Evolution characteristics and relationship of meteorological and hydrological droughts from 1961 to 2018 in Hanjiang River Basin, China

Abstract In the context of global warming and increasing human activities, the acceleration of the water cycle will increase the risk of basin drought. In this study, to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of hydrological and meteorological droughts over the Hanjiang River Basin (HRB); the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) were selected and applied for the period 1961–2018. In addition, the cross-wavelet method was used to discuss the relationship between hydrological drought and meteorological droughts. The results and analysis indicated that: (1) the meteorological drought in the HRB showed a complex cyclical change trend of flood-drought-flood from 1961 to 2018. The basin drought began to intensify from 1990s and eased in 2010s. The characteristics of drought evolution in various regions are different based on scale. (2) During the past 58 years, the hydrological drought in the HRB has shown a significant trend of intensification, particularly in autumn season. Also, the hydrological droughts had occurred frequently since the 1990s, and there were also regional differences in the evolution characteristics of drought in various regions. (3) Reservoir operation reduces the frequency of extreme hydrological drought events. The effect of reducing the duration and intensity of hydrological drought events by releasing water from the reservoir is most obvious at Huangjiagang Station, which is the nearest to Danjiangkou Reservoir. (4) The hydrological drought and meteorological drought in the HRB have the strongest correlation on the yearly scale. After 1990, severe human activities and climate change are not only reduced the correlation between hydrological drought and meteorological drought in the middle and lower reaches of the basin, but also reduced the lag time between them. Among them, the hydrological drought in the upper reaches of the basin lags behind the meteorological drought by 1 month, and the hydrological drought in the middle and lower reaches of the basin has changed from 2 months before 1990 to 1 month lagging after 1990.

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Evolution Characteristics and Relationship of Meteorological and Hydrological Droughts from 1961 to 2018 in Hanjiang River Basin, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-450218/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lin Wang ◽

Jianyun Zhang ◽

Amgad Elmahdi ◽

Zhangkang Shu ◽

Zhenxin Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Human Activities ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Evolution Characteristics ◽

Hanjiang River ◽

Hydrological Droughts ◽

Meteorological Droughts

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Drought Characteristics and Propagation in the Semiarid Heihe River Basin in Northwestern China

Journal of Hydrometeorology ◽

10.1175/jhm-d-18-0129.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 59-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Feng Ma ◽

Lifeng Luo ◽

Aizhong Ye ◽

Qingyun Duan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

River Basin ◽

Human Activities ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Heihe River ◽

Propagation Time ◽

Drought Characteristics ◽

Hydrological Droughts

Abstract Meteorological and hydrological droughts can bring different socioeconomic impacts. In this study, we investigated meteorological and hydrological drought characteristics and propagation using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized streamflow index (SSI), over the upstream and midstream of the Heihe River basin (UHRB and MHRB, respectively). The correlation analysis and cross-wavelet transform were adopted to explore the relationship between meteorological and hydrological droughts in the basin. Three modeling experiments were performed to quantitatively understand how climate change and human activities influence hydrological drought and propagation. Results showed that meteorological drought characteristics presented little difference between UHRB and MHRB, while hydrological drought events are more frequent in the MHRB. In the UHRB, there were positive relationships between meteorological and hydrological droughts, whereas drought events became less frequent but longer when meteorological drought propagated into hydrological drought. Human activities have obviously changed the positive correlation to negative in the MHRB, especially during warm and irrigation seasons. The propagation time varied with seasonal climate characteristics and human activities, showing shorter values due to higher evapotranspiration, reservoir filling, and irrigation. Quantitative evaluation showed that climate change was inclined to increase streamflow and propagation time, contributing from −57% to 63%. However, more hydrological droughts and shorter propagation time were detected in the MHRB because human activities play a dominant role in water consumption with contribution rate greater than (−)89%. This study provides a basis for understanding the mechanism of hydrological drought and for the development of improved hydrological drought warning and forecasting system in the HRB.

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Application of the Hidden Markov Bayesian Classifier and Propagation Concept for Probabilistic Assessment of Meteorological and Hydrological Droughts in South Korea

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11091000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1000

Author(s):

Muhammad Nouman Sattar ◽

Muhammad Jehanzaib ◽

Ji Eun Kim ◽

Hyun-Han Kwon ◽

Tae-Woong Kim

Keyword(s):

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Bayesian Classifier ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Data Availability ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Hydrological Droughts ◽

Drought Classes

Drought is one of the most destructive natural hazards and results in negative effects on the environment, agriculture, economics, and society. A meteorological drought originates from atmospheric components, while a hydrological drought is influenced by properties of the hydrological cycle and generally induced by a continuous meteorological drought. Several studies have attempted to explain the cross dependencies between meteorological and hydrological droughts. However, these previous studies did not consider the propagation of drought classes. Therefore, in this study, to consider the drought propagation concept and to probabilistically assess the meteorological and hydrological drought classes, characterized by the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI), respectively, we employed the Markov Bayesian Classifier (MBC) model that combines the procedure of iteration of feature extraction, classification, and application for assessment of drought classes for both SPI and SRI. The classification results were compared using the observed SPI and SRI, as well as with previous findings, which demonstrated that the MBC was able to reasonably determine drought classes. The accuracy of the MBC model in predicting all the classes of meteorological drought varies from 36 to 76% and in predicting all the classes of hydrological drought varies from 33 to 70%. The advantage of the MBC-based classification is that it considers drought propagation, which is very useful for planning, monitoring, and mitigation of hydrological drought in areas having problems related to hydrological data availability.

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Seasonal drought predictability and forecast skill in the semi-arid endorheic Heihe River basin in Northwestern China

10.5194/hess-2018-405 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Feng Ma ◽

Lifeng Luo ◽

Aizhong Ye ◽

Qingyun Duan

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Climate Models ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Forecast Skill ◽

Heihe River Basin ◽

Heihe River ◽

Drought Forecasting

Abstract. Endorheic and arid regions around the world are suffering from serious drought problems. In this study, a drought forecasting system based on eight state-of-the-art climate models from North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) and a Distributed Time-Variant Gain Hydrological Model (DTVGM) was established and assessed over the upstream and midstream of Heihe River basin (UHRB and MHRB), a typical arid endorheic basin. The 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI3) and 1-month Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI1) were used to capture meteorological and hydrological drought, and values below -1 indicate drought events. The skill of the forecasting systems was evaluated in terms of Anomaly Correlation (AC) and Brier skill score (BSS). The UHRB and MHRB showed season-dependent meteorological drought predictability and forecast skill, with higher values during winter and autumn than that during spring. For hydrological forecasts, the forecast skill in the UHRB was higher than that in MHRB. Predicting meteorological droughts more than 2 months in advance became difficult because of complex climate mechanism. However, the hydrological drought forecasts could show some skills up to 3–6 lead months due to memory of initial hydrologic conditions (ICs) during cold and dry seasons. During wet seasons, there's no skillful hydrological predictions since lead-2 month because the dominant role of meteorological forcings. During spring, the improvement of hydrological drought predictions is the most significant as more streamflow was generated by seasonal snowmelt. Besides meteorological forcings and ICs, human activities have reduced the hydrological variability and increased hydrological predictability during the wet seasons in the MHRB.

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Relationships between meteorological and hydrological drought in a young-glacial zone (north-western Poland)based on Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI)

Acta Montanistica Slovaca ◽

10.46544/ams.v25i4.07 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 517-531

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Precipitation Index ◽

Standardised Precipitation Index ◽

Hydrological Droughts ◽

The Relationship ◽

North Western ◽

Meteorological Droughts ◽

Standardized Runoff Index

This study aims to indicate the relationship between meteorological drought and hydrological drought on the example of a lakeland catchment in north-western Poland. The Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardised Runoff Index (SRI) were used to identify drought during 1-, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month cumulation periods. In the study period 1971–2015, 13 to 62 meteorological droughts and 6 to 21 hydrological droughts were identified. The highest number of droughts occurred for the shortest cumulation period (1 month) and the lowest number for the longest cumulation period (12 months). The relationship between SPI and SRI coefficients over the annual course was strongest for the 9-month cumulation period. The highest correlation coefficient was obtained for February.

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ASSESSING DROUGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF MELAKA BASIN USING JOINT METEOROLOGICAL AND STREAMFLOW INDICES

The Journal of The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia ◽

10.54552/v80i1.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kee An Hong ◽

Jer Lang Hong ◽

Izihan Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Drought Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Drought Indices ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Streamflow Data ◽

Hydrological Droughts ◽

Drought Occurrence ◽

Meteorological Droughts

In this study, drought occurrence in the Melaka basin has been assessed using the meteorological and hydrological drought indices. A continuous rainfall and streamflow data of 40 years were used for drought analysis. Results show that in terms of meteorological drought index, the severe drought occurred in 1986-1988. The streamflow drought index indicates that the extreme drought occurred in 1982-1984. Further analysis based on seasonal precipitation and streamflow data shows that there is no drought for 79% of the time for the period 1960-2000 where there are hydrological records. For most of the dry and wet seasons, it is more likely that the frequency of occurrence of hydrological droughts only is higher than the frequency of occurrence of meteorological and hydrological droughts simultaneously or only meteorological droughts.

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Evaluation of the impacts of human activities on propagation from meteorological drought to hydrological drought in the Weihe River Basin, China

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153030 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 153030

Author(s):

Te Zhang ◽

Xiaoling Su ◽

Gengxi Zhang ◽

Haijiang Wu ◽

Guanzhi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Human Activities ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Weihe River ◽

Weihe River Basin

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Application of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Indices to Establish Drought Classification Maps of the Ba River Basin in Vietnam

Hydrology ◽

10.3390/hydrology6020049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Doan Quang Tri ◽

Tran Tho Dat ◽

Dinh Duc Truong

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Drought Index ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Swat Model ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Aridity Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Drought Indices ◽

Calibration And Validation

The objective of this study was to establish drought classification maps to simulate and calculate the lack of discharge in the Ba River basin in Vietnam. The maps were established using three meteorological drought indices (the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Drought Index (J), and the Ped Index (Ped)), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and the hydrological drought index (KDrought). The results from the calculation of the SPI, Aridity Index (AI), and Ped at three stations (An Khe, Ayunpa, and MDrak) showed that the J index was suitable for the study area. Based on the J index, an extreme drought was predicted to occur at the Ayunpa, An Khe, and MDrak stations. During the calibration process, the SWAT Calibration Uncertainties Program (SWAT-CUP) model, with automatic algorithms, was used to select the parameters to optimize the SWAT model. For the calibration and validation, the observed discharge at two hydrology stations, An Khe and Cung Son, from the periods 1981–1991 and 1992–2002, respectively, were used. The simulated discharge was found to be acceptable, with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Percent bias (PBIAS), and R2 reaching good levels in both calibration and validation. The results from the calculation of the drought index (KDrought), and the established drought classification maps in 2016, showed that the most affected areas were the communes of the Gia Lai and Dak Lak provinces. The results from the simulation and calculations were found to be consistent with the situation that occurred in practice. The application of meteorological and hydrological drought indices, as well as the hydrological model, to support impact assessments of drought classification in space and time, as well as the establishment of forecasting and warning maps, will help managers to effectively plan policy responses to drought.

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Spatiotemporal Response of Hydrological Drought to Meteorological Drought on Multi-Time Scales Concerning Endorheic Basin

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18179074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (17) ◽

pp. 9074

Author(s):

Nina Zhu ◽

Jianhua Xu ◽

Gang Zeng ◽

Xianzhong Cao

Keyword(s):

Time Scale ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽

Reanalysis Data ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Transform Method ◽

Endorheic Basin ◽

Hydrological Droughts ◽

Spatiotemporal Response

Under the controversial background of “Northwestern China is gradually developing towards warm and humid”, how hydrological drought responds to meteorological drought at the endorheic basin is of great significance. To address this problem, we first analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological and hydrological droughts at Tarim Basin River from 1960 to 2014 by using the daily standardized precipitation index (SPI) and daily standardized terrestrial water storage index (SWSI) based on the reanalysis data. Thereafter, we explored the spatiotemporal response of hydrological drought to meteorological drought on the multi-time scale by using the cross-wavelet transform method, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), and correlation analysis. We find that: (1) both meteorological and hydrological droughts signified a gradually weakened trend in time; (2) meteorological and hydrological drought have significant resonance periods on the 10-month time scale and the 8-year time scale; (3) hydrological drought generally lags behind the meteorological drought by 7 days in plains areas, while it can last as long as several months or even a year in mountainous areas.

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Evaluation of the relationship between meteorological and hydrological droughts in the southern Iberian Peninsula

10.5194/ems2021-354 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emilio Romero-Jiménez ◽

Matilde García-Valdecasas Ojeda ◽

Patricio Yeste ◽

Juan José Rosa-Cánovas ◽

Sonia Raquel Gámiz-Fortis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Iberian Peninsula ◽

River Flow ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Major Effect ◽

Hydrological Drought ◽

Drought Indices ◽

Hydrological Response ◽

Hydrological Droughts

Society is facing a challenge due to climate change. Particularly, there are several areas where droughts will impact economic activities and landscapes, and decisions must be made in order to alleviate these effects. River flow regulation plays a major role in this regard, since it reduces the existing correlation between meteorological and hydrological droughts. The aim of this work is to investigate the response of hydrological drought to meteorological drought under the influence of reservoir. To this effect, the Guadalquivir River Basin, in the southern Iberian Peninsula, has been studied. The aridity of this basin is expected to increase in the future, with longer and more severe meteorological droughts. Moreover, the Guadalquivir presents a strong regulation along its course. Therefore, streamflow and precipitation data have been analysed. With these data, meteorological and hydrological drought indices, such as the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI), have been calculated, focusing on how they correlate based on time scale and spatial distribution. The meteorological drought indices have been calculated in varying time scales, showing that the hydrological response is different depending on characteristics such as orography and river section. The correlation between the indices is generally strong in the study area, but the results show that its importance decreases as the streamflow becomes more regulated. The results of this study could be added to the current tools for decision making in the economic fields that are most affected by droughts. Since droughts are a major effect of climate change in the area, this study could also act as a first step for the study of future droughts through climate and hydrological models. Keywords: Drought indices, river regulation, hydrological response. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was funded by the FEDER / Junta de Andaluc&#237;a - Ministry of Economy and Knowledge / Project [B-RNM-336-UGR18], and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, with additional support from the European Community Funds (FEDER) [CGL2017-89836-R].

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