scholarly journals Operation and maintenance

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-262
Author(s):  
Jakob Benisch ◽  
Björn Helm ◽  
Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski ◽  
Simon Bloem ◽  
Frédéric Cherqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Confined Environment ◽  
Discharge Measurements

Abstract This chapter first provides information on general health and safety rules to be applied by operators in monitoring urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems, especially in the harsh confined environment of underground sewer systems. Second, it presents experience-based key recommendations for best practice and quality in operation, management and maintenance of sensors and installations for rainfall and discharge measurements. In the last part, three numerical methods (ordinary least squares, Williamson least squares, non-linear regression) are presented, with detailed examples of application, to establish calibration functions which are necessary for all sensors used in UDSM monitoring.

Comparison of the efficiency of best stormwater management practices in urban drainage systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mehler ◽  
M. W. Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Urban Stormwater Management ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Stormwater Management Practices

Increasingly extended and alternative methods for urban stormwater management have been discussed in Germany and elsewhere. Without question an economically and ecologically sound combination of central and decentral measures will be a concept of the future. Yet, at present the introduction of approaches other than traditional combined sewer systems is restricted due to missing planning tools and technologies. Adding a number of frequently used Best Stormwater Management Practices (BSMP's) has widely extended the applicability of an existing stormwater water balance and pollution load model.

PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN BANK TERHADAP KINERJA UNIT USAHA SYARIAH PADA BANK DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Hafidzah Nurjannah ◽  
Yul Efnita ◽  
Eva Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh secara signifikan baik partial maupun simultan pada variabel kepemilikan bank, simpanan (DPK), rasio pinjaman terhadap simpanan (LDR) dan rasio kecukupan modal (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) pada bank yang memiliki Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS) baik itu pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) maupun Bank Swasta. Populasi dan sampel terdiri dari 24 UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) dan Bank Swasta. Dari ke 24 bank tersebut, hanya 18 bank yang dipilih menjadi sampel. Bank-bank tersebut adalah 7 Bank Swasta dan 11 Bank Pembangunan Daerah. Periode penelitian ini adalah 2010-2014. Data diambil dari laporan tahunan bank. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dan pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah lebih baik daripada Bank Swasta. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa faktor. Pertama, pinjaman hanya untuk pejabat pemerintah daerah di mana pembayaran pinjaman melalui pengurangan gaji, sehingga kemungkinan tidak dapat membayar pinjaman sangat rendah meskipun situasi ekonomi tidak stabil. Kedua, karena Bank Pembangunan Daerah menyediakan layanan hanya untuk lokal saja, sehingga memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang daerah tersebut. Sehingga akan memungkinkan nasabah menilai penerapan pinjaman dan mengidentifikasi pinjaman yang memenuhi syarat. Ketiga, kinerja Bank Pembangunan Daerah yang diawasi oleh pemerintah daerah lebih intensif. Kata Kunci : Hedging, Laverage, Cash Ratio, Firm Size, Bank Syariah.

The antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility discourse in Pakistan: Multiple theoretical perspectives

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farhan Basheer ◽  
Saqib Muneer ◽  
Muhammad Atif ◽  
Zubair Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
Stakeholder Theory ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Discourse Practices ◽  
Corporate Social

The primary purpose of the study is to explore the antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibilities discourse practices in Pakistan. The industry sensitivity, government shareholding, block holder ownership, print media coverage, environmental monitoring programs, and strategic posture are examined as antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility practices. A multidimensional theoretical perspective namely stakeholder theory (ST), institutional theory (IT), agency theory (PAT), and legitimacy theory (LT) is used to conceptualize the phenomena. All the four of perspective theories (positive accounting theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and institutional theory) claim that there are ‘pressures’ that impact the organization. How much ‘pressures’ are recognized, managed or satisfied differs from one perspective of theory to the other. To estimate the data, this study uses three sets of panel data models, i.e., the pooled ordinary least squares model (POLS) or constant coefficients model, fixed effects (FEM or least squares dummy variable/LSDV model) and random-effects models. The final sample is comprising of 173 firms over eight years from 2011 to 2017. The firms listed in PSX are included in the sample. Overall the findings of the study have shown agreement with the proposed results. However, the study has provided more support to the institutional theory and stakeholder theory. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders Theory, Agency Theory, Pakistan

Comprehensive Planning of Urban Drainage and Wastewater Treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Dirk-Th Kollatsch
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
Pollution Impacts

For upgrading the urban drainage system (UDS) the reduction of pollution impacts is the priority task concerning the environmental protection of the receiving waters. With simulation models the interactions between surface, sewer systems, overflow structures and treatment facilities within the UDS can be shown. Models to simulate the pollutant impacts, transport and the effects on the receiving waters are available. In a first step a pollutant transport model of sewer systems and a model to simulate the wastewater treatment processes are connected. With these models the efficiency of upgrading measures can be checked in all parts of urban drainage systems.

Total Discharges Taken into Account for Comprehensive Planning of Urban Drainage and Waste Water Treatment

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2609-2612
Author(s):  
D.-Th. Kollatsch
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Receiving Waters

The most important task of urban drainage and waste water treatment in the future is the environmental care of rivers and receiving waters. For this it is necessary to have a look at all discharges of sewer systems and treatment facilities. With simulation models the interactions between surface, sewer systems, overflow structures and treatment facilities can be shown. With these models the efficiency of upgrading measures can be proved in all parts of urban water systems.

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