scholarly journals Linear model of water movements for large-scale inverted siphon in water distribution system

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Zhonghao ◽  
Guan Guanghua ◽  
Yang Zhonghua ◽  
Zhong Ke
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Inverted Siphon ◽  
L2 Norm ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract This paper proposes a linear model that relates the pressure head variations at the downstream end of an inverted siphon to the flow rate variations at two ends. It divides the pressure head variations in the inverted siphon into low-frequency part and high-frequency part. The two parts are caused by the deformation of the siphon wall and the reflection of acoustic wave, respectively. In order to build a simplified relation between wall deformation and low-frequency pressure head variations, the Preissmann slot method (PSM) is adopted in this paper. The linear model can also be used in other forms of structures, such as pipes and tunnels, where a pressurized flow condition is present. In comparison with simulation results using the finite volume method, the linear model shows an L2 norm of 0.177 for a large-scale inverted siphon and 0.044 for a PVC pipe. To this end, the linear model is adopted to model a large-scale inverted siphon in a virtual water delivery system. Simulation results show that the inverted siphon can reduce water fluctuations. An equation to quantify this effect is proposed based on the linear model.

scholarly journals Application of Model Predictive Control for Large-Scale Inverted Siphon in Water Distribution System in the Case of Emergency Operation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2733
Author(s):  
Zheli Zhu ◽  
Guanghua Guan ◽  
Zhonghao Mao ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Shixiang Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Emergency Control ◽  
Inverted Siphon ◽  
Combination System

The emergency control of Menglou~Qifang inverted siphon, which is about 72 km long, is the key to the safety of the Northern Hubei Water Transfer Project. Given the complicated layout of this project, traditional emergency control method has been challenged with the fast hydraulic transient characteristics of pressurized flow. This paper describes the application of model predictive control (MPC), a popular automatic control algorithm advanced in explicitly accounting for various constraints and optimizing control operation, in emergency condition. For the fast prediction to the pipe-canal combination system, a linear model for large-scale inverted siphon proposed by the latest research and the integrator-delay (ID) model for open canals are used. Simulation results show that the proposed MPC algorithm has promising performance on guaranteeing the safety of the project when there are sudden flow obstruction incidents of varying degrees downstream. Compared with control groups, the peak pressure can be reduced by 17.2 m by MPC under the most critical scenario, albeit with more complicated gates operations and more water release (up to 9.75 × 104 m3). Based on the linear model for long inverted siphon, this work highlights the applicability of MPC in the emergency control of large-scale pipe-canal combination system.

scholarly journals A Wireless Sensor Network Model for E-Metering and Fault Identification in Smart Water Distribution Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10S) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Smart Water

Water distribution system is a network that supplies water to all the consumers through different means. Proper means of providing water to houses without compromising in quantity and quality is always a challenge. As it is a huge network keeping track of the utilization is difficult for the utility. Hence through this project we come up with a solution to solve this issue. Current technologies like Low Power Wide Area Networks, LoRa and sensor deployment techniques have been in research and were also tested in few rural areas but issues due to hardware deployment and large scale real time implementation was a challenge hence through this system we aim to create and simulate a real time scenario to test a sensor network model that could be implemented in large scale further. This project aims in building a wireless sensor network model for a smart water distribution system. In this system there is bidirectional communication between the consumer and the utility. Each house has a meter through which the amount of water consumed is sent to the utility board. The data has two fields containing the house ID and the data (water consumed); it is being sent to the data collection unit (DCU) which in-turn sends it to the central server so that the consumption is monitored in real time. All this is simulated using NETSIM and MATLAB.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF CLEAN WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK SYSTEM IN GENTENG SUB-DISTRICT BANYUWANGI USING EPANET 2.0 PROGRAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Ayu Rahmad Jayanti ◽  
Ririn Endah Badriani ◽  
Yeny Dhokhikah
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Network System ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Simulation Results

The clean water distribution in the Genteng Subdistrict, Banyuwangi Regency is included in the service area of the Zone 1 PDAM tile unit. The 60 liters/second reservoir discharge capacity is obtained from Sumber Umbul Sari in the Glenmore District. The distribution of clean water in Zone 1 is still less than 70% of the area served, as the installed discharge capacity is estimated to be insufficient. In order to achieve the distribution goal, a network system must be developed by adding direct debits and planning a new pipeline. The Epanet 2.0 program simplifies the calculation of pipeline networks by integrating elevation data, network maps, pipeline specification, and load. The analysis of the simulation results was conducted using the Public Works Minister's hydraulic parameter standards 2007. Planning of a distribution network and a cost budget in 2029 were done to estimate the water supply needs and budgets required. The hydraulic simulation results based on the analysis of the pressure of all joints are in accordance with the standard, while the analysis of the velocity in pipe is less standard. The need for water discharge in 2029 is 71.6 liters/second. In Kembiritan Village, the construction of distribution pipes with an additional reservoir unit was planned. The planned pipe dimensions in the development area were 25 mm at 796 meters, 50 mm at 4062 meters, and 75 mm at 1518 meters. The cost of planning a clean water distribution system in 2029 is Rp. 1,431,375,000.00. Distribusi air bersih di Kecamatan Genteng Kabupaten Banyuwangi merupakan wilayah pelayanan Zona 1 PDAM unit Genteng. Kapasitas debit reservoir sebesar 60 liter/detik berasal dari sumber umbul sari di Kecamatan Glenmore. Pendistribusian air bersih di wilayah Zona 1 masih kurang dari 70% wilayah yang terlayani, karena diperkirakan kapasitas debit yang terpasang kurang mencukupi. Untuk memenuhi target pemerataan distribusi perlu pengembangan sistem jaringan dengan penambahan debit dan perencanaan jaringan pipa baru. Program Epanet 2.0 memudahkan dalam perhitungan jaringan perpipaan dengan mengintegrasi data elevasi, peta jaringan, spesifikasi pipa dan debit. Analisis hasil simulasi menggunakan standar parameter hidrolis Permen PU 2007. Perencanaan pengembangan jaringan distribusi dan anggaran biaya pada tahun 2029 guna memperkirakan debit kebutuhan air dan anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan. Hasil simulasi hidrolis berdasarkan analisis tekanan semua junction telah sesuai standar, sedangkan analisis kecepatan masih di bawah standar. Kebutuhan debit air tahun 2029 sebesar 71,6 Liter/detik. Pengembangan pipa distribusi direncanakan di Desa Kembiritan dengan tambahan satu unit reservoir. Dimensi pipa rencana di wilayah pengembangan digunakan diameter 25 mm sepanjang 796 m, diameter 50 mm sepanjang 4062 m dan diameter 75 mm sepanjang 1518 m. Biaya perencanaan sistem distribusi air bersih tahun 2029 sebesar Rp. 1.431.375.000,00.

Planning and Operation of Large-Scale Water Distribution System with Hedging Rules

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario T. L. Barros ◽  
Renato C. Zambon ◽  
David M. Delgado ◽  
Paulo S. F. Barbosa ◽  
William W.-G. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Hedging Rules ◽  
Planning And Operation

Investigation of introducing water from an artificial recharge plant to an existing groundwater distribution system

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Berg ◽  
T.Ø. Jensen ◽  
L. Bennedsen ◽  
G. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Artificial Recharge ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Chemical Modelling ◽  
Mixed Water

The consequences of mixing water from the Arrenaes Artificial Recharge (AR) trial plant with groundwater from existing well fields have been investigated. The potential problems of interest are bacterial regrowth, precipitation of iron, and corrosion in the raw water distribution system. The AR trial plant is located on the Arrenaes peninsula on Zealand, Denmark. A large-scale production plant for drinking water (4 million m3/year) is proposed at the locality. To test the microbial properties of the mixed water, laboratory experiments have been carried out. Based on the results, it has been concluded that introducing water from the proposed large-scale AR plant to the distribution system will not cause problems with undesirable regrowth of bacteria in the pipelines, as long as the content of AOC in the abstracted AR water stays within the current range, between 3 and 15 μg/L. Chemical modelling (PHREEQC) shows that the mixed water is supersaturated with iron oxides, which may precipitate as iron sludge. Furthermore, the model shows that the hardness of the water in the pipelines will decrease when abstracted AR water is added. This is not expected to cause corrosion, due to a simulated supersaturation with calcite in all water types. However, long-term operation of the proposed large-scale AR plant, and thereby leaching of calcite from the aquifer, may lead to corrosion of the pipelines.

Multiple Leakage Detection and Localization Method Based on Bayesian Theory and Genetic Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 924-927
Author(s):  
Tao Jin ◽  
Ze Yuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Bayesian Theory ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
Localization Method ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Leakage Location

To detect and locate the leakage of the pipe correctly, genetic algorithm is combined with Bayesian theory to determine the leaked pipes. Leakage detection and leakage location are carried out separately. Leakage detection is conducted based on the assumption that there is only one leaked pipe, and the simulation result demonstrates its feasibility. When the leakage detection demonstrates there is leaked pipe in the water distribution system, leakage location starts. Based on the information gathered by the manometers, leakage probability in different combinations of the virtual nodal demand can be fixed according to calculating the pressure of the monitored node, then GA is applied to search the maximum Bayesian value, the pipes with maximum Bayesian leakage possibility are believed to be leaked pipes. Optimization programme was made with combination of Matlab and Epanet, numerical simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals E-Metering and Fault Detection in Smart Water Distribution Systems using Wireless Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 634-639
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Smart Water

Water distribution system is a network that supplies water to all the consumers through different means. Proper means of providing water to houses without compromising in quantity and quality is always a challenge. As it is a huge network keeping track of the utilization is difficult for the utility. Hence through this project we come up with a solution to solve this issue. Current technologies like Low Power Wide Area Networks, LoRa and sensor deployment techniques have been in research and were also tested in few rural areas but issues due to hardware deployment and large scale real time implementation was a challenge hence through this system we aim to create and simulate a real time scenario to test a sensor network model that could be implemented in large scale further. This project aims in building a wireless sensor network model for a smart water distribution system. In this system there is bidirectional communication between the consumer and the utility. Each house has a meter through which the amount of water consumed is sent to the utility board. The data has two fields containing the house ID and the data (water consumed); it is being sent to the data collection unit (DCU) which in-turn sends it to the central server so that the consumption is monitored in real time. All this is simulated using NETSIM and MATLAB

scholarly journals Nodal Matrix Analysis for Optimal Pressure-Reducing Valve Localization in a Water Distribution System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Bokde ◽  
Kishore Kulat ◽  
Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Pressure Management ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Reference Pressure ◽  
Pressure Reducing Valve

The use of pressure-reducing valves is an efficient pressure management technique for leakage reduction in a water distribution system. It is recommended to place an optimized number and location of pressure-reducing valves in the water distribution system for better sustainability and management. A modified reference pressure algorithm is adopted from the literature for identifying the optimized localization of valves using a simplified algorithm. The modified reference pressure algorithm fails to identify the optimal valve localization in a large-scale water pipeline network. Nodal matrix analysis is proposed for further improvement of the modified reference pressure algorithm. The proposed algorithm provides the preferred pipeline for valve location among all the pressure-reducing valve candidate locations obtained from the modified reference algorithm in complex pipeline networks. The proposed algorithm is utilized for pressure management in a real water network located in Piracicaba, Brazil, called Campos do Conde II. It identifies four pipeline locations as optimal valve candidate locations, compared to 22 locations obtained from the modified reference pressure algorithm. Thus, the presented technique led to a better optimal localization of valves, which contributes to better network optimization, sustainability, and management. The results of the current study evidenced that the adoption of the proposed algorithm leads to an overall reduction in water leakages by 20.08% in the water network.

scholarly journals GPU Acceleration of Hydraulic Transient Simulations of Large-Scale Water Supply Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Wanwan Meng ◽  
Yongguang Cheng ◽  
Jiayang Wu ◽  
Zhiyan Yang ◽  
Yunxian Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Hydraulic Transients ◽  
Practical Applications

Simulating hydraulic transients in ultra-long water (oil, gas) transmission or large-scale distribution systems are time-consuming, and exploring ways to improve the simulation efficiency is an essential research direction. The parallel implementation of the method of characteristics (MOC) on graphics processing unit (GPU) chips is a promising approach for accelerating the simulations, because GPU has a great parallelization ability for massive but simple computations, and the explicit and local features of MOC meet the features of GPU quite well. In this paper, we propose and verify a GPU implementation of MOC on a single chip for more efficient simulations of hydraulic transients. Details of GPU-MOC parallel strategies are introduced, and the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by simulating the benchmark single pipe water hammer problem. The transient processes of a large scale water distribution system and a long-distance water transmission system are simulated to investigate the computing capability of the proposed method. The results show that GPU-MOC method can achieve significant performance gains, and the speedup ratios are up to hundreds compared to the traditional method. This preliminary work demonstrates that GPU-MOC parallel computing has great prospects in practical applications with large computing load.

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