scholarly journals Simulation of seawater intrusion in the Nile Delta aquifer under the conditions of climate change

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1198-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany Abd-Elhamid ◽  
Akbar Javadi ◽  
Ismail Abdelaty ◽  
Mohsen Sherif
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Unsaturated Soils ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Piezometric Head

The problem of seawater intrusion is encountered in almost all coastal aquifers. Because of its higher density, the seawater migrates inland into freshwater aquifers even without any pumping activities. Excessive pumping of groundwater would accelerate seawater intrusion. Climate change and sea level rise represent critical parameters affecting the rate and degree of seawater intrusion. In this paper, a coupled transient finite element model for simulation of fluid flow and solute transport in saturated and unsaturated soils (2D-FEST) is employed to study the seawater intrusion in the Nile Delta aquifer. The results of the current model are compared to results of SEAWAT for model verification. The (2D-FEST) model is used to investigate seawater intrusion considering the impacts of climate change. Three scenarios are studied: (a) rise in sea level, (b) decline of the piezometric head at the land side due to excessive pumping, and (c) combination of sea level rise and decline of the piezometric head. The results show that the rise in the sea level has a significant effect on the position of the transition zone. The third scenario represents the worst case under which the groundwater quality would deteriorate in large areas of the Nile Delta aquifer.

scholarly journals Investigation and control of seawater intrusion in the Eastern Nile Delta aquifer considering climate change

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany F. Abd-Elhamid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
And Control

Seawater intrusion is considered one of the main processes that degrade water quality by raising salinity. Over-pumping and decreasing recharge are considered the main causes of saltwater intrusion. Moreover, climate change and sea-level rise accelerate saltwater intrusion. In this paper SEAWAT code was used to study groundwater flow and seawater intrusion in the Eastern Nile Delta aquifer considering four scenarios of climate change including sea-level rise, increasing abstraction, decreasing recharge and the combination of these scenarios. The results showed that decreasing recharge has a significant effect on seawater intrusion. However, the combinations of these scenarios resulted in harmful intrusion and loss of groundwater. The soil salinity increased, which decreased agricultural production. The control of seawater intrusion and protection of groundwater resources and soil is very important. Different scenarios were implemented to protect the aquifer from seawater intrusion including decreasing abstraction, increasing recharge, abstracting brackish water and the combination of these three scenarios. The abstraction of brackish water gave a higher reduction of seawater intrusion and decreased groundwater table in the aquifer near the shore line, which protected the soil from salinity and increased agricultural production. However, the combination of these three scenarios gave the highest reduction of seawater intrusion.

Impact of over-pumping and sea level rise on seawater intrusion in Gaza aquifer (Palestine)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Abd-Elhamid ◽  
A. A. Javadi ◽  
K. M. Qahman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Piezometric Head ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
And Sea Level

Seawater intrusion is considered as one of the main processes that degrade water quality by raising salinity to levels exceeding acceptable drinking water standards. Over-abstraction is the main cause of seawater intrusion. Moreover, climate change and sea level rise speed up seawater intrusion. This paper presents the development of a coupled transient finite element model for simulation of fluid flow and solute transport in soils and its application to study seawater intrusion in Gaza aquifer. The effects of likely sea level rise due to climate change and over-pumping on seawater intrusion in Gaza aquifer are studied using three scenarios: rise in sea level due to climate change; decrease in piezometric head on the land side due to over-pumping; and a combination of sea level rise and over-pumping. The results show that a rise of 1 m in sea level has a significant effect on the position of the transition zone and can result in a further 0.5 km seawater intrusion in Gaza aquifer. However, the combination of sea level rise and over-pumping results in movement of the transition zone further inland (nearly 1.0 km). The results show that Gaza aquifer is subjected to severe seawater intrusion from the Mediterranean Sea and there is an urgent need to protect the aquifer from seawater intrusion.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary assessment of sea-level rise and climate change impacts on the lower Nile delta, Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
Lydia S. Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia ◽  
Niklas Baumert ◽  
Julia Kloos ◽  
Fabrice G. Renaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Interdisciplinary Assessment

scholarly journals Assessing Impacts of Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise on Seawater Intrusion in a Coastal Aquifer

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Chun ◽  
Changmook Lim ◽  
Daeha Kim ◽  
Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Coastal Aquifer ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change ◽  
And Sea Level

scholarly journals Modeling and Mapping of coastal aquifer vulnerability to seawater intrusion using SEAWAT code and GALDIT index technique: the case of the Rmel aquifer – Larache, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Mohamed Jalal El Hamidi ◽  
Abdelkader Larabi ◽  
Mohamed Faouzi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
The North ◽  
And Sea Level

The study area of Rmel-O. Ogbane aquifer, located in the north of Morocco, currently faces major water challenges related to the sustainable management of water resources. Climate change and Sea-Level-Rise can increase the risks and costs of water resources management and impact water resources' quantity and quality. Hence, for planning and management, an integrated approach is developed for linking climate models and groundwater models to investigate future impacts of climate change on groundwater resources. Climate projections show an increase in temperature of about 0.45 °C and a reduction in precipitation of 16.7% for 2016-2050. Simulations of seawater intrusion corresponding to various combinations of groundwater extraction predicted climate change and sea-level-rise show that the area will be contaminated on the NW sector of the coastal part. The toe would reach about 5.2 km inland and intrude on high salinity (15–25g/l). Beyond these zones, the contamination of the aquifer will be limited. Moreover, these results were confirmed by the application of the GALDIT method. They reveal that the fringe littoral areas of the aquifer are the most affected by seawater intrusion, with a high risk in the north-western part of the study area.

Impact of sea level rise and over-pumping on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Abd-Elhamid ◽  
A. A. Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Coastal Aquifers ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Individual

Climate change, sea level rise, over-pumping and saltwater intrusion present some of the future challenges of water resources management in coastal areas. Over-abstraction is considered one of the main causes of seawater intrusion and the rise in sea levels accelerates the intrusion. With the combined impact of sea level rise and over-pumping the problem becomes exacerbated and requires urgent solutions. Previous studies have mainly focused on the study of impact of sea level rise or over-abstraction on seawater intrusion separately and their combined effects have not been studied in the literature. This paper presents application of a coupled transient density-dependent finite element model to simulate seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers and investigates the individual and combined effects of likely sea level rise and over-pumping on seawater intrusion. Three scenarios are considered: rise in sea levels due to climate change, decline in groundwater table due to over-pumping and combination of sea level rise and over-pumping. The results show that, in the case study considered in this paper, the rise in the sea level moved the transition zone inland by about 5%. However, the combination of sea level rise and over-pumping resulted in further inland movement of the transition zone (about 8%). The amount of intrusion greatly depends on the depth, size and properties of the aquifer. While the intrusion is a few metres in a small aquifer, it could be several kilometres in a large aquifer.

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