scholarly journals Nitrogen species distribution in groundwater of the Haihe River Plain

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Pingping Miao ◽  
Ala Aldahan ◽  
Peng Yi ◽  
Dalal Alshamsi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Haihe River ◽  
River Plain ◽  
Groundwater Wells

Abstract Natural and anthropogenic nitrate (NO3-N), nitrite (NO2-N) and ammonia (NH4-N) in groundwater represents vital environmental and health concern issue globally. Here, we present data and discuss sources of nitrogen compounds in the groundwater that accounts for two-thirds of the total water supply of the Haihe River Plain with a population of over 100 million. The spatial and temporal distribution of the nitrogen compounds (NO3-N, NO2-N, NH4-N) in the groundwater are linked to a variety of sources, such as fertilizers, domestic sewages, industrial wastewater and precipitation. About 12.64%, 53.90% and 16.73% of the investigated groundwater wells in the Haihe River Plain have NO3-N, NO2-N and NH4-N concentrations above permissible values for drinking water, respectively. Comprehensive actions such as changing farming methods, applying fertilizer at suitable times and appropriate irrigation pattern for the Haihe River Plain are required to reduce the nitrogen pollution in the future.

Analyses and assessment of the spatial and temporal distribution of nitrogen compounds in surface waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedyalka Georgieva ◽  
Zvezdelina Yaneva ◽  
Gergana Kostadinova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution

Watching Where You're Going: An Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Attention During Walking

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Augustyn ◽  
Caroline R. Mahoney ◽  
M. R. Fletcher ◽  
Edward Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution

The Measurement of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Radiation, Using a Talbot Spectrometer.

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolf W. Lohmann ◽  
Donald E. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Distribution of the Multi-element Signatures of the Estuarine Non-indigenous Bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia Vieira ◽  
Pedro Barrulas ◽  
Paula Chainho ◽  
Cristina Barrocas Dias ◽  
Katarzyna Sroczyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Ruditapes Philippinarum ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution

scholarly journals Occurrence of carcinogenic illudane glycosides in drinking water wells

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Skrbic ◽  
Vaidotas Kisielius ◽  
Ann-Katrin Pedersen ◽  
Sarah C. B. Christensen ◽  
Mathilde J. Hedegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Hydrolysis Products ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Great Health ◽  
Groundwater Wells

Abstract Background Ptaquiloside (PTA), caudatoside (CAU) and ptesculentoside (PTE) are carcinogenic illudane glycosides found in bracken ferns (Pteridium spp.) world-wide. The environmentally mobile PTA entails both acute and chronic toxicity. A comparable risk might be associated with the structurally similar CAU and PTE. It is of great health concern if these compounds are present in drinking water, however, it is currently unknown if these compounds can detected in wells in bracken-dominated regions. This study investigates the presence of PTA, CAU, PTE, and their corresponding hydrolysis products pterosins B (PtB), A (PtA) and G (PtG) in water wells in Denmark, Sweden and Spain. Water samples from a total of 77 deep groundwater wells (40–100 m) and shallow water wells (8–40 m) were collected and preserved in the field, pre-concentrated in the laboratory and analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Results Deep groundwater wells contained neither illudane glycosides nor their pterosins. However, seven private shallow wells contained at least one of the illudane glycosides and/or pterosins at concentrations up to 0.27 µg L−1 (PTA), 0.75 µg L−1 (CAU), 0.05 µg L−1 (PtB), 0.03 µg L−1 (PtA) and 0.28 µg L−1 (PtG). This is the first finding of illudane glycosides and pterosins in drinking water wells. Conclusions Detected concentrations of illudane glycosides in some of investigated wells exceeded the suggested maximum tolerable concentrations of PTA, although they were used for drinking water purpose. Contaminated wells were shallow with neutral pH and lower electric conductivity compared to deep groundwater wells with no illudane glycosides nor pterosins.

scholarly journals Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Transmitted PAR under High-Density and Super High-Density Olive Orchards

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Adolfo Rosati ◽  
Damiano Marchionni ◽  
Dario Mantovani ◽  
Luigi Ponti ◽  
Franco Famiani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
High Density ◽  
Radiation Use Efficiency ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Radiation Use

We quantified the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in a high-density (HD) and a super high-density (SHD) or hedgerow olive system, by measuring the PAR transmitted under the canopy along transects at increasing distance from the tree rows. Transmitted PAR was measured every minute, then cumulated over the day and the season. The frequencies of the different PAR levels occurring during the day were calculated. SHD intercepted significantly but slightly less overall PAR than HD (0.57 ± 0.002 vs. 0.62 ± 0.03 of the PAR incident above the canopy) but had a much greater spatial variability of transmitted PAR (0.21 under the tree row, up to 0.59 in the alley center), compared to HD (range: 0.34–0.43). This corresponded to greater variability in the frequencies of daily PAR values, with the more shaded positions receiving greater frequencies of low PAR values. The much lower PAR level under the tree row in SHD, compared to any position in HD, implies greater self-shading in lower-canopy layers, despite similar overall interception. Therefore, knowing overall PAR interception does not allow an understanding of differences in PAR distribution on the ground and within the canopy and their possible effects on canopy radiation use efficiency (RUE) and performance, between different architectural systems.

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