Impact of operational parameters on biofiltration performance: organic carbon removal and effluent turbidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1683-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek A. Nemani ◽  
Lizbeth Taylor-Edmonds ◽  
Nicolas M. Peleato ◽  
Robert C. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
The Impact

The objectives of this pilot-scale study were to optimize backwash frequency and empty bed contact time (EBCT) of biofilters treating ozonated surface water from Lake Ontario. Performance was benchmarked in terms of the reduction of turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, and ultrafiltration foulants (biopolymers). Increasing the EBCT from 4 to 8 min resulted in a higher reduction of DOC (5%), trihalomethane (THM4) and haloacetic acid (HAA9) precursors (∼12%) without negatively impacting effluent turbidity (consistently below 0.4 NTU), while biopolymer removal remained unaffected (2%). The impact of varying backwash frequency (5, 10, and 25 day intervals) was also compared for biofilters operated at an EBCT of 4 min. Results showed no impact of extended run times (up to 25 days) on DOC or DBP precursor removal; however turbidity removal was affected beyond 15 days of operation. Backwashing biofilters at 10 vs 5 day intervals would result in a reduction of backwash water, energy consumption and amount to nearly $17,000 in savings for the utility.

scholarly journals The impact of dissolved organic carbon and bacterial respiration on pCO2 in experimental sea ice

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhou ◽  
M. Kotovitch ◽  
H. Kaartokallio ◽  
S. Moreau ◽  
J.-L. Tison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
The Impact

Open water metabolism and dissolved organic carbon in response to environmental watering in a lowland river–floodplain complex

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Wallace ◽  
Deborah Furst
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
Receiving Waters ◽  
The Impact

The relative importance of autochthonous and allochthonous organic material in fuelling ecosystem metabolism is increasingly understood for some river systems. However, in south-eastern Australia, the majority of studies have been conducted during low flows when the supply of allochthonous carbon was limited. Consequently, the importance of episodic inputs of terrestrially derived material in supporting these food webs remains poorly understood. We assessed the influence of return flows from two different scales of environmental watering actions on dissolved organic carbon and open-water productivity in receiving waters adjacent to the watered area. For the wetland-scale event, gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration increased in the receiving waters during the period of return flows. During the floodplain-scale watering, differences were observed among sites. Within the managed inundation zone, values for net ecosystem productivity switched from near zero during the baseline to strongly negative during the impact period, whereas values at the river sites were either near zero or positive. The results contribute to our understanding of the relative role of allochthonous material in supporting aquatic food webs in lowland rivers, and demonstrate potential for watering actions to have a positive influence on riverine productivity during periods of low water availability.

scholarly journals Concentration of Total Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Surface Water in Poland and Germany

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sobczak ◽  
Agata Rosińska
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Rhine River ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon

Total organic carbon (TOC) present in surface water consists of different fractions like dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC). BDOC may have an impact on the bacteriological quality of water as it can be a source of carbon and energy for microorganisms. It is important to consider this parameter in case of the distribution of drinking water. The aim of this research was to compare the qualities of chosen surface water in Poland and Germany in terms of concentration of total organic carbon and its fractions. The samples were taken from the reservoir in Poland and Rhine River in Germany. The first one is a source of drinking water for humans. The research showed that, considering the analyzed compounds, the water from the river has better quality.

Trends of dissolved organic carbon in surface water treated by innate coagulants

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapuredd ◽  
Vara Saritha ◽  
N. Srinivas ◽  
Manoj Kumar Karnena
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon

The impact of nitrogen amendment and crop growth on dissolved organic carbon in soil solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-guo Wang ◽  
Chang-sheng Li ◽  
Yong Luo ◽  
Ke-ke Hua ◽  
Ming-hua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Amendment ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Proximate and ultimate controls on carbon and nutrient dynamics of small agricultural catchments

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1863-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Thomas ◽  
Benjamin W. Abbott ◽  
Olivier Troccaz ◽  
Jacques Baudry ◽  
Gilles Pinay
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Direct and indirect effects from human activity have dramatically increased nutrient loading to aquatic inland and estuarine ecosystems. Despite an abundance of studies investigating the impact of agricultural activity on water quality, our understanding of what determines the capacity of a watershed to remove or retain nutrients remains limited. The goal of this study was to identify proximate and ultimate controls on dissolved organic carbon and nutrient dynamics in small agricultural catchments by investigating the relationship between catchment characteristics, stream discharge, and water chemistry. We analyzed a 5-year, high-frequency water chemistry data set from three catchments in western France ranging from 2.3 to 10.8 km2. The relationship between hydrology and solute concentrations differed between the three catchments and was associated with hedgerow density, agricultural activity, and geology. The catchment with thicker soil and higher surface roughness had relatively invariant carbon and nutrient chemistry across hydrologic conditions, indicating high resilience to human disturbance. Conversely, the catchments with smoother, thinner soils responded to both intra- and interannual hydrologic variation with high concentrations of phosphate (PO43−) and ammonium (NH4+) in streams during low flow conditions and strong increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sediment, and particulate organic matter during high flows. Despite contrasting agricultural activity between catchments, the physical context (geology, topography, and land-use configuration) appeared to be the most important determinant of catchment solute dynamics based on principle components analysis. The influence of geology and accompanying topographic and geomorphological factors on water quality was both direct and indirect because the distribution of agricultural activity in these catchments is largely a consequence of the geologic and topographic context. This link between inherent catchment buffering capacity and the probability of human disturbance provides a useful perspective for evaluating vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems and for managing systems to maintain agricultural production while minimizing leakage of nutrients.

scholarly journals Desorption of Organic Micropollutants from Loaded Granular Activated Carbon

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2754
Author(s):  
Daniela Reif ◽  
Ernis Saracevic ◽  
Monika Šabić Runjavec ◽  
Julia Haslinger ◽  
Heidemarie Schaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
The Impact

The loading of granular activated carbon (GAC) is influenced by the amount of water treated and the concentrations of adsorbates present in the water matrix. Through extraction experiments, we aimed to investigate the total adsorbed mass of eight organic micropollutants by using ethanol as solvent and the maximum possible concentrations, due to the desorption of organic micropollutants, in water. Three different drying methods and the impact of the contact time, GAC particle size, and GAC/solvent ratio were investigated. Although no significant differences between the drying methods could be observed, the chosen contact time and particle size had a significant impact on the amount of organic micropollutants extracted. Lower GAC/solvent ratios positively affected the extraction yield. The masses extracted in ethanol were compared with the cumulated masses calculated from 72 feed and effluent samples, collected during filter operation, resulting in extraction yields between 0.5% and 30%. The composition of extracted micropollutants in ethanol reflected the concentrations in feed water of the pilot-scale filter. Desorption in water was mostly influenced by the solubility of the investigated micropollutants. The same substances found in the supernatants inf the experiments could also be identified in the backwash water of the filter.

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