scholarly journals Electric pulses decrease the growth activity of Erwinia amylovora bacterium

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Mai Mostafa ◽  
Fadel Ali ◽  
Naglaa Balabel
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
Growth Activity

Application of commercial test-systems to identify gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patyka ◽  
L. Butsenko ◽  
L. Pasichnyk
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Test System ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Facultatively Anaerobic ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Aim. To validate the suitability of commercial API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) for the identifi cation and characterization of facultative gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial isolates. Methods. Conventional mi- crobiological methods, API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Re- sults. The identifi cation results for Erwinia amylovora, Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pantoea agglome- rans isolates were derived from the conventional and API 20E test systems, which, were in line with the literature data for these species. The API 20E test-system showed high suitability for P. agglomerans isolates identifi cation. Although not all the species of facultatively anaerobic phytopathogenic bacteria may be identi- fi ed using API 20E test-system, its application will surely allow obtaining reliable data about their physiologi- cal and biochemical properties, valuable for identifi cation of bacteria, in the course of 24 h. Conclusions. The results of tests, obtained for investigated species while using API 20E test-system, and those of conventional microbiological methods coincided. The application of API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) ensures fast obtain- ing of important data, which may be used to identify phytopathogenic bacteria of Erwinia, Pectobacterium, Pantoea genera.

Fire Blight Susceptibility in Pyrus Germplasm from Eastern Europe

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. van der Zwet ◽  
R.L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Plant Exploration ◽  
Moderately Resistant

During 1976-1980, three plant exploration trips were made throughout eastern Europe in search of native Pyrus germplasm. A total of 384 accessions (231 from Yugoslavia, 86 from Romania, 43 from Poland, and 12 each from Hungary and Czechoslovakia) were collected as budwood and propagated at the National Plant Germplasm Quarantine Center in Glenn Dale, Md. Following 8 years of exposure to the fire blight bacterium [Erwinia amylovora (Burr.) Winsl. et al.], 17.49” of the accessions remained uninfected, 11.2% rated resistant, 6.8% moderately resistant, and 64.6% blighted severely (26% to 100% of tree blighted). Some of the superior accessions have been released for use in the pear breeding program.

Seasonal growth activity of local and foreign gracilarioid strains in Israel

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Levy ◽  
Michael Friedlander
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Growth Activity

New lateral flow immunoassay for on-site detection of Erwinia amylovora and its application on various organs of infected plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 101637
Author(s):  
S.C. Razo ◽  
I.V. Safenkova ◽  
N.V. Drenova ◽  
A.A. Kharchenko ◽  
Y.S. Tsymbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay

scholarly journals Plant nitrate supply regulates Erwinia amylovora virulence gene expression in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Farjad ◽  
Gilles Clément ◽  
Alban Launay ◽  
Roua Jeridi ◽  
Sylvie Jolivet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrate Supply

scholarly journals Isolation and efficacy of two bacterial strains antagonists of Erwinia amylovora and Pectobacterium carotovorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M’hamed BENADA ◽  
Boualem BOUMAAZA ◽  
Sofiane BOUDALIA ◽  
Omar KHALADI
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background The development of ecofriendly tools against plant diseases is an important issue in crop protection. Screening and selection process of bacterial strains antagonists of 2 pathogenic bacterial species that limit very important crops, Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of the fire blight disease, and Pectobacterium carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial potato soft rot, were reported. Bacterial colonies were isolated from different ecological niches, where both pathogens were found: rhizosphere of potato tubers and fruits and leaves of pear trees from the northwest region of Algeria. Direct and indirect confrontation tests against strains of E. amylovora and P. carotovorum were performed. Results Results showed a significant antagonistic activity against both phytopathogenic species, using direct confrontation method and supernatants of cultures (p<0.005). In vitro assays showed growth inhibitions of both phytopathogenic species. Furthermore, results revealed that the strains of S. plymuthica had a better inhibitory effect than the strains of P. fluorescens against both pathogens. In vivo results on immature pear fruits showed a significant decrease in the progression of the fire blight symptoms, with a variation in the infection index from one antagonistic strain to another between 31.3 and 50%, and slice of potato showed total inhibition of the pathogen (P. carotovorum) by the antagonistic strains of Serratia plymuthica (p<0.005). Conclusion This study highlighted that the effective bacteria did not show any infection signs towards plant tissue, and considered as a potential strategy to limit the fire blight and soft rot diseases.

scholarly journals Effects of providing artificial shade to pregnant grazing beef heifers on vaginal temperature, growth, activity, and behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleise M Silva ◽  
Lautaro R Cangiano ◽  
Thiago F. Fabris ◽  
Victoria R Merenda ◽  
Ricardo C Chebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Shade Treatment ◽  
Growth Activity ◽  
Gps Devices ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Vaginal Temperature

Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of providing artificial shade during summer on activity, behavior, and growth performance of pregnant grazing beef heifers. Thirty-six black-hided Angus and Angus crossbred pregnant heifers [418 ± 9 kg body weight (BW); approximately 90 d of gestation] were stratified by breed, blocked by BW, and allocated to 12 ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass pastures (Paspalum notatum Flüggé; 1.3 ha, n = 3 heifers/pasture) with or without access to artificial shade (SHADE vs. NO SHADE; 6 pastures each) for 7 wk during summer. The shade structures were composed of shade cloth (11 × 7.3 m length, 2.4 m height: 26.8 m 2 of shade per heifer). Shrunk BW was recorded on enrollment (d 0) and wk 7 (d 47), whereas full BW was obtained on wk 2 (d 14), 4 (d 28), and 6 (d 42) to assess average daily gain (ADG). Vaginal temperature was recorded for five consecutive days during wk 1, 3, 5, and 7 using an intravaginal digital thermo-logger, and individual GPS devices were used to quantify the use of shade for an 8-h period. Activity was monitored using automated monitoring devices (HR-LDn tags SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) through the experimental period. Vaginal temperature was lower (P &lt; 0.01) for heifers in the SHADE compared with heifers in the NO SHADE treatment from 1200 to 1600 h and 1100 to 1900 h for wk 1 and 3, respectively. Heifers in the SHADE treatment spent 70% of the 8-h period evaluated under the shaded structure. Provision of shade increased (P &lt; 0.01) daily lying time (11.4 ± 0.2 vs. 10.3 ± 0.2 h/d) and standing bouts per day (P &lt; 0.01; 12.6 ± 0.4 vs. 10.8 ± 0.4 bouts/d), whereas it reduced (P &lt; 0.01) standing bout duration (61.6 ± 3.0 vs. 82.9 ± 3.0 min/bout) relative to heifers without access to shade. The interaction between treatment and hour affected (P &lt; 0.01) daily rumination time because heifers with access to SHADE had greater rumination between 1000 and 1200 h. Although ADG tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for the heifers in the SHADE treatment (0.20 vs. -0.02 kg, respectively), the access to shade did not (P = 0.79) affect the final BW. In conclusion, providing artificial shade during summer to pregnant grazing beef heifers was effective in reducing vaginal temperatures and exerted changes in heifer behaviors that translated into slight improvements in growth performance.

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