scholarly journals Comparative study on nutrient removal of agricultural non-point source pollution for three filter media filling schemes in eco-soil reactors

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608
Author(s):  
Fuyi Du ◽  
Qingjie Xie ◽  
Longxiang Fang ◽  
Hang Su
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Nutrient Removal Efficiency ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution have been increasingly recognized as a major contributor to the deterioration of water quality in recent years. The purpose of this article is to investigate the discrepancies in interception of nutrients in agricultural NPS pollution for eco-soil reactors using different filling schemes. Parallel eco-soil reactors of laboratory scale were created and filled with filter media, such as grit, zeolite, limestone, and gravel. Three filling schemes were adopted: increasing-sized filling (I-filling), decreasing-sized filling (D-filling), and blend-sized filling (B-filling). The systems were intermittent operations via simulated rainstorm runoff. The nutrient removal efficiency, biomass accumulation and vertical dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution were defined to assess the performance of eco-soil. The results showed that B-filling reactor presented an ideal DO for partial nitrification–denitrification across the eco-soil, and B-filling was the most stable in the change of bio-film accumulation trends with depth in the three fillings. Simultaneous and highest removals of NH4+-N (57.74–70.52%), total nitrogen (43.69–54.50%), and total phosphorus (42.50–55.00%) were obtained in the B-filling, demonstrating the efficiency of the blend filling schemes of eco-soil for oxygen transfer and biomass accumulation to cope with agricultural NPS pollution.

scholarly journals Optimum Detailed Standards to Control Non-Point Source Pollution Priority Management Areas: Centered on Highland Agriculture Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9842
Author(s):  
Jinsun Kim ◽  
Baekyung Park ◽  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Minji Park ◽  
Jong Mun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Geologic Structure ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Field Area ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

The Ministry of Environment in Korea aims to reduce non-point source (NPS) pollution and improve soil water management by expanding NPS priority management areas. Six NPS priority management areas to reduce suspended solids (SS) according to soil loss were chosen as they either constitute serious hazards to the natural ecosystem due to NPS pollutants or they are areas with unusual geologic structure or strata. Although more comprehensive standards are required for effective NPS management, however, no detailed consideration factors and standards are available in the legal provisions. Therefore, in this study, based on the existing six priority NPS management areas and using results from previous studies, we present detailed legal designation standards. We found that the higher the altitude, slope, and field area ratio, the higher the effect of SS on water quality during rainfall. Additionally, there is a high correlation as R2 0.9813 between SS and the habitat and riparian index. These results are useful for establishing detailed standards for areas requiring an NPS management system, future expansion of the NPS priority management area designation, and policymaking and research for reducing NPS pollution in Korea.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Forest Characteristics on Non-point Source Pollution: A Case Study at Chaohu Basin, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Liangjie Wang ◽  
Junfeng Xiong ◽  
Lingyun Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Pollution Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Forestland is a key land use/land cover (LULC) type that affects nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, and has great impacts on the spatiotemporal features of watershed NPS pollution. In this study, the forestland characteristics of the Chaohu Basin, China, were quantitatively represented using forestland types (FLTs), watershed forest coverage (WFC) and forest distance from the river (DFR). To clarify the impact of forests on NPS pollution, the relationship between forestland characteristics and watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP) was explored on a monthly scale using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and the period simulation was 2008–2016. The results showed that: (1) the TN and TP showed similar output characteristics and the rainy season was the peak period of nitrogen and phosphorus output. (2) Among the forestland characteristics of forestland types, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river had greater effects than forestland types on the control of watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP). (3) In different forestland types, the watershed nutrient outputs intensity remained at the lowest level when the FLTs was mixed forest, with a TN output of 1244.73kg/km2 and TP output of 341.39 kg/km2. (4) The watershed nutrient outputs and watershed forest coverage were negatively correlated, with the highest watershed forest coverage (over 75%) reducing the TN outputs by 56.69% and the TP outputs by 53.46% compared to the lowest watershed forest coverage (below 25%), it showed that in areas with high forest land coverage, the non-point source pollution load in the watershed is smaller than in other areas. (5) forest distance from the river had an uncertain effect on the TN and TP output of the basin, the forestland itself is a source of pollution, but it also has the function of intercepting pollution movement; the forest distance from the river in the range of 500–1000 m had the lowest NPS pollution. Considering the different forest characteristics and topographical factors, an optimal allocation mode of differentiated forest land was proposed, these suggestions will provide a scheme for surface source pollution prevention and control in the basin. This research gap is the basis of real forestland optimization. We may optimize the forestland layout for NPS pollution prevention and control by clarifying the internal mechanism.

Spatial Distribution of Non-Point Source Pollution in Nansihu Watershed Based on SWAT Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2812-2815
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Zu Lu Zhang ◽  
Yuan Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Point Source ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Dissolved Form ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Non-point source (NPS) pollution load of N and P in Nansihu watershed were simulated based on SWAT model. The Sihe watershed was selected as typical watershed for east of the lake, and the Dongyu watershed was selected as typical watershed for west of lake. The two typical watersheds were simulated respectively, and then the models were used to simulate the other rivers basins in the Nansihu watershed. Data collected in the period from 2001 to 2007 was used for calibration, while data collected from 2008 to 2010 was used for validation. Then the spatial distribution of NPS pollution in Nansihu watershed (2010) was simulated with the validated model. The result indicated that the SWAT model could simulate the no-point source pollution in Nansihu watershed with high-precision. The watershed was polluted seriously with N and P. The TN was mainly composed of dissolved form, and the TP was mainly composed of adsorbed form.

Estimating Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution in the Upper Huairou Reservoir Using the Export Coefficient Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1796-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Zhang ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Export Coefficient ◽  
Phosphorus Loads ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Quantifying agricultural non-point pollution load accurately and understanding contribution of the pollution sources clearly is the base how to control non-point source pollution effectively. Pollution loads from agricultural non-point source in the upper Lianghuai basin of Huairou Reservoir, including Huaisha River and Huaijiu River basin, were estimated according to export coefficient modeling. The results show that total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads in Lianghuai basin respectively are 322.52 t and 35.769 t in 2011.The total nitrogen and total phosphorus load intensities in Huaisha River basin are higher than that in Huaijiu River basin. Farmland planting including orchard and cropland, livestock and poultry breeding and rural domestic waste make a greater contribution to total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads. The study can provide scientific basis for further understanding characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus loads and agricultural structure adjustment.

Investigation of point source and non-point source pollution for Panjiakou Reservoir in North China by modelling approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Jeanne Huang ◽  
Wenyan Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Supply Source ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Tianjin City ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution ◽  
Modelling Approach

Panjiakou Reservoir is the main water supply source for Tianjin City, which has a population of over 14 million. In order to develop a watershed management strategic plan for source water protection, it is necessary to have reliable information on point source (PS) and non-point source pollution (NPS). The modelling approach has been frequently used in the study of partitioning of PS and NPS pollution on a basin scale. This study employed the Loading Simulation Program in C++ (LSPC) model to investigate the PS and NPS source pollution loadings to Panjiakou Reservoir. The hydrological model and the water quality model were developed and validated using field data from 2006 to 2010. It has been found that the PS pollution is still the major source for chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings, accounting for about three-quarters of the total annual loadings to the reservoir; while near half of the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) total annual loadings are from NPS pollution. There is a large seasonal variation for TN and TP loadings from NPS pollution. The contribution of TN and TP from NPS in the flooding seasons can reach 70%, whereas the contribution can also be as low as 4% during the dry season in the winter.

Efficiency Evaluations of Filter Media for Reduction of Non Point Source in Urban Area

2010 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 316-319
Author(s):  
Seog Ku Kim ◽  
Hye Cheol Oh ◽  
Sung Won Kang ◽  
Sang Leen Yun ◽  
Jae Hwan Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Identical Condition ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Artificial Materials ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Runoff Control ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

In this study, to effectively control urban non point source pollution, natural and artificial materials which were processed in various ways were charged as a filter media in a real size urban non point source pollution plant(EcoTank) and compared and evaluated the efficiency of filtering solid and organic compounds. The efficiency of filter media was evaluated after collecting dust from urban surface and artificially producing runoffs to evaluate runoff control efficiency of pollutants that caused from pollution in urban streets. To evaluate the efficiency of pollutants runoff control depending on different filter types, EPP(Expanded polypropylene), GAC(Granular activated carbon), Zeolite, Mix-1(EPP in the upper part, GAC in the lower part), Mix-2(GAC in the upper part, EPP in the lower part) was charged to the EcoTank and conducted experiments in an identical condition[6]. As a result of the filter evaluation using real size reactor, EPP was identified as the best filter media for non point source pollution runoff control, and the efficiency was in the following order: EPP > Mix-1 > Mix-2 > GAC > Zeolite.

scholarly journals Water Resource Risk Assessment Based on Non-Point Source Pollution

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1907
Author(s):  
Xiaodie Yuan ◽  
Zhang Jun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Phosphorus Loads ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

As one of the most important causes of water quality deterioration, NPS (non-point source) pollution has become an urgent environmental and livelihood issue. To date, there have been only a few studies focusing on NPS pollution conforming to the estimation, and the pollution sources are mainly concentrated in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. Unlike studies that only consider the intensity of nitrogen and phosphorus loads, the NPS pollution risk for the China’s Fuxian Lake Basin was evaluated in this study by using IECM (Improve Export Coefficient Model) and RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) models to estimate nitrogen and phosphorus loads and soil loss and by using a multi-factor NPS pollution risk assessment index established on the basis of the data mentioned above. First, the results showed that the load intensity of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the Fuxian Lake Basin is low, so agricultural production and life are important sources of pollution. Second, the soil loss degree of erosion in the Fuxian Lake is mild, so topography is one of the most important factors affecting soil erosion. Third, the risk of NPS pollution in the Fuxian Lake Basin is at a medium level and its spatial distribution characteristics are similar to the intensity characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss. Nitrogen, phosphorus, sediment, and mean concentrations are important factors affecting NPS pollution. These factors involve both natural and man-made environments. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the factors affecting NPS in order to assess the NPS risk more accurately, as well as to better solve the problem of ecological pollution of water resources and to allow environmental restoration.

Assessment of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Non-point Source Pollution from Rice Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 941-945
Author(s):  
Dong Feng Huang ◽  
Li Min Wang ◽  
Wei Hua Li ◽  
Xin Jian Lin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Runoff Plots ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Under the condition of natural rain and through the method of field runoff plots, a field experiment with 6 kinds of water and fertilizer managements in 5 years was carried out to study the effects of water and fertilizer managements on the concentration and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus by runoff from paddy field. Results showed that: Water quality of runoff under “none fertilization and routine irrigation”(CK) was the best, and which under “optimization fertilization and optimization irrigation”(OF+OI) took the second place. And the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus under CK was the least, and which under OF+OI was less. Thus, we can conclude that it is an economical and effective measure to control nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution from paddy field by using the treatment of OF+OI.

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