scholarly journals Conserving Soil Fertility and Sustaining Crop Performance Via Soil Tillage Systems and Crop Rotation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (APRIL- JUNE) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Lamy. M. M. Hamed ◽  
Sara Fouda ◽  
Eman I.R. Emara
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Crop Performance

scholarly journals The influence of the methods of the main tillage and fertilizers on the agrochemical properties of chernozem

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Tatyana Aleksandrovna Trofimova ◽  
Sergey Ivanovich Korzhov ◽  
Vladimir Petrovich Belogolovtsev ◽  
Sergey Anatolyevich Preymak
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Surface Distribution ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Agrochemical Properties

In experiments carried out on ordinary and leached chernozem, the effect of minimizing the methods of basic tillage and biologization on the fertility of these soils was analyzed. The studies were carried out in stationary and short-term experiments from 1984 to 2017. The effect of various methods and depths of the main tillage, autumn tillage systems, and fertilizers (mineral and organic) on the agrophysical, biological and agrochemical indicators of chernozem was studied. Refusal to carry out farewell processing in grain cultivating crop rotation leads to an increase in the differentiation of the arable layer, a decrease in the fertility of its lower part. The use of annual tillage in the crop rotation resulted in a decrease in the humus content in the soil layer of 0–40 cm by 0.17% (after fertilizers application) and by 0.22% (without fertilizers) compared to the dump processing by 20–22 cm. Organic fertilizers in a complex with minerals during farewell processing promotes an increase in the content of humus in comparison with the surface distribution during surface mulch tillage. A decrease in soil fertility and yield of cultivated crops without dump processing is proved.  

scholarly journals The Effect of Various Tillage Systems on Productivity of Narrow-Leaved Lupin-Winter Wheat-Winter Triticale-Winter Barley Rotation

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Panasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Faligowska ◽  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
Jerzy Szukała ◽  
Karolina Ratajczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Winter Triticale

Legumes are increasingly important crops in most European Union (EU) countries because of the growing demand for feed protein, and also because they have been shown to improve the characteristics of soil. The main part of the crop rotation is taken up by cereals, but they are connected with undesirable side effects, such as the unilateral utilization of ingredients and the heightened risk of plant diseases, e.g., Fusarium. Simplification of farming methods has become increasingly popular as growers search for cheaper production technologies. However, the effects of long-term simplification in tillage practices on the production and economics of narrow-leafed lupine (NL) cultivation have not been studied. In 2012–2016, we carried out a field experiment in Poland with a one-factorial design with four replications. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the productivity effect of conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT) on NL-winter wheat (WW)-winter triticale (WT)-winter barley (WB), rotation. Our results show that the productivity of this crop rotation was lower under RT and NT systems than under CT. From a practical point of view, the reduction of cultivation in rotation with 75% of cereals caused a decrease in yield in all species, which can result in resign of using the RT and NT in conditions of Albic Luvisols soil, as classified according to the World Reference Base (WRB). The highest incomes were found when the CT system was used with NL. Although income losses exceeded the value of savings in both minimalized soil tillage systems (RT and NT), all tillage systems of NL were profitable.

Approaches to definition of complex influence of major components of agriculture on productivity agrophytocenoses and soil fertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (90) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
P.I. Boyko ◽  
D.V. Litvinov ◽  
N.G. Buslaeva ◽  
N.P. Kovalenko ◽  
O.V. Demidenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Main Factors

The purpose - to determine the most productive crop rotation with a corresponding set, ratio and placement of field crops for different ways of basic soil tillage, fertilizer levels and weather conditions. Identify the main parts of the interplay of farming on soil fertility, productive and sustainable land use. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and analytical. Conclusions. U article summarizes experimentally developed and theoretically grounded and economically approved agri-environmental and biological basis of efficiency scientifically based crop rotation of different rotation group left bank steppe of Ukraine with optimal saturation ratio and placement agrophytocenoses depending on fertilization, tillage methods that enhances fertility and stabilization soil, increase quality agricultural products obtained by reducing the cost of its production. Objective scientific information that could serve as a basis for the development of modern agriculture can only be obtained by an integrated approach to the formulation of research in the field of long multifactor stationary experiment, conducted in the NSC "Institute of Agriculture NAAS." Establishing quantitative patterns of action the main factors in its comprehensive and manifestation of the separation opens up opportunities to create sustainable crop production technologies and development of soil fertility management. Besides great theoretical interest, they immediately practical. Long-term studies (1975-2015 gg.) Typical black soil unstable wetting left-bank forest-steppe Drabiv Experimental Station (now the experimental field) Cherkassy DSHDS NSC "Institute of Agriculture NAAS" set action and mutual influence of crop rotation, fertilizers, basic soil, weather agrophytocenoses on productivity and soil fertility. In view of climate change and market relations, ecological factor rotation is stabilizing soil-plant system for current and future agriculture. It selectively acts on mutual share of productivity crops grown on various soil cultivation technologies, reveals the features of formation of indicators of soil fertility, especially the humus balance and quality. The leading factor in the performance of field crop rotation is: after placing the best predecessors in the application of optimal doses of fertilizers and differentiated cultivation provides a stable grain yield at 5.5-6.5 t / ha. Collecting fodder units 1 hectare of crop rotation area was 10.8 and digestible protein 0,68-0,70 t / ha. Preference is for crop rotation with cereals 80%: 20% peas, 20 - winter wheat, 40% corn. In terms Panfyly research station on the same soil in average for 2004-2013 years. Short rotation driving and the effects of crop rotation and use of fertilizers on the characteristics of water and nutritious regime of soil, humus balance and nutrients, microbial activity processes, weed-infested state of agricultural crops. The meaning of income and quality of plant residues. The dependence of productivity, economic and energy efficiency different rotation types of field rotation. The technique for conducting reconstruction programs researching and the portion of the main factors of interference farming system and weather conditions on land use management.

scholarly journals Efficiency of crop rotation under long-term application of basic tillage systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
N. V. Perfilyev ◽  
O. A. Vyushina
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Tillage Systems

An assessment is given of the long-term impact of basic tillage systems of various degrees of intensity on the yield and economic efficiency of production in the cultivation of cereals in grainfallow crop rotation. The study was carried out in 2017–2019 in a long-term stationary experiment on dark grey forest heavy loamy soil in Tyumen region. The experiments were carried out during the seventh rotation of the grain-fallow crop rotation: bare fallow – winter rye – spring wheat – spring wheat – spring barley, spread in time and space. In years with high temperatures and good rainfall, close to the average annual rainfall, resource-saving tillage systems with disk harrowing BDT-2.5 by 10-12 cm and stubble-mulch tillage by 12-14 cm with and without fertilizers led to a decrease in winter rye yield by 0.30-0.98 t/ha. Wheat yield against winter rye and barley was close to the variant with the moldboard tillage. There was a decrease in the yield of wheat sown repeatedly without the use of fertilizers by 0.04-0.40 t/ha. When fertilizers were used, the yield was equal to the control. The moldboard tillage without fertilizers was the most effective, with the net income of 14.92 thousand rubles/ha. Combined and surface soil tillage systems were similar in efficiency to the moldboard tillage (inferior by 4.3-6.6%). The most effective cultivation of cereals with the use of fertilizers was by minimum combined tillage with alternating plowing and disk harrowing, with the net income of 17.74 thousand rubles/ha, which was 13.4% higher compared to moldboard plowing. Differentiated, stubble-mulch and combined tillage brought the net income close to the control. In the remaining options studied, the net income was lower than with the moldboard tillage: without fertilizers – by 1.26-2.44 thousand rubles/ha (8.5-16.3%), with the use of fertilizers – by 1.02-1.78 thousand rubles/ha (6.5-9.0%).

scholarly journals Resource-saving methods of fodder crop cultivation in the Trans-Baikal Territory

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
N. G. Pilipenko ◽  
O. T. Andreeva ◽  
L. P. Sidorova ◽  
N. Yu. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Resource Saving

The results of the study on the comparative assessment of different tillage methods in the field crop rotation with different levels of mineral nutrition (N30P30 and N60P30 kg of active ingredient/ ha) are presented. The experiment was carried out on low-humus low-carbonate chernozem of the forest-steppe zone of Eastern Trans-Baikal Territory in 2012–2014. The zoned variety of Buryatskaya-79 spring wheat, and Metis oat variety were used for sowing. Low-cost methods of soil tillage were studied, providing for the preservation and improvement of soil fertility, an increase in the productivity of grain and fodder crops, and a decrease in material and energy costs. Replacement of the basic tillage with a PN-4-35 plow with a ring roller in the third and fourth crop rotation fields by surface tillage with a Stepnyak-7.4 cultivator and direct sowing on the stubble with a PPM Ob4-ZT seeder when applying mineral fertilizers at a rate of N60P30 kg of active ingredient/ha had a positive effect on the condition of the soil. The following indicators of soil fertility were achieved: structural coefficient 1.28–1.38, organic matter content 3.15–3.33%, productive moisture content in the 0–50 cm layer 29.2–31.8 mm, the release of carbon dioxide 1.810–1.969 kg per 1 hour, the content of Р2О5 in the 0–20 cm layer 71–96 mg/kg of soil, the content of K2O – 57–82 mg/kg of soil. An increase in the yield of oat grain of 0.16–0.21 t/ha, the green mass of annual grasses of 3.44.0 t/ha, the collection of feed units of 0.32–0.34 t/ha, a reduction in the cost of fuel and lubricants by 31.2-36.4%, and an increase in profitability by 25.0–40.3% were achieved.

scholarly journals RESEARCH REGARDING THE EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVATION IN DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOIL COMPACTION, ACCUMULATION AND WATER STORAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Cheţan ◽  
Cornel Cheţan ◽  
Felicia Mureşanu ◽  
Loredana Suciu ◽  
Ioana Crişan
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Made In

In the last years there has been a slight increase in average annual temperatures, as well as a high fluctuation in the distribution of rainfall, thus the reduction of the effects of atmospheric and pedological drought is part of the reasons that determine the orientation towards new variants of soil tillage. The experiment conceived and performed at ARDS Turda includes four variants of soil tillage: plow with the turn of the furrow (CS), chisel (MT), disk (MD) and no tillage (NT), in a 3-year crop rotation of soybean - winter wheat - maize. The momentary water reserve was higher in the MD and NT system compared to the CS, MT. The specific resistance of the soil to penetration (Rp) in NT, MD are higher compared to the CS and MT systems. Soybeans can be cultivated in a MT, the yield difference compared to the CS is 107 kg/ha. Compared to CS (66.5 L/ha) significant reductions of diesel consumption are made in the MD system (21 L/ha) and in the NT (31.7 L/ha).

Soil fertility and nutrient budget after 23-years of different soil tillage systems and winter cover crops in a subtropical Oxisol

Geoderma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Tiecher ◽  
Ademir Calegari ◽  
Laurent Caner ◽  
Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nutrient Budget ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

scholarly journals The impact of main tillage systems and fertilization for crops of a short crop rotation on agrochemical soil properties

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
I. Prymak ◽  
O. Panchenko ◽  
M. Voytovik ◽  
I. Panchenko ◽  
V. Karpenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Protective System ◽  
The Impact

The problem statement. For the last two decades in Ukraine a fast decrease in chornozemic soil fertility, especially a decline of its agrochemical properties, has been noticed. One of the way of improvement its fertility is to develop and implement scientifically-based resource-saving and soil-protective system of tillage operations along with rational fertilization of field crops on the tilled soil. The aim of the research – with the help of a field experiment to define a rational system of main tillage and fertilization of typical chornozemic soil under a grain row five course rotation which provides 5,5 t/ha of dry matter from a tilled field under the expanded reproduction of agrochemical indices of soil fertility and appropriate energetic efficiency. Conclusions. Under disc and beardless tillage especially of fertilized areas a differentiation of tilled soil layer according to the agrochemical indices of its fertility is observed. A stabilization of humus and general nitrogen content as well as fertilizer elements in a tilled soil layer occurs under application of 8 t/ha of pus + N76P64K57. The efficiency of humification processes in soil is the lowest under disc tillage and the highest under beard-beardless and beard tillage in a crop rotation. Along with the increase of soil depth of its tilled layer, annual decrease of its general nitrogen supply on the untilled areas under beard and differential tillage falls down. However, under beardless and disc tillage it increases. An inverse relation is observed on the untilled areas. Under beard and beard-beardless tillage almost the same crop rotation productivity was obtained, while under beardless and disc tillage the productivity was significantly lower. For a field grain row five course crop rotation of Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine a deep arable tillage is recommended only in one filed, and in the rest fields beardless and disc tillage with the application of 8 tones of pus per hectare of tilled field + N76P64K57 under a common reproduction and 12 t/ha of pus + N95P82K57 under expanded reproduction of typical chornozemic soil fertility is recommended. Key words: soil, tillage, crop rotation, fertilizers, fertility, rotation.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL GRAIN QUALITIES OF SPRING COMMON WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF SOIL TILLAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
A. L. Pakul ◽  
N. A. Lapshinov ◽  
G. V. Bozhanova ◽  
V. N. Pakul
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Spring Common Wheat

The work presents the results of the research into studying technological qualities of the grain of spring common wheat, variety Siberian Alliance, depending on the soil tillage system in grain-fallow crop rotation. The research was conducted in the northern forest-steppe of Kuznetsk Depression in the experimental plot established in 1974, in a fourcourse grain-fallow crop rotation (fallow – wheat – peas – pure barley and barley intercropped with melilot). Various soil tillage systems were applied: deep moldboard, deep combined, minimum combined, minimum moldboard. The study of grain quality took place on crops of spring common wheat by three preceding crops on bare fallow and greenmanured fallow with rape and melilot. The soil of the experimental plot was characterized as leached chernozem, medium-textured, medium humus, heavy-loam. The humus content in an arable layer was 8.2%. Crops of spring common wheat were sown with all types of soil tillage systems by the multifunction tillage and sowing machine Tom’5.1. Optimum conditions for obtaining grain of spring common wheat of high quality were formed on green-manured fallow with intercropping of melilot and rape by moldboard and minimum combined soil tillage. On average, the mass of 1000 grains amounted to 37.0-37.4 g, in 2017 – 41.0 g, natural weight – 725-751 g/l, hardness – 80-81%, content of crude gluten – 32-33%, mass fraction of protein – 15.2-15.3%. Positive correlations between indices of grain quality, r = 0,40700,6594 were established. According to the State Standard Specification P 52554-2006, cultivar of common spring wheat Siberian Alliance confirms its belonging to the strong wheat type by the quality indices obtained.

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