THE IRRIGATION BEHAVIOR OF WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS' MEMBERS IN SINORES DISTRICIT IN FAYOUM GOVERNORATE (A CASE STUDY OF GARFAS EL-WESTANY WATER USER ASSOCIATION)

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1965-1987
Author(s):  
HEBA E. SALAMA
Keyword(s):  
User Association ◽  
Water User Associations ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Fayoum Governorate

scholarly journals Stakeholder engagement in a water user association for agricultural irrigation management in the villages in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustinsyah Rustinsyah ◽  
Ratna A. Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
User Association ◽  
Agricultural Irrigation ◽  
Water User Associations ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal Stakeholders

Abstract The fostering and empowerment of water user associations (WUAs) has been regulated by the Minister of Agriculture since 2012. However, the implementation of this guideline varies. Some water user associations have achieved improvement, while some others have not. This study discusses how a WUA in the villages that use Bengawan Solo River water has successfully managed the irrigation. One of the factors leading to the success of this WUA is the stakeholder engagement in the agricultural irrigation management and farm business. This study was conducted from June 2016 to June 2017 by employing a qualitative approach. It aimed to identify and understand the stakeholder engagement in agricultural irrigation management by: 1) conducting an analysis on stakeholder power and interest indices, 2) mapping the positions, responsibilities, and obligations of stakeholders, and 3) identifying the stakeholder engagement in agricultural irrigation management. The research results are as follows: a) the analysis using Likert scale showed that the power index reached a value of 0.76, while the interest index reached a value of 0.78; b) the mapping of internal stakeholders, especially the responsibilities and obligations, has been regulated under the Articles of Incorporation of WUAs and obligations of external stakeholders, especially the government in making government regulations, irrigation infrastructure support, and flood prevention; c) cooperation of the stakeholders has an important role in the agricultural irrigation management and in solving the problems faced by WUAs.

scholarly journals Governing Water Resource Allocation: Water User Association Characteristics and the Role of the State

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2436
Author(s):  
Alejandra Engler ◽  
Oscar Melo ◽  
Francisca Rodríguez ◽  
Bárbara Peñafiel ◽  
Roberto Jara-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
User Association ◽  
Water User Associations ◽  
Water User ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Water

Water, as a common pool resource, is threatened by the possibility of overextraction generating a negative economic impact, conflicts among users, and greater income inequality. Scholars have discussed different governance approaches to deal with this threat, including centralized governance and self-governance, and lately, special attention has been paid to the interactions between formal institutions (the state) and local water user associations and how this promotes self-governance. The aim of this paper was to examine the adoption of Ostrom’s design principles present in the legal norms dictated in the Chilean Water Code by water user associations and to analyze the roles of their size, community homogeneity, and perceived water stress on adopting legal norms. The results showed that water communities generally follow the rules established in the Water Code, but the voting system, distribution of water, and fee payment are adjusted in small and homogenous water user associations. We can also conclude that a cornerstone in the system is implementing graduated sanctions, as water users see the tools provided by the Water Code as ineffective.

scholarly journals Farmers’ participation in Water User Association in western Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Gholamrezai ◽  
Fatemeh Sepahvand
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
User Association ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Agriculture Water

AbstractOne of the main challenges of water scarcity is the water consumption in the agriculture sector. Therefore, optimizing water consumption and applying an optimal management in the agriculture sector is necessary. The implementation of a participatory management of water resources in the rural areas and the creation of Water User Association (WUA) can be a successful approach towards this management. That requires the continuity of the management, the comprehensive participation of farmers, and the exploitation of water resources; however, this action needs to understand the factors affecting the behavior of consumers. Thus identifying the factors influencing farmers’ intentions towards participation in WUA is essential. The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting farmers' intentions towards participation in water user association, by theory of planned behavior (TPB). There are 21 agriculture water pumping stations active in Lorestan Province. Farmers at each agriculture water pumping stations make up a Water User Association. The population of this study consisted of all WUAs in western Iran (N = 1990), and through a proportional stratified random sampling technique farmers were selected (N = 133) from the population. Moreover, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated at pre-test stage for different parts of the questionnaire ranging from 0.83 until 0.91. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 software. The results revealed that there were effective variables including subjective norm, attitude, and extension training courses which contributed to the importance of participation in the water management, and that the educational level of farmer was a controlled variable that could affect farmers' attitudes towards participating in Water User Association; these factors could explain 53% of farmers' participation totally.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Performances of Water User Associations to Increase the Irrigation Sustainability: An Application of Multivariate Statistics to a Case Study in Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6327
Author(s):  
Demetrio Antonio Zema ◽  
Pasquale Filianoti ◽  
Daniela D’Agostino ◽  
Antonino Labate ◽  
Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Water Price ◽  
Water User Associations ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Water User ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Benchmarking techniques are useful and simple tools to analyze the performance of the collective irrigation in the Water User Associations (WUAs) towards an increase in service sustainability. Several benchmarking techniques have been proposed to process and predict performance indicators. Instead, some meaningful statistical techniques based on the distance of data samples, which overcome the limitations of the traditional benchmarking techniques, have never been applied to the collective irrigation sector. This study applies Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA), Multidimensional Scale Models (MDS), and Distance-Based Linear Models (DISTLM) as benchmarking techniques to evaluate the technical and financial performances of 10 WUAs in Calabria (Southern Italy). These benchmarking techniques revealed that the significant differences in the irrigated areas and financial self-sufficiency of the WUAs, shown by PERMANOVA, depend on the large variability of the remaining performance indicators. Both the MDS and DISTLM demonstrated that a higher number of associated users and larger irrigation service coverage allows an increase in the irrigated areas; this enlargement is facilitated if the water price and the size of the personnel staff decrease. The WUAs’ self-sufficiency is mainly influenced by the number of workers and the maintenance, organization, and management costs, while the impacts of the due service fees and water price are more limited; it is also convenient to increase the number of the associated farmers since this increases the economy of scale and the gross revenues of the irrigation service. Overall, from the analysis carried out for the regional case study, these benchmarking techniques seem to be powerful and easy tools to identify the problems of the irrigation service and help in planning the most suitable policies to improve the sustainability of the collective irrigation at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Reducing the Carbon Footprint of the Water-Energy Binomial through Governance and ICT. A Case Study

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3187
Author(s):  
Jesús Chazarra-Zapata ◽  
Dolores Parras-Burgos ◽  
Francisco-Javier Pérez-de-la-Cruz ◽  
Antonio Ruíz-Canales ◽  
José Miguel Molina-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
User Association ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Information And Communication

This paper reveals reductions of up to 485 t CO2 eq (CO2 equivalent) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of energy origin associated with the water-energy binomial which can be achieved after modernizing and automating a Water User Association (WUA) of over 1780 users with microplots in a total area of 775 ha in southeastern Spain. This case study aims to show how the latest advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) for precision agriculture are being applied efficiently with the implementation of a Smart Agri system, capable of making improvements through the use of renewable energies (64.49% of the total CO2e- avoided), automation in irrigation water management, by applying adequate governance, use of ICTs (731,014 m3 per water footprint reduction with 20.41% of total CO2 eq of associated electrical origin), hydraulic improvements (283,995 m3 per water footprint reduction, 13.77% of the total CO2 eq of associated electrical origin) and reduction of evaporation in reservoirs (26,022 m3 of water by water footprint reduction with 1.33% of the total CO2 eq electrical origin avoided) that act as batteries to accumulate the daily solar energy and enable watering at night, when irrigation is most efficient. It is important to consider the valuable contribution of these artificial green lungs, not only in terms of food for the European Union, but also as a CO2 eq sink that supports the planet’s GHGs. As shown in this study, this is made possible by the joint governance led by the Water Users Association (WUA) and co-led by different management organizations with the support of ICT.

scholarly journals Irrigation sector in Bulgaria: impact of post-socialist policy reforms

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insa Theesfeld
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
User Association ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Water User ◽  
Water User Association ◽  
The World Bank

In Bulgaria's irrigation sector, collective action solutions have been propagated by the Bulgarian Government and the World Bank in recent years. However, the introduction of a World Bank Project, the enforcement of the Bulgarian Water Law in 2000 and the Water User Association Act in 2001 find no common ground where collective action can grow. Given that villagers often hardly know anything about the water user associations that had been established on paper, the local situation is closer to one of open access, with efforts by some powerful individuals to exert some authority. This paper will show that what formally gives the impression of being a devolution-oriented policy reform by turning over decision power in resource management to local communities is, in fact, a further concentration of power in the irrigation sector. Empirical evidence is provided for pseudo devolution which is due to the actual implementation process of Bulgaria's recent legislation in the irrigation sector, which results in a concentration of property rights with state authorities. Likewise, individual actors who are capable of achieving short-term access to and management rights for the resource system are able to take advantage of the actual ambiguous local assignments of property rights and gain private benefits.

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