scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro antifungal potential of several fungicides against Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, the causal agent of potato brown spot in Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1106-1117
Author(s):  
Abdul Madadi ◽  
Hadia Rauf ◽  
Mohammad H. Falahzadah ◽  
Ahsanullah Yousufzai ◽  
Abdul S. Jamily ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Antifungal Potential

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO REAL POTENCIAL INIBIDOR DE EXTRATOS ETANÓLICOS DE Ottonia martiana SOBRE Cylindrocladium spathulatum E Botrytis cinerea

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Miriam Machado Cunico ◽  
Celso Garcia Auer ◽  
Marlon Wesley Machado Cunico ◽  
Obdulio Gomes Miguel ◽  
Patricio Peralta Zamora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
In Vitro Testing ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Potential

 Extratos etanólicos de anestesia, Ottonia martiana Miq., foram reavaliados quanto à inibição do crescimento micelial dos fungos Cylindrocladium spathulatum (pinta-preta da erva-mate) e Botrytis cinerea (mofo-cinzento do eucalipto), por meio do planejamento fatorial. A ocorrência de decomposição de bioativos no processo de autoclavagem também foi investigada, por meio de teste de eficiência de extratos filtrados (filtro Millipore) e esterilizados (autoclave) no controle dos fitopatógenos, nas concentrações de 1, 10, 100 e 1000 ppm. Os extratos etanólicos filtrado e esterilizado inibiram o crescimento micelial dos fungos e foram mais ativos frente a B. cinerea.O extrato filtrado exibiu maior potencial antifúngico que o extrato esterilizado. O processo de esterilização por autoclavagem causou pequena decomposição dos bioativos presentes no extrato de anestesia.Palavras-chave: Anestesia; mofo-cinzento; pinta-preta. Abstract Fungitoxic potential of ethanolic extracts of anestesia in the control of phytopathogenic diseases. The antifungal potential of anestesia, Ottonia martiana Miq. was reassessed by factorial design, in vitro testing of fungal mycelial growth compared to the pathogenic isolates Cylindrocladium spathulatum, causal agent of black spot onyerba mate, and Botrytis cinerea causal agent of gray-mold on eucalypts. Occurrence of decomposition of bioactive of the autoclaving process was investigated using foliar detached test compared to the pathogens (1000 ppm). Ethanolic extracts - EBEtOH (filtered and autoclaved) inhibited the mycelial growth of C. spathulatum and B. cinerea (1000 ppm) and were more pronounced against B. cinerea (43.6 % and 68.9 %). EBEtOH filtered (0.22 µm) presented higher activity than EBEtOH autoclaved (C. spathulatum: 52.8 % and 43.6 %, B. cinerea: 68.9 % and 43.6 %), suggesting little decomposition ofbioactive after autoclaving. EBEtOH filtrate presented potential inhibition of 28 % in eucalypt leaves against B. cinerea.  Keywords: Ottonia martiana; black spot; gray-mold.

scholarly journals In vitro Evaluation of Fungicides, Botanicles and Bio-Agents against Alternaria alternata Causal Agent of Fruit Rot of Brinjal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev P. Jakatimath ◽  
R.K. Mesta ◽  
I.B. Biradar ◽  
Sadanand K. Mushrif ◽  
P.S. Ajjappalavar
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT ESSENTIAL OILS AND BIO CONTROL AGENTS AGAINST ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA THE CAUSAL AGENT OF FRUIT ROT OF JUJUBE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Neem Oil

This study was carried out on the evaluation of different essential oils and biocontrol agents against Alternaria alternata the causal agent of fruit rot. For the pathogenicity test against A. alternata was performed through cut and injection inoculation methods. The antifungal potential of different essential oils like turpentine, laung, neem and castus root was carried out at different doses i.e. 5, 10 and 15% by food poisoned method to find out the effective and suitable oil for the growth inhibition of A. alternata and evaluate the effect of some biocontrol agents on growth inhibition of A. alternata. The findings of this investigation stated that cut method of inoculation showed higher percentage (2.60) of rotting as compared to injection method of inoculation (2.35). Minimum colony growth of A. alternata (31.60, 21.25 and 15.16%) was examined under Laung oil at the dosage of 5, 10 and 15% followed by Neem oil (42.60, 31.60 and 21.30%), respectively. Maximum colony growth of A. alternata (62.71, 52.40 and 41.75%) was observed under Castus root oil at the dosage of 5, 10 and 15%. Zero growth of target pathogen was examined under Turpentine at 5, 10 and 15%. Under control the A. alternata showed (90 mm) colony growth. Minimum linear colony growth of A. alternata was observed for Hypoxylon Sp1 (50.31%), followed by Neurospora spp. (52.97%), Lasiodiplodia theobromae (54.7%), Chactomium subaffine (57.07%) and Fusarium sp. (65.4%). Maximum mycelial colony growth (90%) was recorded in control. Based on present investigation, Similarly, for controlling the linear colony growth of A. alternata under in vitro conditions Turpentine oil ranked 1st, Laung oil ranked 2nd, Neem oil ranked 3rd, Castus root oil ranked 4th.

scholarly journals Comparison of Four Systems to Test the Tolerance of ‘Fortune’ Mandarin Tissue Cultured Plants to Alternaria alternata

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1321
Author(s):  
Margarita Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
Olaya Pérez-Tornero
Keyword(s):  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Fungus Culture ◽  
Alternaria Brown Spot

Alternaria brown spot is a severe disease that affects leaves and fruits on susceptible mandarin and mandarin-like cultivars, and is produced by Alternaria alternata. Consequently, there is an urge to obtain new cultivars resistant to A. alternata, and mutation breeding together with tissue culture can help shorten the process. However, a protocol for the in vitro selection of resistant citrus genotypes is lacking. In this study, four methods to evaluate the sensitivity to Alternaria of mandarin ‘Fortune’ explants in in vitro culture were tested. The four tested systems consisted of: (1) the addition of the mycotoxin, produced by A. alternata in ‘Fortune’, to the propagation culture media, (2) the addition of the A. alternata culture filtrate to the propagation culture media, (3) the application of the mycotoxin to the intact shoot leaves, and (4) the application of the mycotoxin to the previously excised and wounded leaves. After analyzing the results, only the addition of the A. alternata culture filtrate to the culture media and the application of the mycotoxin to the wounded leaves produced symptoms of infection. However, the addition of the fungus culture filtrate to the culture media produced results, which might indicate that, in addition to the mycotoxin, many other unknown elements that can affect the plant growth and behavior could be found in the fungus culture filtrate. Therefore, the application of the toxin to the excised and wounded leaves seems to be the most reliable method to analyze sensitivity to Alternaria of ‘Fortune’ explants cultured in vitro.

Susceptibility of citrus species to Alternaria alternata, the causal agent of the Alternaria brown spot

2007 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Reis ◽  
T.F. de Almeida ◽  
E.S. Stuchi ◽  
A. de Goes
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Alternaria Brown Spot

Phenotypic Analysis of Alternaria alternata, the Causal Agent of Tobacco Brown Spot

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hancheng Wang ◽  
Yanfei Huang ◽  
Haiqian Xia ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Maosheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis

scholarly journals Response of citrus hybrids to Alternaria alternata inoculation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3358
Author(s):  
Gabriela Da Costa ◽  
Maiara Curtolo ◽  
Thaís Cavichioli Magni ◽  
Mariângela Cristofani-Yaly
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Alternaria Brown Spot ◽  
In Vitro Inoculation ◽  
Citrus Orchards ◽  
Citrus Hybrids ◽  
Selection Of

Citrus orchards have some limitations, such as the occurrence of phytosanitary problems. Alternaria brown spot (ABS) is caused by fungus Alternaria alternata, which affects several parts of the plant by producing a host-specific toxin, known as ACT. ABS is a limiting factor in orchards due to the susceptibility of most planted cultivars: ‘Murcott’ tangor and ‘Ponkan’ tangerine. The selection of varieties resistant/tolerant to the disease has economic importance. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the response to A. alternata inoculation in a population of ‘Murcott’ tangor vs ‘Pera’ sweet orange hybrids. Leaves of 2-3 centimeters in length of ‘Murcott’ tangor, ‘Pera’ sweet orange, ‘Ponkan’, ‘Dancy’, ‘Fremont’ tangerine and 198 hybrids were collected. For in vitro inoculation, monosporic A. alternata culture at concentration of 105 conidia mL-1 was used. Inoculated leaves were stored in humid chamber. After 24, 48 and 72 hours of inoculation, leaf lesions were evaluated following a diagrammatic scale. The results obtained showed that most hybrids from the crossing of ‘Murcott’ tangor vs ‘Pera’ sweet orange are susceptible to ABS. However, 44 are resistant and ten are tolerant. Among ABS-tolerant hybrids, some have phenotype similar to that of cultivated and commercialized hybrids.

scholarly journals Infection Potential of Pleospora allii and Evaluation of Methods for Reduction of the Overwintering Inoculum of Brown Spot of Pear

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidre Llorente ◽  
Albert Vilardell ◽  
Emilio Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Stemphylium Vesicarium ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Pleospora Allii ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

The capacity for germination and pathogenicity to pear leaves of ascospores of Pleospora allii, the teleomorph of Stemphylium vesicarium, causal agent of brown spot of pear, were studied in vitro. Most ascospores germinated within 1 h at temperatures between 15 and 20°C, and the optimum temperature for germination was 18.9°C. Infections developed on wounded and non-wounded detached pear leaves, but were more frequent on wounded leaves. The minimum infective dose was one ascospore per wound. Biological, chemical, and mechanical methods for decreasing overwintering inoculum of P. allii were evaluated. Ascospores were discharged from March to May, depending on the orchard and year. Leaf shredding or removal were the most effective methods of reducing overwintering inoculum. Biological control methods based on application of Thichodermasp. formulations were partially effective. Chemical methods based on copper and urea treatments were ineffective.

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