scholarly journals Mesolithic Sites in the Upper Tobol

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-910
Author(s):  
E. V. Podzuban
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Arrow Head ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
The Town

The article introduces prehistoric artifacts from the sites of Karasor-5, Karasor-6, and Karasor-7 obtained in 1998. The archaeological site of Karasor is located in the Upper Tobol region, near the town of Lisakovsk. Stone tools, pottery fragments, a ceramic item, and a bronze arrow head were collected from a sand blowout, which had destroyed the cultural layer. The paper gives a detailed description of the pottery. The stone tools were examined using the technical and typological analysis, which featured the primary splitting, the morphological parameters and size of plates, the ratio of blanks, plates, flakes, and finished tools, the secondary processing methods, and the typological composition of the tools. The nature of the raw materials was counted as an independent indicator. The pottery fragments, the bronze arrow head, and the ceramic item belonged to the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. The stone industry of the Karasor archeological cluster proved to be a Mesolithic monument of the Turgai Trough. The technical and typological analysis revealed a close similarity with the Mesolithic sites of the Southern and Middle Trans-Urals, as well as the forest-steppe part of the Tobol-Irtysh interfluve. The stone artifacts were dated from the Mesolithic to the Early Iron Age.

scholarly journals Karasor-3 Site in the Upper Tobol

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
E. V. Podzuban
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
The West ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
The Town ◽  
Archeological Site ◽  
Independent Indicator

The paper introduces a collection of prehistoric artifacts from Karasor-3 archeological site (1999). The Karasor cluster is located in the Upper Tobol region near the town of Lisakovsk, in the northern part of the Turgai depression, which connects the West Siberian and Turan plains. The Turgai depression borders on the Trans-Ural Plateau on the west and on the Kazakh hummocks and the Ulutau Mountains on the east. This environment does not contribute to the preservation of the cultural layer. As a result, the pottery and stone fragments found at the Karasor 3 site were collected from the surface. The article contains a detailed description of the pottery. The stone tools underwent a technical and typological analysis based on the products of primary splitting, morphological parameters and size of plates, the ratio of blanks and tools made of plates and flakes, methods of secondary processing, and typological composition of the tool kit. The nature of the raw materials was considered as an independent indicator. The stone industry of the Late Eneolithic era proved similar to the Tersek culture. The pottery ranged from the Late Eneolithic to the Early Iron Age.

scholarly journals Karasor-2 Site in the Upper Tobol

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-647
Author(s):  
E. V. Podzuban
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Affiliation ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
The Town

The present article introduces a collection of prehistoric material culture finds obtained at the Karasor-2 site during a stationary study of the Karasor archaeological site in 1998. A group of Karasor monuments is located near the town of Lisakovsk in the Upper Tobol river valley, which is in the northern Turgai depression. The territory of the Turgai depression connects the West Siberian and Turan plains. The Turgai depression borders on the Trans-Ural Plateau in the west and on the Kazakh hillocky area and the spur of the Ulutau mountains in the east. The local nature and geography destroy the cultural layer on the monuments. Thus, the finds represented by fragments of ceramics and stone products at the Karasor-2 site were collected from the surface, as the cultural layer had been destroyed. The article gives descriptive characteristics of the ceramics, while the stone tools were studied with the technical and typological method. Since the ceramic fragments are too small, the dating and cultural affiliation of the artifacts was based on the results of the technical and typological analysis of the stone tools. Most likely, the stone finds date back to the Mesolithic and Late Eneolithic periods. Most tools are similar to the stone industry of the Tersek culture and belong to the Eneolithic Age. The author believes that the time range of the stone tools and ceramics is from the Late Mesolithic to the Bronze Age.

scholarly journals NEW DATA ON THE DENTAL CHARACTERISTICS EXHIBITED BY THE POPULATION OF THE KULAYKA CULTURE IN THE NOVOSIBIRSK OB AREA

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
M.S. Kishkurno ◽  
A.V. Sleptsova
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dental Morphology ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article covers the results of a study on the odontological series from the Kamenny Mys burial ground (3rd–2nd centuries BC). In this work, we set out to study the genesis of the Kulay population of the Early Iron Age in the Novosibirsk Ob area. The main relations of the population with the groups of adjacent territories, as well as the nature of their interaction with the local groups, were determined. The odontological series from the Kamenny Mys burial ground includes the teeth of 24 individuals: 12 males, 6 females and 10 adult individuals whose gender could not be determined. The anthropological materials were examined according to a standard procedure, which involves the description of the tooth crown morphology considering the archaic features of the dental morphology. Also, an intergroup comparative analysis was performed via the method of the principal component analysis using the program STATISTICA version 10.0. It was established that the dental characteristics exhibited by the Kulayka population reveal signs of mixed European-Mongoloid formation with a significant predominance of the Eastern component. We compared the morphological characteristics of the sample with data obtained for the populations of the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. The intergroup comparison revealed the closest connection between the Bolshaya Rechka culture and the Kulayka group. The studied material provides anthropological confirmation of the interaction between Kulayka (taiga) and Bolshaya Rechka traditions (steppe), drawing on the data about the burial rite and ceramic complexes. The comparison of the Kulayka series with Bronze Age samples suggests that the forest-steppe populations occupying the territories of the Novosibirsk and Tomsk Ob and the Ob-Irtysh areas had no effect on the genesis of the Kulayka population. We suppose that the origins of the Kulayka population in the Novosibirsk Ob area should be traced to the populations from the West Siberian taiga of the Bronze Age, which is significantly complicated by the lack of sufficiently complete and representative series dating back to the specified period from the territory of the Middle Ob area. Further accumulation of anthropological material from the Middle Ob area will provide the opportunity to trace the genesis of taiga populations of the Early Iron Age.

Handles of Early Iron Age Cauldrons from Southwestern Siberia

2022 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
A. P. Borodovsky
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Summer Camps ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Southwestern Siberia ◽  
European Forest

Handles of Early Iron Age bronze cauldrons from southwestern Siberia are described with reference to their ritual meaning. Typological features, such as knobs, arcuate, or square shape, are relevant for dating. Two chronological groups are established: the Tagar (second half of the 1st millennium BC) and Xiongnu-Xianbei (late 1st millennium BC to early 1st millennium AD). The interpretation of handles depends on the context. At settlements (Turunovka-4) and in certain hoards (First Dzhirim) of the Late Bronze Age, they can belong to foundry scrap. However, handles occur in long-term ritual sites such as Aidashenskaya Cave, suggesting a different interpretation. Indeed, at Eastern European forest-steppe sites of the Xiongnu era, handles of cauldrons had been intentionally buried, most often near water sources, where the summer camps of nomadic herders were situated. A similar situation is observed in southwestern Siberia, from the Baraba forest-steppe to the Middle Yenisei valley.

scholarly journals METHODS OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN THE STUDY OF ANCIENT CERAMICS (Transition Time from the Bronze Epoch to the Early Age. South Western Siberian Plain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-385
Author(s):  
V. I. Molodin ◽  
L. N. Mylnikova
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
X Ray

The article publishes the results of studying the molding masses and the quality of firing ceramic vessels of the Linevo 1 site (transition time from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age). The research was carried out using the methods of natural sciences: petrographic, X-ray phase and thermal. Five groups of ceramics were identified in the ceramic complex of the site. The second — Late Irmenskaya culture is a continuation development of the autochthonous — Irmenskaya. Three others: Molchanovskaya, Samodelkinskaya and with features of the early Iron Age — are imported. Within the framework of one site Linevo 1, there were recorded the existence of two traditions of making molding masses: chamotte and granitoid. The second tradition has been singled out both for the Molchanovskaya ceramic group and for the Samodelkino group but they differ in the composition of rock fragments. It was calculated that most of the collection is made up of «transitional» forms, «forms of imitation». There are no identical or closely related products in terms of morphological features in the collection. Syncretism of the complex under consideration is evidence of the complex ethno-cultural composition of the inhabitants of the ancient settlement. It can be clearly traced as a local autochthonous component that grows on the Irmenskaya culture basis and the northern taiga, coming to the forest-steppe most likely from the southern taiga of the Ob River. Obviously the fifth group of ceramics is foreign. As for the Linevo settlement complex it generally confirms the tendency of the joint existence of various ceramic traditions of the forest-steppe, steppe and taiga circle of cultures already noted for the cultures of the transitional time of the West Siberian forest-steppe with the predominance of the Irmenskaya culture — Late Irmenskaya culture component. All the results obtained are objective in nature, since they are based not on visual definitions, but on petrographic, X-ray phase, thermal methods and mathematical miscalculations.

scholarly journals Results of field research of the settlement Firsovo-15 in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
I. A. Valkov ◽  
◽  
V. O. Saibert ◽  
V. E. Alekseeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Emergency Condition ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article is devoted to the results of field research in the autumn of 2020 at the settlement Firsovo-15. This archaeological site located in the in the Upper Ob region. The studied settlement complexes are mainly correlated with the Andronovo and Irmen cultures of the Bronze Age, as well as the Staroaleisk culture of the early Iron Age. For the first time, artifacts dating back to the Neolithic period were discovered on the settlement. The emergency condition of the settlement and the significant value of the materials obtained for the reconstruction of cultural and historical processes on the territory of the Upper Ob region allow us to consider the settlement Firsovo-15 promising for further research.

scholarly journals Lithic Industry of the Itomiura Site in the Lower Angara Region (Neolithic and Bronze Ages): Spatial Organization and Key Characteristics

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Gurulev ◽  
Liliya A. Maksimovich ◽  
Polina O. Senotrusova ◽  
Pavel V. Mandryka
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Industry Dynamics ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Lithic Industry ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article presents the results of the analysis of the collection of the Itomiura site located in the Lower Angara region. As for today, no markers or concepts of stone industry dynamics in the Neolithic and Bronze Age have been described for the territory of the Lower Angara region. The materials of the Itomiura site allow us to define some of these concepts. Based on the spatial distribution of findings in the cultural layer of the site, we identified 12 areas of concentration of stone pieces (clusters). The areas differ in their composition and types of economic and production activities held. Knapping areas with large amounts of debitage, unfinished items and used microcores predominate. There are also areas that are likely to be more associated with the use of stone tools and their rejuvenating. The combined occurrence of stone pieces with pottery fragments made it possible to distinguish several cultural and chronological complexes. The most clearly identifiable complexes are one with net-impressed pottery, previously dated to the late – final Neolithic period (4th – first half of the 3rd millennium BC), and another with “pearl-ribbed” pottery of the Bronze Age (2nd millennium BC). The Neolithic complex is characterized by the use of various siliceous raw materials. The Bronze Age complex is marked by a wide use of purple-burgundy sedimentary rocks, the specificity of the industry in this period is also created by a series of bifacial items and thinned preforms. Stone industries of both assemblages include a variety of expedient flake tools and microblade production products, represented by different prismatic and edge-faceted cores. The data obtained, with their further correlation with the materials of other sites, can be used for the further study of stone industries of the Lower Angara region and the development of the concept of regional paleocultural dynamics

scholarly journals Architectural Traditions of the Trans-Urals Forest- Steppe Population in the Early Iron Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Berlina S. ◽  
◽  
Tsembalyuk S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Pillar Structure ◽  
The Bronze Age

By the beginning of the Early Iron Age, under the influence of climatic and socio-political factors, the population of the forest-steppe had several traditions of housing construction. First of all, they were expressed in the variety of types of dwellings and techniques of their construction. During the Transition period from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, the population of the Itkul culture had small above-ground framed buildings. The Baitovo population that replaced them at the beginning of the Early Iron Age has already recorded two types of buildings — above-ground framed buildings and and dwellings with cribbed walls. In the Gorokhovo-Sargat time, an unprecedented flourishing of house construction is marked. The Gorokhovo population has buildings with the ‘zaplot’ walls (i.e., built using vertical wooden posts with a lengthwise recess in which timber logs or panels are inserted), and dwellings with cribbed walls, frame-and-pillar structure are widely distributed. The presence of certain standards and traditions in architecture can be traced. The population of the Sargat culture built at least five types of dwellings: insulated and light cone-shaped, those built in the frame-and-pillar technique, dwellings with ‘zaplot’ walls, and cribbed dwellings. A feature that has clearly manifested itself in Sargat housing construction is the articulation of several chambers, different in structure and functions, into one household complex. Keywords: Western Siberia; Early Iron Age; dwelling; Itkul Culture; Baitovo Culture; Gorokhovo Culture

scholarly journals The Post-dolmen Horizon in the Northwest Caucasus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Р. Эрлих
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Terminal Stage ◽  
The Bronze Age

Статья посвящена предварительной публикации археологического комплекса Шушук в Майкопском районе Республики Адыгея. Открытые в результате охранно-спасательных работ погребения и слой поселения пока не имеют близких аналогий на Северо-Западном Кавказе. Данный памятник относится к периоду между дольменной культурой эпохи средней и поздней бронзы и протомеотской группой памятников эпохи раннего железа. Автор предлагает для памятников данного типа термин «постдольменный горизонт», относит их к эпохе финальной бронзы и предварительно датирует в пределах второй половины II тыс. до н. э. The paper is devoted to preliminary publication of an archaeological site known as Shushuk in the Maykop district, Republic of Adygeya. In the course of rescue archaeological works graves and a cultural deposit of a settlement. At present no close analogies for the discovered site may be pointed to in the Northwest Caucuses. This site dates from the period between the dolmen culture of the Middle and Late Bronze Age and the proto-Maeotian group of sites of the Early Iron Age. The author suggests the following term to denote the sites of this type, namely, the post-dolmen horizon, and attributes them to the terminal stage of the Bronze Age (second half of II – beginning of I mill. BC).

scholarly journals Revisiting Prebuilding Dodona

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 404-410
Author(s):  
Eleni Vasileiou
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Dispersed Information

The aim of this paper is to put together the currently dispersed information about the occurrence of architectural remains at the archaeological site of Dodona during the so-called prebuilding phase, mainly at the end of the Late Bronze Age-Beginning of Early Iron Age through the reports and diaries of the site’s excavators. Moreover, the combination of the architectural remains with the portable finds will lead to suggestions about the site’s character during late prehistory. Was it a humble village inhabited by stockbreeders, or a hypaethral sanctuary?

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