scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Surrogate Markers for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV in Healthy Blood Donors at Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahida Amjed Riaz Shah ◽  
Ayesha Ehsan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Donor Population

Introduction: This project was aimed to determine the seropositivity status for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antiHepatitis C (HCV) antibodies and antibodies to Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) I and II in healthy blood donorsdonating blood at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore.Material and Methods: The relevant data was collected during a period of 28 months from 1st January 2006 till 31st March2008. It was a cross sectional study which entailed screening of 60719 healthy donors. The donors were aged between 16years to 45 years. There were 93.43% males and 6.57% females.Results: The seroprevalence of Anti HCV antibodies was 3.870%; for HBsAg it was 1.407%; for HIV antibodies it was0.00658%. Our study demonstrated a higher seropositivity for HIV in healthy donor population than all of the previousreports except one with which it matched precisely. HBsAg showed a definite downwards inclination when compared withsimilar previous studies carried out in the last 7 years. Seroprevalence of anti HCV antibody was found to be similar whencompared with previous studies and demonstrated a higher trend in large cities with a multiethnic population.Key Words: MeSH: Blood donors, seroprevalence, HbsAg, antiHCV, HIV.

Is hepatitis B surface antigen (HB s Ag) enough alone as a screening test for HBV infection in rheumatic disease patients before starting immunosuppressive therapies? A cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Abdel-Noor ◽  
Mona Watany ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Walaa ElKhalawany ◽  
Shaimaa Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbs Ag ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background & objectives: Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with rheumatic diseases has been reported differently among studies. The loss of immune control in these patients may result in the reactivation of HBV replication within hepatocytes. Considering the lifelong use of multiple anti-rheumatic drugs, screening for HBV is recommended before starting immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy. The aim of this study was to select the best and simplest test for screening of HBV in rheumatic patients. Methods: This study was carried out on 102 patients with different rheumatic diseases. Screening to all patients by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and human immune deficiency virus antibodies (HIV) were done. HBV core antibodies and real time PCR to detect HBV DNA were done. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.18 ± 12.37 years, 3.9% of them were males and 96.1% were females. HBsAg had 100% Sensitivity, 100% Specificity, 100% PPV, 100% NPV and 99.0% accuracy. While, anti-HBc had 100% Sensitivity, 78% Specificity, 8% PPV, 100% NPV and 78% accuracy in screening of HBV. Conclusions: HBs Ag was found to be superior to antiHBc for screening for HBV infection in rheumatic patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen among hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood donors in Ilorin, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiat K. Ogunfemi ◽  
Hannah O. Olawumi ◽  
Abdulfatai B. Olokoba ◽  
Modu B. Kagu ◽  
Sikiru A. Biliaminu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hepatitis B Core Antigen

scholarly journals Positivity of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C in patients enrolled in a confidential self-exclusion system of blood donation: a cross-sectional analytical study

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 320-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Kasraian ◽  
Alireza Tavasoli
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Hcv Screening

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Selection of healthy blood donors is essential to ensure blood safety. A confidential self-exclusion (CSE) system was designed so that high-risk donors could confidentially exclude their blood from use in transfusions. This study aimed to compare the demographic characteristics and the results from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface (HBS) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening tests on donors who opted to get into and out of CSE. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study on all volunteer donors at Shiraz Blood Transfusion Organization from March 21, 2006, to March 21, 2008. METHODS: The results from the abovementioned tests were compared between donors who opted into and out of CSE. RESULTS: 100,148 donors in 2006 and 104,271 in 2007 gave blood. Among these donors, respectively, 829 (0.82%) and 592 (0.57%) opted for the CSE. The prevalence of HIV antibodies, HBS antigens and HCV antibodies in CSE donors was significantly higher than in donors who did not choose CSE (p < 0.05). The prevalence of at least one of these three infections among CSE donors was 3.12% in 2006 and 3.04% in 2007, and was significantly higher than the prevalence among non-CSE donors (0.58% and 0.57%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Because of the higher prevalence of HBS, HCV and HIV positivity in blood donors who chose the CSE option, offering CSE to blood donors could be a potentially useful method for improving blood safety, since it could increase the detection of infected blood during the window period.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus transmission among children in Enugu, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
ND Uleanya ◽  
EO Obidike
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection has reached pandemic proportions all over the world with areas of highest prevalence being the sub- Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Most deaths related to HBV are due to complications from chronic infection. Acquisition of infection at a younger age is the most important predictor of chronicity. Eradication of HBV is an important but difficult tasks facing public health. HB immunization is the single most important factor in hepatitis B control and was commenced in 2004 in Nigeria.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among children in the era of HB immunization, the risk factors of transmission and knowledge of mothers about their HB status.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out on one hundred and forty children aged 18 months to 15 years at the children outpatient clinic (CHOP) of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was determined using Determine Test Kits and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire administered.Results: Six were positive for HBsAg, giving a prevalence rate of 4.3%. HBsAg was least prevalent among children 1-5 years (2%). None of the children ≤ 5 years who received HB vaccination was positive for HBsAg though one child > 5 years who received the vaccine was positive. Sharing of toothbrushes among siblings was found to be a significantly associated risk factor. Only 6.4% of mothers knew their hepatitis B status.Conclusion: There is a gradual fall in the prevalence of HBsAg in our environment due to HB immunization. Sharing of toothbrushes may be a potent means of transmission of HBV infection.Keywords: HBV, Prevalence, Children, Transmission, HB immunization

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B infection markers in Lebanese children: the need for an expanded programme on immunization

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. NABULSI ◽  
G. F. ARAJ ◽  
I. NUWAYHID ◽  
M. RAMADAN ◽  
M. ARISS
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Lebanon ◽  
Infection Markers

This multi-centre, cross-sectional study was designed to reveal the present status of hepatitis B infection markers among Lebanese children, and provide recommendations regarding childhood immunization policies. A total of 841 children, aged between 6 months and 6·5 years, were enrolled from Lebanon's five districts. Their sera were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core IgG. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection markers was 0·8 % with increasing age-specific rates from 0 % at 6 months to 1·3 % at > 5 years. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of hepatitis B markers and family characteristics or risk factors for infection. The highest prevalence rates were among children from Beirut suburbs (2·9 %) and South Lebanon (1·6 %). The risk of horizontal transmission of hepatitis B to uninfected children increased substantially after the age of 2 years. An expanded programme on immunization that integrates hepatitis B vaccine during the first year of life is needed.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B co-infection in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at the TC Newman Anti Retroviral Treatment Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanmari King ◽  
Dirk T. Hagemeister
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Clinic

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in South Africa is estimated to be between 5% and 23%; however, only limited evidence is available. Co-infection increases the risk of chronification of HBV, liver cirrhosis and death.Objective: To assess the HBV and/or HIV co-infection rate amongst the adult antiretroviral treatment cohort at the TC Newman ART Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape.Methods: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, the routine hepatitis B surface antigen screening results for all adult HIV patients who were started on antiretroviral treatment over a period of 19 months were collected and analysed for gender, CD4 count and age.Results: Amongst the 498 participants (60% female participants), the Hepatitis B surface Antigen positivity rate was 7.6%. Male gender, age between 50 and 59 years and a low CD4 count were correlated with higher rates.Conclusion: Useful insight could be obtained by analysing routine data. The prevalence of almost 8% confirms the need for testing of HIV-positive patients for hepatitis B.Keywords: hepatitis B; prevalence; HIV-infected; adults; co-infection

scholarly journals Frequency of Hepatitis B Virus carrier by Detecting AntiHBc Antibody among HBsAg Negative Blood Donors

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Kashfia Islam ◽  
Mazharul Hoque ◽  
Samsun Nahar ◽  
Syed Dawood Md. Taimur ◽  
Zeenat Farzana Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Background & Objective: Transfusion associated hepatitis B virus (TAHBV) infection continues to be a major problem despite mandatory screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). This is because HBsAg is not detected during the window period of the infection. This study was designed to assess the frequency of anti HBc antibody among HBsAg negative donor and also to determine the demographic profile of healthy blood donors.Material & Method: This cross sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka during the period of May 2014 to April 2015. A total number of 100 consecutive healthy blood donors who were clinically and physically healthy and serologically found to be free from HBsAg, HCV and HIV by rapid chromographic test were included in this study.Results: Within the 100 patients among them history of jaundice was found in 17(17.0%). There all (100.0%) subjects had negative HBsAg and 14(14.0%) subjects had positive anti HBc-Ab. Anti HBc-Ab was statistically significant (p<0.001) in Z-test.Conclusion: This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of anti HBc antibody among healthy blood donors with HBsAg negative in rapid chromatography method. The prevalence of anti HBc antibody was about 14 (14.0%) among 100 HBsAg negative blood donors. History of blood donation was found in almost two third 65 (65.0%). So, anti HBc antibody screening is an useful tool for estimating the risk of transfusion transmitted HBV infection.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(1) 2016 p.66-69

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