scholarly journals Optimum Detailed Standards to Control Non-Point Source Pollution Priority Management Areas: Centered on Highland Agriculture Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9842
Author(s):  
Jinsun Kim ◽  
Baekyung Park ◽  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Minji Park ◽  
Jong Mun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Geologic Structure ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Field Area ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

The Ministry of Environment in Korea aims to reduce non-point source (NPS) pollution and improve soil water management by expanding NPS priority management areas. Six NPS priority management areas to reduce suspended solids (SS) according to soil loss were chosen as they either constitute serious hazards to the natural ecosystem due to NPS pollutants or they are areas with unusual geologic structure or strata. Although more comprehensive standards are required for effective NPS management, however, no detailed consideration factors and standards are available in the legal provisions. Therefore, in this study, based on the existing six priority NPS management areas and using results from previous studies, we present detailed legal designation standards. We found that the higher the altitude, slope, and field area ratio, the higher the effect of SS on water quality during rainfall. Additionally, there is a high correlation as R2 0.9813 between SS and the habitat and riparian index. These results are useful for establishing detailed standards for areas requiring an NPS management system, future expansion of the NPS priority management area designation, and policymaking and research for reducing NPS pollution in Korea.

scholarly journals Comparative study on nutrient removal of agricultural non-point source pollution for three filter media filling schemes in eco-soil reactors

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608
Author(s):  
Fuyi Du ◽  
Qingjie Xie ◽  
Longxiang Fang ◽  
Hang Su
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Nutrient Removal Efficiency ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution have been increasingly recognized as a major contributor to the deterioration of water quality in recent years. The purpose of this article is to investigate the discrepancies in interception of nutrients in agricultural NPS pollution for eco-soil reactors using different filling schemes. Parallel eco-soil reactors of laboratory scale were created and filled with filter media, such as grit, zeolite, limestone, and gravel. Three filling schemes were adopted: increasing-sized filling (I-filling), decreasing-sized filling (D-filling), and blend-sized filling (B-filling). The systems were intermittent operations via simulated rainstorm runoff. The nutrient removal efficiency, biomass accumulation and vertical dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution were defined to assess the performance of eco-soil. The results showed that B-filling reactor presented an ideal DO for partial nitrification–denitrification across the eco-soil, and B-filling was the most stable in the change of bio-film accumulation trends with depth in the three fillings. Simultaneous and highest removals of NH4+-N (57.74–70.52%), total nitrogen (43.69–54.50%), and total phosphorus (42.50–55.00%) were obtained in the B-filling, demonstrating the efficiency of the blend filling schemes of eco-soil for oxygen transfer and biomass accumulation to cope with agricultural NPS pollution.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Forest Characteristics on Non-point Source Pollution: A Case Study at Chaohu Basin, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
Liangjie Wang ◽  
Junfeng Xiong ◽  
Lingyun Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Pollution Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Forestland is a key land use/land cover (LULC) type that affects nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, and has great impacts on the spatiotemporal features of watershed NPS pollution. In this study, the forestland characteristics of the Chaohu Basin, China, were quantitatively represented using forestland types (FLTs), watershed forest coverage (WFC) and forest distance from the river (DFR). To clarify the impact of forests on NPS pollution, the relationship between forestland characteristics and watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP) was explored on a monthly scale using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and the period simulation was 2008–2016. The results showed that: (1) the TN and TP showed similar output characteristics and the rainy season was the peak period of nitrogen and phosphorus output. (2) Among the forestland characteristics of forestland types, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river, watershed forest coverage and forest distance from the river had greater effects than forestland types on the control of watershed nutrient outputs (TN and TP). (3) In different forestland types, the watershed nutrient outputs intensity remained at the lowest level when the FLTs was mixed forest, with a TN output of 1244.73kg/km2 and TP output of 341.39 kg/km2. (4) The watershed nutrient outputs and watershed forest coverage were negatively correlated, with the highest watershed forest coverage (over 75%) reducing the TN outputs by 56.69% and the TP outputs by 53.46% compared to the lowest watershed forest coverage (below 25%), it showed that in areas with high forest land coverage, the non-point source pollution load in the watershed is smaller than in other areas. (5) forest distance from the river had an uncertain effect on the TN and TP output of the basin, the forestland itself is a source of pollution, but it also has the function of intercepting pollution movement; the forest distance from the river in the range of 500–1000 m had the lowest NPS pollution. Considering the different forest characteristics and topographical factors, an optimal allocation mode of differentiated forest land was proposed, these suggestions will provide a scheme for surface source pollution prevention and control in the basin. This research gap is the basis of real forestland optimization. We may optimize the forestland layout for NPS pollution prevention and control by clarifying the internal mechanism.

Spatial Distribution of Non-Point Source Pollution in Nansihu Watershed Based on SWAT Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2812-2815
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Zu Lu Zhang ◽  
Yuan Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Point Source ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Dissolved Form ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Non-point source (NPS) pollution load of N and P in Nansihu watershed were simulated based on SWAT model. The Sihe watershed was selected as typical watershed for east of the lake, and the Dongyu watershed was selected as typical watershed for west of lake. The two typical watersheds were simulated respectively, and then the models were used to simulate the other rivers basins in the Nansihu watershed. Data collected in the period from 2001 to 2007 was used for calibration, while data collected from 2008 to 2010 was used for validation. Then the spatial distribution of NPS pollution in Nansihu watershed (2010) was simulated with the validated model. The result indicated that the SWAT model could simulate the no-point source pollution in Nansihu watershed with high-precision. The watershed was polluted seriously with N and P. The TN was mainly composed of dissolved form, and the TP was mainly composed of adsorbed form.

Investigation of point source and non-point source pollution for Panjiakou Reservoir in North China by modelling approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhui Jeanne Huang ◽  
Wenyan Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Supply Source ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Tianjin City ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution ◽  
Modelling Approach

Panjiakou Reservoir is the main water supply source for Tianjin City, which has a population of over 14 million. In order to develop a watershed management strategic plan for source water protection, it is necessary to have reliable information on point source (PS) and non-point source pollution (NPS). The modelling approach has been frequently used in the study of partitioning of PS and NPS pollution on a basin scale. This study employed the Loading Simulation Program in C++ (LSPC) model to investigate the PS and NPS source pollution loadings to Panjiakou Reservoir. The hydrological model and the water quality model were developed and validated using field data from 2006 to 2010. It has been found that the PS pollution is still the major source for chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings, accounting for about three-quarters of the total annual loadings to the reservoir; while near half of the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) total annual loadings are from NPS pollution. There is a large seasonal variation for TN and TP loadings from NPS pollution. The contribution of TN and TP from NPS in the flooding seasons can reach 70%, whereas the contribution can also be as low as 4% during the dry season in the winter.

scholarly journals Non-point source pollution and long-term effects of best management measures simulated in the Qifeng River Basin in the Karst Area of Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Liying ◽  
Qin Litang ◽  
Peng Guangsheng ◽  
Zeng Honghu ◽  
Liu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Nps Pollution ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Abstract Non-point source (NPS) pollution has caused serious threats to water quality on a global scale. However, the investigation using a single measure with multi-scenarios for the long-term simulation in karst agricultural watershed is still lacking. In this study, the Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution (AnnAGNPS) model was developed to verify the applicability in a karst agricultural watershed. Then, the model was used to determine the best management measures (BMPs) and the reduction rate characteristics under long-term effects (about 10 years) in the watershed. The AnnAGNPS model perform well in simulating in NPS pollution with R2 (0.95 for runoff, 0.93 for TN, and 0.93 for TP, respectively) and NSE (0.95 for runoff, 0.53 for TN, and 0.57 for TP, respectively). The output of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) primarily occurred in the rainy season (up to 80%). The loss of mass of TN and TP were mainly observed in orchards and woodlands in the upstream of each sub-basin. The results from AnnAGNPS model demonstrated that different BMPs had significant impacts on the reduction of NPS pollution. Furthermore, a same BMPs measure showed it was closely related to land use in the watershed. In the Qifeng River watershed, stubble tillage (ST) showed to be useful with relatively good reduction rates (16.64% for sediment, 17.85% for TN, and 17.80% for TP, respectively). The simulation results indicated that AnnAGNPS was a valuable tool after validation for the planning and management of the watershed in karst areas.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Change of Land Use and Its Impact on Water Quality of East-Liao River Basin from 2000 to 2020

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Mingxi Zhang ◽  
Guangzhi Rong ◽  
Aru Han ◽  
Dao Riao ◽  
Xingpeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Land use change is an important driving force factor affecting the river water environment and directly affecting water quality. To analyze the impact of land use change on water quality change, this study first analyzed the land use change index of the study area. Then, the study area was divided into three subzones based on surface runoff. The relationship between the characteristics of land use change and the water quality grade was obtained by grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the land use types changed significantly in the study area since 2000, and water body and forest land were the two land types with the most significant changes. The transfer rate is cultivated field > forest land > construction land > grassland > unused land > water body. The entropy value of land use information is represented as Area I > Area III > Area II. The shift range of gravity center is forest land > grassland > water body > unused land > construction land > cultivated field. There is a strong correlation between land use change index and water quality, which can be improved and managed by changing the land use type. It is necessary to establish ecological protection areas or functional areas in Area I, artificial lawns or plantations shall be built in the river around the water body to intercept pollutants from non-point source pollution in Area II, and scientific and rational farming in the lower reaches of rivers can reduce non-point source pollution caused by farming.

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