scholarly journals Bridging sanitation engineering and planning: theory and practice in Burkina Faso

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McConville ◽  
Jaan-Henrik Kain ◽  
Elisabeth Kvarnström ◽  
Gunno Renman
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Procedural Planning

The global challenge of providing sanitation services to the un-served underlines a need to change the way in which sanitation planning and service provision is approached. This paper offers a framework for categorizing sanitation projects planning processes based on planning steps and procedural planning theory to help engineers and sanitation planners gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics of these processes. The analysis identifies and discusses trends in both guidelines and actual sanitation programs. The results show that contemporary sanitation planning guidelines and field projects utilize patchwork processes of different planning modes, although the step of designing options is dominated by an expert-driven, rational-comprehensive approach. The use of planning theory can help engineers to ask critical questions about the objectives of the planning process and to develop context-appropriate planning processes that will make a difference for improving sanitation service provision.

scholarly journals The social and political realities of marine spatial planning: some land-based reflections

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Kidd ◽  
Dave Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Planning Processes

Abstract This paper highlights the value for marine spatial planning (MSP) of engaging with terrestrial planning theory and practice. It argues that the traditions of reflection, critique, and debate that are a feature of land-based planning can inform the development of richer theoretical underpinnings of MSP as well as MSP practice. The case is illustrated by tempering the view that MSP can be a rational planning process that can follow universal principles and steps by presenting an alternative perspective that sees MSP as a social and political process that is highly differentiated and place-specific. This perspective is discussed with reference to four examples. First, the paper considers why history, culture, and administrative context lead to significant differences in how planning systems are organized. Second, it highlights that planning systems and processes tend to be in constant flux as they respond to changing social and political viewpoints. Third, it discusses why the integration ambitions which are central to “spatial” planning require detailed engagement with locally specific social and political circumstances. Fourth, it focuses on the political and social nature of plan implementation and how different implementation contexts need to inform the design of planning processes and the style of plans produced.

Participatory planning in a low-income neighbourhood in Ontario, Canada: building capacity and collaborative interactions for influence

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa F Nasca ◽  
Nadine Changfoot ◽  
Stephen D Hill
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Collaborative Interactions ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Planning Experts

AbstractThis research evaluated a community-led participatory planning process that sought to involve citizens who are often marginalized within planning processes. Participatory planning – which is theoretically informed by communicative planning theory – may shift the legacy of power and marginalization within planning processes and improve planning outcomes, foster social cohesion, and enhance the quality of urban life. The two-year Stewart Street Active Neighbourhoods Canada (ANC) project aimed to build capacity among residents of a low-income neighbourhood in Peterborough, Ontario and to influence City planning processes impacting the neighbourhood. The project, led by a community-based organization, GreenUP, fostered collaborative interactions between residents and planning experts and supported residents to build and leverage collective power within planning processes. The participatory planning approach applied in the Stewart Street ANC transformed – and at times unintentionally reproduced – inequitable power relations within the planning process. Importantly, we found that GreenUP was a vital power broker between marginalized residents and more formal power holders, and successfully supported residents to voice their collective visions within professionalized planning contexts.

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainable Nitrogen Management in Mixed Farming Landscapes Based on Collaborative Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2140
Author(s):  
Andreas Aa. Christensen ◽  
Peter S. Andersen ◽  
Chris Kjeldsen ◽  
Morten Graversgaard ◽  
Erling Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Collaborative Planning ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Farming Landscapes ◽  
Sustainable Futures

Regulation of nitrogen (N) loss from the agri-environment is a global challenge with dire consequences for food production and environmental management. This is also the case in Denmark where regulation largely relies on general measures for reducing N inputs. These measures have significantly reduced nitrogen emissions, but further reduction is needed to achieve sustainable low levels of N transport to freshwater and marine ecosystems in compliance with standards set by the EU Water Framework Directive. As an alternative to general regulation, we tested a watershed-based, collaborative planning approach, engaging stakeholders in solution identification. Six watersheds with substantial agricultural production were used as test areas. A collaborative planning process of two stakeholder workshops embedded within a scenario formulation process was executed. Stakeholder inputs about possible, desirable and sustainable futures were used to formulate scenarios, for which N reduction effects were calculated. Upon conclusion of this process, results were assessed using a structured evaluation method. Results indicate that the process we tested was successful in terms of (1) engaging relevant stakeholders, (2) providing relevant data, (3) achieving processual flexibility, (4) including local knowledge and (5) facilitating a creative and explorative process. On this basis, suggestions for improving collaborative planning processes are provided.

scholarly journals Participation in sanitation planning in Burkina Faso: theory and practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. McConville ◽  
J.-H. Kain ◽  
E. Kvarnström ◽  
L. Ulrich
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Theory And Practice

Stakeholder participation is commonly promoted as a means to boost outcomes of sanitation improvement projects, in particular in developing countries. However, there is little research on when or how this participation should occur during the process of planning a sanitation system in order to maximize the effect. This study develops a framework for analysing participation levels of different stakeholders throughout a planning process and applies it to sanitation planning guidelines and case studies from Burkina Faso. This analysis highlights that, particularly during designing of system options and selecting among these options, there exist potential weaknesses regarding who participates and how that participation may influence what type of sanitation is implemented.

Planning Systems and Policy Implementation

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Hambleton
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Fiscal Crisis ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Procedural Planning ◽  
Major Factors

ABSTRACTThis article relates two developing themes in planning theory and practice in government: the proliferation in recent years in Britain of policy planning systems and the concern in a number of countries with processes of implementation. The growth of policy planning systems can be analysed from a number of perspectives: (1) procedural planning theory; (2) interorganisational theory and (3) the theory of fiscal crisis. The paper discusses five major factors which shape the implementation process in relation to policy planning systems: (1) the policy message; (2) the multiplicity of agents; (3) perspectives and ideologies; (4) resources; (5) the politics of planning.

A Materialist Basis for Planning Theory and Practice: Comments on the Papers by Roweis and by Forester

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Jensen-Butler
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
Base Analysis ◽  
Epistemological Position

Analysis of the practice of planning is increasingly being used to develop planning theory, The papers by Roweis and Forester in the second issue of Environment and Planning D: Society and Space base analysis of planning practice on hermeneutic, linguistic, and phenomenological approaches, as an alternative to the technical -rational approach to planning theory, In the present paper, I argue that the approaches adopted by these two authors create more problems than they solve, and a critique of Roweis's and Forester's theoretical ideas is made, It is argued that these approaches rest upon idealist ontological assumptions, rendering explanation of qualitative change (development) impossible. Discussion of Giddens's concept of structuration and of the negative consequences for scientific explanation of Habermas's epistemological position is presented, as both approaches are used by Roweis and Forester. Criticism is also made of the separation of territorial relations from relations of substance. Finally, the serious consequences of their approaches for scientific and social practice are outlined. I conclude that this type of approach cannot provide a satisfactory basis for planning theory, and furthermore, that the approach is inherently conservative. Some ideas arc presented concerning planning theory based on materialist ontological foundations.

Strategic collection planning: Theory and practice

Zoo Biology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hutchins ◽  
Kevin Willis ◽  
Robert J. Wiese
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory

Optimization of adaptive network economic and mathematical modeling of business planning process control

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Andrey Shorikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
New Method ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Business Planning ◽  
Planning Processes

The article is devoted to the application of economic and mathematical models of business planning management based on the use of the feedback principle. As the objective function (evaluation toolkit) of the task, the value of the execution time of the entire business project, which must be minimized, is considered. To solve this problem, it is proposed to form a class of admissible strategies for optimal adaptive control of the implementation process; as well as a specific business project using network economic and mathematical modeling is worked out. Within the limits of these strategies, the method of achieving optimal self-adjusting control of business planning processes is determined, the optimal execution time and the optimal timetable for the implementation of the project are determined. The main feature of the proposed new method is the ability to take into account the real conditions for the implementation works of the concrete project, which makes it possible to timely adjust the process of management of business planning and prevent disruptions in its implementation. This method also serves as the basis for constructing numerical algorithms for the development and creating the automated systems for realization of optimal adaptive control of business planning processes. The results obtained are illustrated on a specific business project for opening a public catering enterprise and show a high degree of efficiency in using the new method.

scholarly journals Constitutional and post-constitutional problems: Reconsidering the issues of public interest, agonistic pluralism and private property in planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Moroni
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Planning Problems ◽  
Agonistic Pluralism

In the field of planning theory the discussion often seems to assume that all problems – for example, ethical or political ones – pertain to a single level or dimension. In fact, different and clearly separate “levels”, which raise problems of different kinds, can be distinguished. A “multi-level” approach therefore seems necessary. The underlying idea is that it is essential to distinguish more sharply between two analytical levels: the constitutional and post-constitutional levels. These levels are here understood mainly as analytical levels; that is, as standpoints that anyone can – at any time and even only hypothetically – assume to posit certain problems at the appropriate level and treat them by acknowledging the argumentative requirements suited to that level. This article uses such a multi-level approach to address three fundamental and currently much debated problems of planning theory and practice: the issue of “agonistic pluralism”; the issue of “public interest”; the question of “private ownership (of land)”. The contribution of this article falls within the neoinstitutionalist approaches to planning. The belief is that these approaches are shedding new light on planning problems and that research in this direction should be expanded. In this regard, this article attempts to make a contribution to this research perspective especially in analytical and methodological terms.

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