ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OLEAGINOUS MARINE YEAST PRODUCING OF FATTY ACIDS

ABSTRACT Unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) biosynthesis is essential for the maintenance of membrane structure and function in many groups of anaerobic bacteria. Like Escherichia coli, the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae produces straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids. In E. coli UFA synthesis requires the action of two gene products, the essential isomerase/dehydratase encoded by fabA and an elongation condensing enzyme encoded by fabB. S. pneumoniae lacks both genes and instead employs a single enzyme with only an isomerase function encoded by the fabM gene. In this paper we report the construction and characterization of an S. pneumoniae 708 fabM mutant. This mutant failed to grow in complex medium, and the defect was overcome by addition of UFAs to the growth medium. S. pneumoniae fabM mutants did not produce detectable levels of monounsaturated fatty acids as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography analysis of the radiolabeled phospholipids. We also demonstrate that a fabM null mutant of the cariogenic organism Streptococcus mutants is a UFA auxotroph, indicating that FabM is the only enzyme involved in the control of membrane fluidity in streptococci. Finally we report that the fabN gene of Enterococcus faecalis, coding for a dehydratase/isomerase, complements the growth of S. pneumoniae fabM mutants. Taken together, these results suggest that FabM is a potential target for chemotherapeutic agents against streptococci and that S. pneumoniae UFA auxotrophs could help identify novel genes encoding enzymes involved in UFA biosynthesis.

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Isolation and characterization of unsaturated fatty acids during bacteriorhodopsin preparation from Halobacterium halobium

Letters in Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02179.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 258-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Li ◽

J. Chen

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Halobacterium Halobium ◽

Isolation And Characterization

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Study of color stability of tall oil fatty acids through isolation and characterization of minor constituents

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.1007/bf02901816 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 28-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

David B. S. Min ◽

Sherman S. Lin ◽

Stephen S. Chang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Color Stability ◽

Tall Oil ◽

Minor Constituents ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Tall Oil Fatty Acids

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Glycolipids of soft wheat flour. I. Isolation and characterization of 1-O-(6-O-acyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,3-di-O-acyl-D-glyceritols and phytosteryl 6-O-acyl-β-D-glucopyranosides

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v68-508 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 46 (19) ◽

pp. 3071-3077 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

D. V. Myhre

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Periodate Oxidation ◽

Soft Wheat ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Borohydride Reduction ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Sodium Borohydride Reduction ◽

Group 1

Two groups of glycolipids were isolated from soft wheat flour. The first group, 1-O-(6-O-acyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)-2,3-di-O-acyl-D-glyceritols (1), was saponified to yield fatty acids and 1-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glyceritol in the molar ratio 3:1. Methylation of 1 followed by saponification of the methylated product gave 1-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-β-D-galactosyl)-D-glyceritol which provided 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactose and glyceritol upon hydrolysis. In periodate oxidation studies 1 consumed two moles of oxidant and yielded tri-O-acyl dialdehydes (6) without liberating fatty acids. Sodium borohydride reduction of 6 followed by saponification, acid hydrolysis, and another borohydride reduction gave glyceritol and ethylene glycol in the expected manner.The second group of glycolipids, phytosteryl 6-O-acyl-β-D-glucopyranosides, was methylated and the products were saponified to give phytosteryl 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-β-D-glucopyranosides (12) and fatty acids. Methanolysis of 12 gave principally β-sitosterol, campesterol, and methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-α- and β-D-glucosides.

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