Optical Versus Cognitive Perspective: Study of Indian Folk Paintings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Lohar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
To Come ◽  
European Renaissance

Is painting space fundamentally perspectival? In the European Renaissance (14th to the 17th century), the painting space was thought of as having an interior of perspective where one could place an object. It took many years after the Renaissance for European art to come out of this optical or geometrical perspective and realise that the space of painting is fundamentally non-perspectival. Historically in Europe, impressionists (1860) painters are the ones who tried to break away from this optical or single-point perspective and create paintings according to ‘lived perspective’. Optical perspective is one of the visual dogmas which are believed till today; thus, it is tough to appreciate non-perspectival paintings. This paper aims to give technical reasons why painting space is fundamentally not perspectival; the first section of the paper will deal with the question ‘what kind of space is painting space?’, and in the second section, we will compare method of photograph and drawing to find the differences between mechanism of camera and human perception . In the last section of the paper we will use Indian folk paintings, to demonstrate how cognitive or alternative/multiple perspectives open new possibilities in painting space.

Textual Enchantment and Interdiscursive Labor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaina Lemon
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Collective Engagement ◽  
Semiotic Theory

Creativity always requires some level of collective engagement, be it over a shared terrain or around a single point that can be approached from many perspectives. The anglophone world’s denial of collectivity in creativity remains an artifact of anxieties over agency and will that predated the Cold War, during which theories of grammars and structures were classified as antihumanist. Russian theatrical pedagogy, by contrast, has long fused the aims both to create fresh art and to create contact across time and space with values of intertextual enchantment and collective creativity. So did the early Soviet theorists of semiotics and communication—people who took their cues from artists, artists who theorized the makings of multiple perspectives, but who came to influence American social and semiotic theory much later.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Todd Butler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
Shared Attention ◽  
Stuart England ◽  
To Come

This chapter explains how the political changes of early Stuart England can be usefully examined from a cognitive perspective, with questions of authority and sovereignty being determined not just by what individuals or institutions do but also by how they are understood and expected to think, and in particular how they were expected to come to decisions. In doing so, it links early modern and contemporary understandings of state formation in seventeenth-century England to processes of decision-making and counsel, as well as the management of personal and public opinion, thereby explicating the mental mechanics of early modern governance. More than being simply a form of political thought or doctrine, intellection is presented as a shared attention to cognitive processes amidst historical moments in which we can see particular patterns of thinking—and attention to them as politics—begin to emerge.

scholarly journals Within the context of sociological criticism theory, a literary work from the 17th century; Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 451-461
Author(s):  
Muhammet Kuzubas
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Persian Literature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
To Come ◽  
The 19Th Century

Spanning over a period of six centuries from the 13th century till the 19th century, Classical Turkish Literature takes up a reputed position in Oriental Literature. In the earliest centuries, classical Turkish literature was heavily influenced by Arabic and Persian Literature; however upon completing its foundation, it started to embrace a domestic and national character as of 16th century. With the advent of 16th century, particularly in masnavis as used to narrate lengthy stories, a different path was taken from other Oriental literatures in regards to characters and settings in stories. Stories, then, began to evolve within the borders of Ottoman territory and a wider place was reserved to take notice of witnessed problems. In some of these masnavis it is feasible to come across social reflections on the specific period and certain expressions that would most probably not approved at an age this work was compiled. In that sense one of the salient examples is Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr masnavi written by 17th - century poet Nev’i-zâde Atâyî. In Nefhatü’l-Ezhâr it is detected that defects that the poet witnesses in his society are narrated to his readers in short stories that develop within a plot. In such stories, Atâyî criticizes the kind of people exploiting religion for personal gains and those simple men licking powerful men's shoes for self-interest. In relation to social criticism stealing and injustice of rulers are highlighted-issues by the poet. Further to that, by narrating obscene stories, the poet attempts to unveil a form of corruption that has eroded moral fiber of community. In order to better grasp a literary text and locate the author's messages aimed for the reader, there is need to approach a work from a wide range of perspectives. In our research,  stories that are considered to reflect traces from society in the said work of Nev’i-zâde Atâyî will be elaborated within the context of sociological criticism.

scholarly journals Unsteady Transition From a Mach to a Regular Shockwave Intersection

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
S. J. Karabelas ◽  
N.C. Markatos
Keyword(s):  
Supersonic Flow ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Mach Reflection ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mach Disk ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
The Deflection Angle ◽  
To Come

The purpose of this research work is to perform accurate numerical computations of supersonic flow in a converging nozzle and specifically to study Mach-disks. The latter process has been widely studied over the last years. In the present study numerical simulations are performed for transient supersonic flow, tracing the transition from a Mach reflection to a regular one. This has been done by enforcing the walls of a converging nozzle to come closer together, changing the deflection angle with time. Viscosity was taken into account and the full Navier- Stokes have been solved. The results obtained clearly show the gradual extinction of the Mach disk and the eventual wave intersection to a single point

Endings

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart van Es
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
To Come

Did Shakespeare write any comic plays after All’s Well That Ends Well (1604–5)? The conventional story has been that Shakespeare’s comedy ended early in the 17th century, despite having almost a decade of writing for the theatre still to come. If this theory is accepted, what factors can be put forward by way of explanation? ‘Endings’ argues that Shakespeare had a more consistent idea of what comedy was than is now often asserted. Comedy was his mainstay, spreading not just across the eighteen or so plays that can be listed under that heading but, beyond this, into his non-dramatic poetry, his histories, and—most powerfully of all—his tragedies.

The Oxford Handbook of Karl Barth

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Karl Barth ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
To Come

The Oxford Handbook of Karl Barth is the most expansive guide to Barth’s work published to date. Comprising over forty original chapters, each of which is written by an expert in the field, the Handbook provides rich analysis of Barth’s life and context, advances penetrating interpretations of the key elements of his thought, and opens and charts new paths for critical and constructive reflection. It seeks to illuminate the complex and challenging world of Barth’s theology, to engage with it from multiple perspectives, and to communicate something of the joyful nature of theology as Barth conceived it. It will serve as an indispensable resource for undergraduates, postgraduates, academics, and general readers for years to come.

Perspective as a Conceptual Tool in Milton and Newton

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-162
Author(s):  
Erin Webster
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
Infinitesimal Calculus ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Baroque Art ◽  
Art And Architecture ◽  
The Universe

This chapter reads John Milton’s use of vast shifts in perspective in Paradise Lost (1667) in relation to seventeenth-century developments in the mathematics of infinity and infinitesimals. In a period in which telescopes and microscopes promised to extend the eye’s reach indefinitely, this chapter shows that Milton’s use of the epic simile and Newton’s infinitesimal calculus, first published as an attachment to his optical treatise, Opticks (1704), are related attempts to express concepts that continue to exceed the limits of visual comprehension: the infinitely large, the infinitesimally small, and the paradoxical relationship between the two. The chapter places these two writers’ work within the context of baroque art and architecture, which similarly exploits perspective as a means of expressing the concept of an infinite universe held in tension with the limits of human perception. Ultimately, it argues that by requiring his readers to vacillate between multiple perspectives on the same object, Milton contributes to a broader cultural decentring of the earth-bound human perspective as the standard measure of the universe.

Revisiting the Concept of Virtualized Residential Gateways

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-304
Author(s):  
Jorge Proença ◽  
Tiago Cruz ◽  
Paulo Simões ◽  
Edmundo Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Local Area Network ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Network Service Provider ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
To Come

A diversity of technical advances in the field of network and systems virtualization have made it possible to consolidate and manage resources in an unprecedented scale. These advances have started to come out of the data centers, spreading towards the network service provider (NSP) and telecommunications operator infrastructure foundations, from the core to the edge networks, the access network, and the customer premises LAN (local area network). In this context, the residential gateway (RGW) constitutes an ideal candidate for virtualization, as it stands between the home LAN and the access network, imposing a considerable cost for the NSP while constituting a single point of failure for all the services offered to residential customers. This chapter presents the rationale for the virtual RGW (vRGW) concept, providing an overview of past and current implementation proposals and discussing how recent technological developments in key areas such as networking and virtualization have given a competitive edge to a RGW virtualization scenario, when compared with traditional deployments.

The mysterious writing-master Clemens Perret and his two copy-books

Quaerendo ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ton Croiset Van Uchelen
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
The North ◽  
Architectural Framework ◽  
Word Division ◽  
To Come ◽  
Title Pages

AbstractIn the first half of the 17th century penmanship in the Dutch Republic flourished as never before or since. Responsible for this flowering were a number of schoolmasters from Brabant and Flanders who in the 1570s and 80s had fled to the North and had settled there as writing-masters. To what level they had raised calligraphy may be seen from a large number of manuscript and printed writing-books that have been preserved. Just as they inspired their followers in years to come they had themselves found a source of inspiration in the two copy-books of Clemens Perret, brought out in 1569 and 1571. The earlier of these, the Exercitatio alphabetica, was not only the first ever to be reproduced entirely by copper engraving, but also the first with examples in seven languages, all of them written in the appropriate hands. Moreover in this book, the first to be produced in the Low Countries in such a large, oblong size, all plates had lavishly executed borders, designed on an architectural framework on which a variety of objects, human figures, grotesques, animals and so on were depicted. The book was obviously designed for collectors, wealthy connoisseurs and fellow writing-masters. The later book, the Eximiae peritiae alphabetum, although containing an equal number of plates, likewise in seven languages and in various hands, lacks the beautiful borders and is of slightly smaller size. It is altogether a more modestly conceived book, surely intended for use at school. Little is known about Perret's life. The title-pages of his books tell us that he was born in Brussels in 1551. A poem in a writing-book by Jacobus Houthusius, published in 1591, refers to his death. A contemporary manuscript note in a pamphlet of 1583 states that the writer Etienne Perret was his father. In the Plantin archives it is recorded that he had a brother, named Paul, and a sister. In a pamphlet of 1599 the writing-master Jan van den Velde states that Perret went to England to serve Queen Elizabeth's Chancellor as writing-master and teach the Queen the Italian hand. This seems unlikely as the Queen is known to have learned italic handwriting from Roger Ascham, while still a girl. The author has examined 26 copies of the Exercitatio in public collections and distinguishes two different editions. The first was probably brought out by Perret himself. Nearly all its plates contain errors in spelling, punctuation and word division. When Plantin took the distribution of the book in hand these mistakes were corrected and another plate added, containing within an engraved border a privilege with the text in letterpress: the 2nd edition. A variant of this edition is identical but for the privilege which is now engraved. The 2nd edition, corrected

scholarly journals Central America in the 17th Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Madrigal
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Internal Markets ◽  
Economic Cycles ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
To Come

When the 16th century—the Conquest Century—drew to a close, the territory of what is today called Central America was already organized as a colonial domain. The system of “Two Republics”—segregating autochthonous populations from the Spanish in order to protect the former from the abuses and potential perversions of the latter, but also to better control the former and demand labor, goods, and money from them—was well established, and colonial institutions (Audiencia, royal treasury offices, town councils (cabildos), dioceses, parishes, etc.) had been put in place. The Spanish governing and enriched elite were clearly on top but were surrounded, nonetheless, by a plethora of dominated ethnic groups, such as the indigenous and the African—either slave or free—populations, the non-elite Spanish immigrants, and those of mixed race. The process of miscegenation between all ethnic groups of colonial society, slow and faltering at first, was already a fact in the region, and a caste society was firmly established. At the same time, Spanish settlement in the territory was entrenched, with consolidated cities and established rural properties. Trade and mining were also active, creating economic cycles linked to the global economy, as well as to internal markets. However, resistance and rebellions by the dominated populations and an extended frontier—made of unconquered and uncontrolled zones—as well as the irruption of enemies in the uncontrolled regions, were not absent from the region. What was the destiny of this complex newly born society over the century to come? In Central America, the new century would be characterized by processes of stabilization and consolidation of colonial life in all aspects, but also by strong geostrategical interests, brutal social asymmetries, and an overwhelming peripheral status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document