scholarly journals A modified Xinanjiang model and its application in northern China

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihong Hu ◽  
Shenglian Guo ◽  
Lihua Xiong ◽  
Dingzhi Peng
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Xinanjiang Model ◽  
Infiltration Excess ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Better Than

The Xinanjiang model has been widely used in the humid regions in southern China as a basic tool for rainfall–runoff simulation, flood forecasting and water resources planning and management. However, its performance in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern China is usually not so good as in the humid regions. A modified Xinanjiang model, in which runoff generation in the watershed is based on both infiltration excess and saturation excess runoff mechanisms, is presented and discussed. Three different watersheds are selected for assessing and comparing the performance of the Xinanjiang model, the modified Xinanjiang model, the VIC model and the TOPMODEL in rainfall–runoff simulation. It is found that the modified Xinanjiang model performs better than the Xinanjiang model, and the models considering the Horton and Dunne runoff generation mechanisms are slightly better than those models considering the single runoff generation mechanism in semi-arid areas. It is suggested that the infiltration excess runoff mechanism should be included in rainfall–runoff models in arid and semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals A coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modeling system with variable grid sizes for rainfall–runoff simulation in semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds: how does the coupling scale affects the results?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 3933-3949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Tian ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chuanzhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Flood Forecasting ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract. The coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modeling system is an effective way to improve the accuracy of rainfall–runoff modeling and extend the lead time in real-time flood forecasting. The aim of this study is to explore the appropriate coupling scale of the coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modeling system, which is established by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the gridded Hebei model with three different sizes (1 km×1 km, 3 km×3 km and 9 km×9 km). The Hebei model is a conceptual rainfall–runoff model designed to describe a mixed runoff generation mechanism, including both storage excess and infiltration excess, in the semi-humid and semi-dry area of northern China. The soil moisture storage capacity and infiltration capacity of different grids in the gridded Hebei model are obtained and dispersed using the topographic index. The lumped Hebei model is also used to establish the lumped atmospheric–hydrologic coupled system as a reference system. Four 24 h storm events occurring at two small- and medium-scale sub-watersheds in northern China are selected as case studies. Contrastive analyses of the flood process simulations from the gridded and lumped systems are carried out. The results show that the flood simulation results may not always be improved with higher-dimension precision and more complicated system, and the grid size selection has a strong relationship with the rainfall evenness. For the storm events with uniform spatial distribution, the coupling scale has less impact on flood simulation results, and the lumped system also performs well. For the storm events with uneven spatiotemporal distribution, the corrected rainfall can improve the simulation results significantly, and higher resolution leads to better flood process simulation. The results can help to establish the appropriate coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modeling system to improve the flood forecasting accuracy.

On runoff generation and the distribution of storage deficits

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-689
Author(s):  
A. Wood ◽  
K. J. Beven
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Beta Function ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Slow Pathway ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Small Advantage ◽  
Better Than

A number of hydrological models use a distribution function to develop the non-linear rainfall–runoff catchment response. In this study the beta function is applied to represent a distribution of soil moisture storages in conjunction with a fast and slow pathway routing. The BETA3 and BETA4 modules, presented in this paper, have a distribution of discrete storage elements that have variable and redistributed water levels at each timestep. The PDM-BETA5 is an analytical solution with a similar structure to the commonly used probability distribution model (PDM). Model testing was performed on three catchments in the Northern Pennine region in England. The performances of the BETA models were compared with a commonly used formulation of the PDM. The BETA models performed marginally better than the PDM in calibration and parameter estimation was better with the BETA models than for the PDM. The BETA models had a small advantage in validation on the hydrologically fast responding test catchments.

scholarly journals Overwintering, Cold Tolerance and Supercooling Capacity Comparison Between Liriomyza Sativae and L. Trifolii, Two Successively Invaded Leafminers in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qikai Zhang ◽  
Shengyong Wu ◽  
Haihong Wang ◽  
Zhonglong Xing ◽  
Zhongren Lei
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Competitive Displacement ◽  
Expansion Process ◽  
Supercooling Point ◽  
Liriomyza Sativae ◽  
Horticultural Plants ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Liriomyza sativae Blanchard and Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) are two highly polyphagous pests that successively invaded China in the 1990s and 2000s, respectively, threatening vegetable and horticultural plants. Competitive displacement of L. sativae by L. trifolii occurred during the expansion process of the latter in southern China. However, whether L. trifolii can expand their range to northern China and, if so, how they compete with L. sativae in northern China remains unclear. Overwintering and cold tolerance capacity largely determine the species distribution range and can affect species displacement through overwintering and phenology. In this study, we compared the overwintering potential, cold tolerance and supercooling point (SCP) between these two leafminer species. Our results showed that L. trifolii can overwinter at higher altitudes than L. sativae. In addition, we found that they can both successfully overwinter in greenhouses in northern China, and the overwintering capacity of L. trifolii was higher than that of L. sativae. Moreover, the extreme low-temperature survival of L. trifolii was significantly higher than that of L. sativae, and the SCP of the former was lower than that of the latter. We thus conclude that the overwintering and cold tolerance capacity of L. trifolii is much better than that of L. sativae. Our findings indicate that L. trifolii has the potential to displace L. sativae and expand its range to northern China. Moreover, our results have important implications for predicting overwinter ranges and developing management strategies for invasive leafminers in China.

scholarly journals A coupled atmospheric-hydrologic modeling system with variable grid sizes for rainfall-runoff simulation in semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds: How does the coupling scale affects the results?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Tian ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chuanzhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Flood Forecasting ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract. The coupled atmospheric-hydrologic modeling system is an effective way in improving the accuracy of rainfall-runoff modeling and extending the lead time in real-time flood forecasting. The aim of this study is to explore the appropriate coupling scale of the coupled atmospheric-hydrologic modeling system, which is established by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the gridded Hebei model with three different sizes (1 × 1 km, 3 × 3 km and 9 × 9 km). The soil moisture storage capacity and infiltration capacity of different grids in the gridded Hebei model are obtained and dispersed using the topographic index. The lumped Hebei model is also used to establish the lumped atmospheric-hydrologic coupled system as a reference system. Four 24 h storm events occurring at two small and medium-scale sub-watersheds in northern China are selected as cases study. Contrastive analyses of the flood process simulations from the gridded and lumped systems are carried out. The results show that the flood simulation results may not always be improved with higher dimension precision and more complicated system, and the grid size selection has a great relationship with the rainfall evenness. For the storm events with uniform spatial distribution, the coupling scale has less impact on flood simulation results, and the lumped system also performs well. For the storm events with uneven spatiotemporal distribution, the corrected rainfall can improve the simulation results significantly, and higher resolution lead to better flood process simulation. The results can help to establish the appropriate coupled atmospheric-hydrologic modeling system to improve the flood forecasting accuracy.

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