scholarly journals Histopathological picture of pancreatic islets in dogs with congenital portosystemic shunt

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (01) ◽  
pp. 6342-2020
Author(s):  
JAN FRYMUS ◽  
PIOTR TRĘBACZ ◽  
MAŁGORZATA SOBCZAK-FILIPIAK ◽  
MICHAŁ CZOPOWICZ ◽  
BEATA DEGÓRSKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Congenital Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽  
Islet Size ◽  
Average Size

Hypoglycemia is frequently found in dogs suffering from portosystemic shunt (PSS). However, the mechanisms leading to abnormal blood glucose concentration in such dogs have not been studied. Therefore, investigations were undertaken to study the structure of pancreatic islets in 25 patients with congenital PSS (cPSS). Material for morphometry and histopathology was taken during the surgical closing of the abnormal blood vessel. A total of 75 islets (3 randomly chosen from each patient) were analyzed, and their average size was compared to reference values for dogs that were considered as 50-325 μm. The average size of 47 (63%) islets was below 50 μm, whereas the mean dimension of the largest islet did not exceeded 80 μm. The average islet size in all patients was 46 (SD 13.3) μm and in only 2 dogs (8%) all 3 analyzed islets were bigger than the lower reference value. Histopathological examination revealed cytoplasmic vesicles in pancreatic cells, as well as extracellular, homogenous, acidophilic deposits in pancreatic islets. These results indicate that in dogs suffering from cPSS the pancreatic islets are smaller than the reference values and their cells may contain abnormal structures.

scholarly journals From evidence to practice: development of web-based Dutch lipid reference values

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Nurmohamed ◽  
D. Collard ◽  
J. W. Balder ◽  
J. A. Kuivenhoven ◽  
E. S. G. Stroes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Cascading Style Sheets ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Introduction In the Netherlands, the total number of yearly measured lipid profiles exceeds 500,000. While lipid values are strongly affected by age and sex, until recently, no up-to-date age- and sex-specific lipid reference values were available. We describe the translation of big-cohort lipid data into accessible reference values, which can be easily incorporated in daily clinical practice. Methods Lipid values (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) from all healthy adults and children in the LifeLines cohort were used to generate age- and sex-specific percentiles. A combination of RStudio, Cascading Style Sheets and HyperText Markup Language was used to interactively display the percentiles in a responsive web layout. Results After exclusion of subjects reporting cardiovascular disease or lipid-lowering therapy at baseline, 141,611 subjects were included. On the website, input fields were created for age, sex and all main plasma lipids. Upon input of these values, corresponding percentiles are calculated, and output is displayed in a table and an interactive graph for each lipid. The website has been made available in both Dutch and English and can be accessed at www.lipidtools.com. Conclusion We constructed the first searchable, national lipid reference value tool with graphical display in the Netherlands to use in screening for dyslipidaemias and to reduce the underuse of lipid-lowering therapy in Dutch primary prevention. This study illustrates that data collected in big-cohort studies can be made easily accessible with modern digital techniques and preludes the digital health revolution yet to come.

scholarly journals Distribution of extrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunt morphology in predisposed dog breeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Van den Bossche ◽  
Frank G van Steenbeek ◽  
Robert P Favier ◽  
Anne Kummeling ◽  
Peter AJ Leegwater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Congenital Portosystemic Shunt

Congenital and acquired cardiovascular disorders associated with congenital portosystemic shunt: A disease may hide another…

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Virginie Lambert ◽  
Delphine Ladarre ◽  
Feriel Fortas ◽  
Pierre Hervé ◽  
Emmanuel Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portosystemic Shunt ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Congenital Portosystemic Shunt

scholarly journals Assessment of oxygen-uptake efficiency slope in healthy children and children with heart disease: Generation of appropriate reference values for the OUES variable

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos AC Hossri ◽  
Isabela PM Alves de Souza ◽  
Joana ST de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz E Mastrocola
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope

Background Oxygen-uptake efficiency slope (OUES) is an objective measure of functional capacity that does not require a maximal effort but is considerably dependent on anthropometric variables and requires the generation of an appropriate reference value in children. This study aimed to establish normal reference values for OUES/kg in children with and without congenital heart diseases. Besides that, reference values are presented secondarily for OUES per body surface area (OUES/BSA). Design Cross-sectional. Methods Six hundred and seventy-six children and adolescents performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (305 healthy controls and 371 individuals with congenital heart defect), between four and 21 years old (481 males and 195 females, with a mean age of 12 years). Results The OUES reference value for the classification of children and adolescents with normal functional capacity (>80% of predicted maximum oxygen uptake) was 34.63 (sensitivity 77% and specificity 83%, p < 0.05). Regarding the body surface area, considering healthy patients and those with heart disease, the cutoff value of the OUES/BSA was 1151 with sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 79%. Conclusions OUES/kg may be an important marker tool in the differentiation between preserved or abnormal functional capacity in children and adolescents with and without congenital heart disease, even at the submaximal level of exercise.

A model for the effect of bias for cholesterol on the population at risk.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2256-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Kroll ◽  
M Ruddel ◽  
R J Elin
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Methodological Bias ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The location of the Reference Value for an analyte within the population distribution affects the magnitude of error due to methodological bias. Using the gaussian distribution, we evaluated the effects of systematic and proportional biases of the method (positive and negative), mean value, and standard deviation on the magnitude of error. We chose four Reference Values for cholesterol as a model. For a population with a mean of 2.0 and SD of 0.36 g of cholesterol per liter, a 3% positive proportional bias causes sixfold more error at the 50th percentile than at the 97.5th. In general, the error for a given bias (proportional or systematic) is greater for a Reference Value within the body than at the tails of the distribution. Further, the magnitude of the error varies as a function of the mean and standard deviation of the population.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sediment contamination by trace elements and the zooplankton community analysis in area affected by gold exploration in Southeast (SE) of the Iron Quadrangle, Alto Rio Doce, (MG) Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Cláudia de Lima e Silva ◽  
Adivane Terezinha da Costa ◽  
Giovanni Guimarães Landa ◽  
Herton Fabrício Camargos Fonseca ◽  
Aléssio Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Gold Exploration ◽  
Local Reference ◽  
High Concentrations

AIM: The aim was to verify the geochemical composition of sediments samples (riverbed and bank) and the relationship of the following elements: Al, As, Cd. Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn with the zooplankton community. METHODS: Bank and riverbed sediments were collected in four sampling points along the studied area, in June/2010 (dry season) and March/2011 (rainy season). Three types of analysis were performed: granulometric, mineralogical (by X-Ray diffractometer) and geochemical (by ICPOES), where for the last two types, only a fraction of silt/clay (<0.062 mm) was used, and the results were compared with the following reference values: Local Reference Value (Costa et al., 2010), Quality Reference Values (São Paulo, 2005), PEC and TEC values (MacDonald et al., 2000). For identification of the zooplankton community, riverbed and bank samples were collected in polyethylene bottles, suspended with deionized water (bank sample only), stained with Rose Bengal and preserved in formalin at 4%. RESULTS: As concentrations at Col sampled point were 18 times greater than the Local Reference Value (3.84 mg.kg-1). Cd concentrations were greater than the values established by the QRV (<0.5 mg.kg-1) and PEC (4.98 mg.kg-1) in almost all the sampled points, regarding seasonality. The following zooplanktonic species were identified: Arcella costata (Ehrenberg, 1847), Arcella discoides (Ehrenberg, 1843), Arcella vulgaris (Ehrenberg, 1830), Centropyxis aculeata (Ehrenberg, 1838), Centropyxis ecornis (Ehrenberg, 1841), Difflugia sp., Difflugia acuminata (Ehrenberg, 1838), Euglypha laevis (Perty, 1849), Trynema enchelys (Ehrenberg, 1938), Asplanchna priodonta (Gosse, 1850), and Bedelloida, with, approximately 81% belonging to the Protozoa group. CONCLUSIONS: The studied area, with the exception of the Tripuí point, was found to be impacted by historical gold exploration in the region, as well as by the growing urbanization. Within the elements considered to be the most toxic to the biota, As and Cd violated all their reference values. In spite of high concentrations of major and trace elements encountered at downstream points, testacea species were identified, suggesting that this group has the capacity to adapt to adverse situations.

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