scholarly journals Usefulness of basic laboratory parameters for monitoring during the perianesthetic period for selected ophthalmic operations in mesaticephalic and brachycephalic dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 666-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wrzesińska ◽  
Włodzimierz Kluciński ◽  
Magdalena Garncarz
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ophthalmologic Examination

The aim of this study was to compare the usefulness of laboratory diagnostic parameters dedicated for general anesthesia in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic dogs. The study was performed on two groups of dogs of 112 animals each, representing two different morphotypes, brachycephalic and mesaticephalic ones, which underwent general anesthesia with medetominidine, midazolam, propofol and isoflurane. Before and after anesthesia, the dogs underwent basic haematological and biochemical tests. In 18% of mesaticephalic dogs and 16% of brachycephalic dogs, the results of laboratory blood tests show a significant increase in the activity of liver enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), even though the animals showed no clinical signs other than those recognized in ophthalmologic examination. This demonstrates the presence of subclinical hepatic changes in these animals. Moreover, general anesthesia had a greater negative impact on liver function if liver enzyme values had exceeded certain levels before the anesthesia (AST > 61 U/L, ALT > 91 U/L). This made it possible to define new, useful upper limit values of AST and ALT for subclinical dogs before anesthesia that could lead to more serious complications of liver function after anesthesia. Among all the examined parameters, it is beneficial to monitor the activity of AST, ALT and ALP during the perianesthetic period. In the postanesthesia monitoring, creatinine concentration should also be included.

scholarly journals Assessment of blood morphology, electrolyte level as well as kidney and liver function before and after leaving the water in a winter swimmers during the entire winter swimming season - a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Ptaszek ◽  
Jakub Marchewka ◽  
Andrzej Mikuśkiewicz ◽  
Patrycja Pietraszewska ◽  
Sylwia Przybyło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Electrolyte Level ◽  
Blood Morphology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject

Study aim: The aim of the study was to assess blood morphology, electrolyte level as well as indices of kidney function and the activity of selected liver enzymes determining liver function before and after exiting the water in a winter swimmer (“Walrus”) from the “Kaloryfer” (“Radiator”) Krakow Winter Swimming Club during the whole winter bathing season. Materials and methods: The subject of research was a winter swimmer from the “Radiator” Krakow Winter Swimming Club  a 53-year-old male. Blood was collected from the subject: at the beginning of the winter swimming season, during (five times) and at the end of the season (each time before and after getting out of the water); time maintaining in water: 10 minutes. Results: Analysing the average values of the indices before and after exiting the water, statistically significant increases were noted in AST [U/L] by 6.4% and LDH [U/L] by 2.45%, as well as a decrease in Na+ [mmol/l] by 1.14%, Clˉ [mmol/l] by 1.78% and urea [mmol/l] by 3.64%. Conclusions: Regular baths taken by the winter swimmers in cold water did not affect blood morphology indices and did not cause pathological changes in kidney profile. Furthermore, slight fluctuations regarding the concentration of electrolytes in the blood serum and changes in the hepatic profile additionally “externalised” health problems, which appeared prior to winter swimming.

Ramadan fasting improves liver function and total cholesterol in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ebrahimi ◽  
Bahram Pourghassem Gargari ◽  
Fereshteh Aliasghari ◽  
Foad Asjodi ◽  
Azimeh Izadi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious global health problem, thus the prevention and management of the disease is necessary. This study aimed to determine the effects of Ramadan Fasting (RF) on liver function, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) in these patients. Methods: Eighty-three NAFLD patients (57 males and 26 females) were enrolled in the study, 42 patients who practiced RF, between Jun 18 through July 17, 2015 and 41 patients in non-fasting groups. Anthropometric parameters and Ultrasound grading were measured before and after Ramadan. The biochemical parameters including lipid profiles (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides), liver enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, SGOT and Alanine aminotransferase, SGPT) were evaluated before and after Ramadan. AIP and VAI were calculated based on formula. Results: The mean decreases in anthropometric indices were significantly different between groups. Similarly, the mean decrease in the total cholesterol values in the fasting group was remarkably greater than in the control group (p = 0.02). The values of AIP and VAI decreased at the end of the study in both group and the mean of changes showed no differences between groups (p = 0.79 and p = 0.65 for AIP and VAI, respectively). The changes in the concentrations of liver enzymes, as well as the severity of hepatic steatosis, showed remarkable differences between groups (p = 0.03, p = 0.05, and p = 0.02 for SGOT and SGPT, and Liver steatosis, respectively). Conclusion: RF improved liver steatosis in NAFLD patients and might be useful in the management of NAFLD.

scholarly journals The Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography before and after Cholecystectomy

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Ganguli ◽  
TM Pasha ◽  
BT Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Before And After

Laparoscopy is the preferred approach for cholecystectomy; however the indications for pre- versus postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) are still evolving. The records of patients who had ERC performed one month before (n=119) or after (n=35) laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy from January 1990 to August 1992 (period 1), and 66 patients who had preoperative ERC from November 1995 to October 1996 (period 2) are reviewed. ERC indications, findings and outcomes were reviewed, and trends in the use of preoperative ERC from 1990 to 1996 were sought. Between periods 1 and 2 the yield of preoperative ERC increased from 36% to 58% (P<0.01). The use of preoperative ERC for the indication of abnormal liver enzymes declined (P<0.05), while the yield increased (25% versus 61%, P<0.01). Both the use of ERC and the yield remained stable for other indications. ERC was felt to have changed the surgical approach in 5% of patients. Primary indications for postoperative ERC (n=35) included abnormal intraoperative cholangiography (43%), liver function test abnormalities (23%) and recurrence of preoperative symptoms (14%); stones were found in 60%, 50% and 20% of patients with these indications, respectively. Overall, 46% of postoperative studies revealed duct stones. The roles for pre- and postoperative ERC are changing and depend greatly on the relative laparoscopic and endoscopic expertise at a given institution.

Migration Patterns and Labor Market Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anda David ◽  
Mohamed Ali Marouani
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spatial Composition

This chapter focuses on the external effects of emigration on non-migrants, and particularly on the interactions with labor market outcomes in Tunisia before and after the revolution. Using the new Tunisia Labor Market Panel Survey (TLMPS), we conduct an in-depth analysis of the structure and dynamics of migration, including the profile of migrants and their origin households, mainly in terms of skills and spatial composition. We investigate transition matrices, employment status, income for current migrants and returnees, and the evolution of remittances. Our analysis confirms the role of emigration as a safety valve for the Tunisian labor market. Moreover, origin households of migrants have a significantly higher wealth index. Our analysis also tends to confirm the effects of remittances on labor supply of non-migrants, which can have a negative impact on Tunisia’s unemployment rate when a crisis in destination countries affects the remittance rate negatively.

scholarly journals Halitosis in Children Undergoing Full Mouth Rehabilitation under General Anesthesia

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Noura A. AlMadhi ◽  
Ayman M. Sulimany ◽  
Hamad A. Alzoman ◽  
Omar A. Bawazir
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Parental Consent ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Breath Sample ◽  
Volatile Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Full Mouth Rehabilitation ◽  
Volatile Sulfur

Interventions and management modalities of pediatric halitosis have been suggested in the literature, however, the effect of full mouth rehabilitation (FMR) under general anesthesia (GA) on pediatric halitosis was not reported. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate parents’ perceptions of their child’s halitosis before and after FMR under GA; and to evaluate the effect of FMR on clinical halitosis. Fifty-seven children between 3–8 years old, scheduled for FMR under GA, were included after satisfying the inclusion criteria and upon parental consent. Parents’ perception of halitosis in their children was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire and a breath sample was collected to assess the level of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) using OralChromaTM before and after FMR under GA. Sixty percent (n = 34) of the parents perceived halitosis in their children before FMR and about 80% (n = 27) of them reported improvement in halitosis after FMR. Clinical halitosis was detected in 84.2% (n = 48) of the sample before treatment. A statistically significant reduction in halitosis was found in 56.3% (n = 27) of the children after treatment (p < 0.001). In conclusion, majority of parents perceived an absence or reduction of halitosis in their children following FMR and significant improvement of clinical halitosis.

Impact of Dividend Tax Change on the Payout Policy of Indian Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1282-1291
Author(s):  
Sanjay Dhamija ◽  
Ravinder Kumar Arora
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Payout Policy ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Dividend Payout ◽  
Inside Ownership ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dividend Tax

The article examines the impact of regulatory changes in the tax on dividends on the payout policy of Indian companies. The tax law was recently amended to levy tax on dividends received by large shareholders. As the promoters group is the largest shareholder, this is expected to have a negative impact on the payout policy of companies. Furthermore, companies with larger promoter holdings have a higher motivation to reduce their payout. The study covers 370 companies present in the BSE 500 Index and compares the dividend payout of the companies before and after the introduction of tax levy. The study finds that the newly introduced tax indeed caused a shift in the dividend policy of companies, particularly those companies which have high levels of inside ownership. The findings have significant implications for companies, investors and the government.

Spouse Caregivers' Perceptions of Influence of Dementia on Marriage

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Eloniemi-Sulkava ◽  
Irma-Leena Notkola ◽  
Kaija Hämäläinen ◽  
Terhi Rahkonen ◽  
Petteri Viramo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spouse Caregivers ◽  
Dementing Illness ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Patients Experience

Objectives: To investigate what kind of changes spouse caregivers of demented patients experience after the onset of dementia (a) in the general atmosphere, happiness, and relations of marriage and (b) in the sexual side of marriage. Design: Semistructured telephone interviews of spouse caregivers of demented patients. Setting: Community-living demented patients and their spouse caregivers in eastern Finland. Participants: The spouse caregivers of 42 demented patients recruited from a previous intervention study. Measures: The questionnaire covered different areas of marriage from the time before and after the onset of dementia. Results: A statistically significant decline had occured in extent of happiness (p = .012), in equal relations (p = .001), and in patients' expressions of sexual needs (p < .001) when compared the time before and after dementia. Twenty-five (60%) of the caregivers reported that the demented patient had shown at least one negative sexual behavioral change during the course of dementia. Seven male patients (24%) had shown the behavioral symptom of constantly expressing need for making love. One in 10 caregivers had experienced positive sexual behavioral changes. In one third of the patients, the expressions of tenderness towards the caregiver had increased. Dementia did not affect significantly the general atmosphere of the marriage. Out of those still in home care, at 3 years from the onset of dementia, 19 couples (46%) continued to practice intercourse, at 5 years the number was 15 couples (41%), and at 7 years it had declined to 7 couples (28%). Conclusions: Dementing illness has a major negative impact on many dimensions of marriage. However, there are also positive changes and preserved aspects of marriage. Dementia seems to have a surprisingly little impact on whether the couple continues to have intercourse when compared with the general aging population.

scholarly journals Standardization of dot-ELISA for the serological diagnosis of toxocariasis and comparision of the assay with ELISA

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eide Dias Camargo ◽  
Paulo Mutuko Nakamura ◽  
Adelaide José Vaz ◽  
Marcos Vinícius da Silva ◽  
Pedro Paulo Chieffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dot Elisa ◽  
Stability Time

The dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) was standardized using somatic (S) and excretory-secretory (ES) antigens of Toxocara-canis for the detection of specific antibodies in 22 serum samples from children aged 1 to 15 years, with clinical signs of toxocariasis. Fourteen serum samples from apparently normal individuals and 28 sera from patients with other pathologies were used as controls. All samples were used before and after absorption with Ascaris suum extract. When the results were evaluated in comparison with ELISA, the two tests were found to have similar sensitivity, but dot-ELISA was found to be more specific in the presence of the two antigens studied. Dot-ELISA proved to be effective for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis, presenting advantages in terms of yield, stability, time and ease of execution and low cost.

scholarly journals Obturation Over an S1 ProTaper Instrument Fragment in a Mandibular Molar with Three Years of Follow-up

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Brito-Júnior ◽  
Yara Teresinha Correa Silva-Sousa ◽  
João Felipe Bonatto Bruniera ◽  
Carla Cristina Camilo ◽  
André Luis Faria-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

This case report describes root canal filling performed over a large S1 ProTaper file fragment in a second mandibular molar with irreversible pulpitis. An S1 ProTaper file was fractured during the instrumentation of the mesiobuccal canal. Approximately 10 mm of file fragment remained in the apical and middle thirds of the canal. The obturation was performed over this fragment using thermomechanically compacted gutta-percha and sealer. Radiographic findings and the absence of clinical signs and symptoms at 3-year follow up indicated successful treatment. Cone-beam computed tomography images revealed absence of periapical lesion and details of intracanal file fragment related to root fillings and apex morphology. In this case, the presence of a large intracanal fractured instrument did not have a negative impact on the endodontic prognosis during the follow up evaluation period.

scholarly journals Vegan Diet Advice Might Benefit Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: an Open Observational Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Chiarioni ◽  
Stefan Lucian Popa ◽  
Andrea Dalbeni ◽  
Carlo Senore ◽  
Daniel Corneliu Leucuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Function Tests

Background and Aims: The Western diet is rich in saturated fats, refined sugars and meat consistent with a high-energy load and secondary risk of increased metabolic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no data are available on potential benefit of vegan diets in NAFLD and/or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We aimed to study prospectively the effect of a vegan diet, excluding all animal products on liver chemistry in a group of consecutive NAFLD patients. Methods: This was a prospective, pilot study run on 40 consecutive patients affected by NAFLD. Eight subjects refused to join the study for poor diet palatability, leaving 32 patients (19 males, mean age 50 years), with abnormal measures of liver function who agreed to adhere to a vegan diet for six months. The caloric intake was tailored by the dietitian to obtain a weight loss ≥5% of body weight in overweight patients [body-mass index (BMI) ≥25] and ranged from 1500 Kcal to 1800 Kcal. Patients were contacted monthly by phone to reinforce diet and lifestyle advice and were seen at the gastrointestinal clinic when doubtful about diet advice. Results: At six-month follow-up, 6 subjects did not attend the clinic leaving only 26 patients for data analysis. Initial anthropometric values were mean weight 78 kg (range 52-95), mean body mass index (BMI) 26.8 Kg/m2 (range 20.3-31.2). Liver function tests showed mean ALT value 99 U/L (SD±45), mean AST value 54 U/L (SD±44), mean GGT value 160 U/L (SD±122), pre-treatment. After six months mean body weight was 73 Kg (range 52-87), mean BMI was 25.2 Kg/m2 (range 20.3-29.7) (p<0.001 compared to baseline for both parameters). Liver enzymes improved to a mean of ALT value 36 U/L (SD±21), AST value 27 U/L (SD±10) and GGT value 55 U/L (SD±57), respectively (p<0.001 compared to baseline for all enzymes). Normalization of liver function tests as a whole was observed in 20/26 patients (76.9%). A loss of ≥ 5% of body weight was observed in 12 patients (46.1%), but it did not correlate with the normalization of liver function tests (p=0.5). Conclusions: Our data provide preliminary evidence of improved liver enzymes in NAFLD patients with a strict vegan diet and although our study sample is limited, decreased body weight did not seem critical to the outcome.

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