Crops ◽  
Soluble Organic Nitrogen

The best known and most remarkable example of continuous production in Hungary is the Westsik’s crop rotation experiment, which was established in 1929, and is still in use to study the effects of organic manure treatment, to develop models, and predict the likely effects of different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields. In this respect, Westsik’s crop rotation experiment provides data of immediate value to farmers concerning the applications of green, straw and farmyard manure, as well as data sets for scientific research.Although commonly ignored, the release of nitrogen by root and green manure crops has a significant impact on soil organic matter turnover. The design of sustainable nitrogen management strategies requires a better understanding of the processes influencing nitrogen supplying capacity, as the effects of soil organic matter on soil productivity and crop yield are still very uncertain and require further research. In the treatments of Westsik’s crop rotation experiment, nutrients removed from soil through plant growth and harvesting are replaced either by fertilisers and/or organic manure. Data can be used to study the nitrogen supplying capacity of soil under different cropping systems and its effect on the 0.01 M CaCl2 soluble organic nitrogen content of soil.The aim of this paper is to present data on the nitrogen supplying capacity of brown forest soil from Westsik’s crop rotation experiment and to study its correlation with hundredth molar calcium-chloride soluble organic nitrogen. The main objective is to determine the effects of root and green manure crops on the nitrogen supplying capacity of soil under different cropping systems. The nitrogen supplying capacity was calculated as a difference of plant uptake, organic manure and fertiliser supply.The 0.01 M CaCl2 soluble organic nitrogen test has proved reliable for determining the nitrogen supplying capacity of soils. Brown forest soils are low in organic matter and in the F-1 fallow-rye-potato rotation, the nitrogen supplying capacity was 15.6 kg/ha/year. 0.01 M CaCl2 soluble organic nitrogen content was as low as 1.73 mg/kg soil. Roots and green manure increased the nitrogen supplying capacity of soil by more than 100%. This increase is caused by lupine, a legumes crop, which is very well adapted to the acidic soil conditions of the Nyírség region, and cultivated as a green or root manure crop to increase soil fertility.

scholarly journals Efficiency of using seeder crops for uncomplacing soil in the technology of cultivation of potato

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Anatoliy A. Ustroev ◽  
Evgeniy A. Murzaev
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Yellow Mustard ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Green Manure Crops

Relevance. The formation of the potato yield, along with a balanced diet, is significantly influenced by the physical condition of the soil, namely the hardness of the soil. As a basic option for soil decompaction, a technological method of soil cultivation to a depth of up to 40 cm using chiselless tools is currently used. As an alternative, biological means of soil decompaction can be used by introducing fields occupied by green manure crops into the crop rotation during the entire field season. The purpose of the research is to assess the effectiveness of a new technological method of soil decompaction, which consists in the use of green manure crops in potato crop rotation.Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out from June to August 2019 on the experimental field of the IAEP in the crop rotation of growing organic potatoes. The previous cultivation was autumn plowing of the field from under perennial grasses. Yellow mustard was used as a green manure — a fast-growing one-year green manure crop.Results. The results of experimental studies of the influence of sowing green manure (yellow mustard) on the change in soil hardness in a fallow field in a potato crop rotation are presented. The high efficiency of the studied biological method of soil decompaction was established, providing a decrease in hardness in the zone where the “plow sole” was previously noted from 4.8 to 2.5 MPa.

INFLUENCE OF ANNUAL GREEN MANURE CROPS ON POTATOES YIELD IN CROP ROTATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
N. M. Shalagina
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The results of effective use of green manure mixtures in aftereffect on potatoes - in crop rotation (green manure fallow - potatoes - potatoes) are presented. A positive balance for the crop rotation was formed for all nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). The highest nitrogen balance was observed in two-component mixtures of spring rape + spring vetch and white mustard + spring vetch, respectively 109.92 and 121.62 kg / ha. In terms of nitrogen, the excess of the balance with green manure mixtures in comparison with single-species crops was 8.34–87.29, for phosphorus, 22.73 and 73.37, and potassium, 8.8–51.4 kg / ha. At the beginning of the crop rotation (green manure fallow), the arable soil layer was characterized by a low content of nitrate nitrogen (6.2 mg / kg) and mobile phosphorus (25.1 mg / kg), in the third field (potatoes) there was an increased content of these elements 60–66 and 150–195 mg / kg, which indicated the effectiveness of a longer mineralization of the green manure mass. The number of macroaggregates in the soil by the end of the crop rotation averaged 75.8–78.9%, which is 2.8–3.6% higher than the original (green manure fallow). The soil density of the arable horizon averaged 0.60 g / cm3, which was optimal for the growth and development of potatoes. Improvement of agrochemical and physical properties of the soil contributed to a significant increase in potato yield in the aftereffect of green manure against the background (NPK) 90: the increase in comparison with the direct action was 74.4–51.7%; the yield ranged from 26.4 to 30.7 t / ha. The coefficient of energy efficiency in the aftereffect of two-component mixtures was 2.00 and 2.06, in single-species crops – 1.8.

scholarly journals THE USE OF GREEN FERTILIZERS AS ONE OF THE ASPECTS OF GREENING OF AGRICULTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
L. V. Rudakova ◽  
E. V. Kravtsova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Food Regimes ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The reproduction of natural soil fertility is the most important direction in solving the problem of sustainable development of agriculture and the entire agro-industrial complex. The realization of this direction should be considered together with greening of agriculture. Considering greening of agriculture, the agricultural ecosystem can be divided into the components and each component can be considered separately. The main aspects of greening of agriculture are alternative systems of agriculture, non-pesticide crop cultivation technologies, binary or mixed crops, constructing of crop rotations to supply the plants with the main nutrition elements, application of green manure crops to improve soil fertility, etc. Green manure crops are the plants which are grown to improve soil fertility and they are called ‘green manure’. Green manure crops decompose in the soil much faster than other organic fertilizers thereby supplying plants with nutrition elements better. Plowed green manure improves water, air and food regimes of soil, improves its fertility and grain crop productivity.

scholarly journals Of the ecological effects of green manure of binary mixtures on chernozem

2012 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
А. M. Grebennikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Green Manure Crops ◽  
Microbiological Properties

It is shown that the different composition of green manure in binary mixtures of sunflower, buckwheat and soybean can exert uneven effect on a set of soil properties which are vital for the fertility. The method is considered to construct the comparison variants for assessing the effects of mixing the green manure crops in agrocommunities on agrochemical, agrophysical and microbiological properties of soils. The close relationship was found between changes in these properties and indicators of productivity of green manure agrocommunities and the efficient soil fertility. Among the binary mixtures the soy + sunflower, buckwheat varieties Winged + sunflower and buckwheat varieties Demetra + sunflower are most promising for improving the fertility of chernozems.

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