scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of 209 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in sediments of the Raritan River estuary, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 2400-2414
Author(s):  
Ya-nan Li ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhiwei Shao ◽  
Zhihui Duan ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Delaware River ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Tandem Quadrupole

Abstract This study investigated the distribution of 209 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in sediment samples collected from seven sites in the Raritan River estuary (NJ, USA) using gas chromatography/tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). Results showed that concentrations of 209 PCB congeners ranged up to 20 ng/g, that total PCB concentrations by homolog groups varied from 9.0 to 327 ng/g, and that total PCB mass ranged from 101.0 to 1,476.3 ng with the order of sites 6 > 7 > 3 > 4 > 2 > 1 > 5. Furthermore, higher PCB concentrations were detected for homolog groups including hexa- and hepta-PCBs. More PCBs were associated with sediments at downstream sites possibly due to accumulation and deposition in the estuary, as supported by strong correlations of PCB concentrations between different sampling sites (R2 ≤ 0.96). Comparisons with prior reports showed that all total PCB concentrations were below those reported by the Contamination Assessment and Reduction Project (CARP) and Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC), except for sites 6 and 7. Sites 3 and 4 had PCB concentrations exceeding the 22.7 ng/g limit of the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), whereas sites 6 and 7 exceeded the 180 ng/g limit, indicating potential health hazards from PCBs.

Enrichment and Accumulation of Zinc in the Sediment of Jen-Gen River Estuary, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2693-2696
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Accumulation Index

The spatial distribution, enrichment, and accumulation of zinc (Zn) in the surface sediments of Jen-Gen River estuary, Taiwan, were studied. Results show that samples collected from 11 stations near the estuary of Jen-Gen River contain 221–627 mg/kg of Zn with average of 502±114 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Zn reveals is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Enrichment factor analysis indicates that the sediments of Jen-Gen River estuary were severe enrichment with Zn. Geo-accumulation index analysis indicates that the sediments of Jen-Gen River estuary were moderately strong accumulated with Zn. Base on the comparison with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the concentrations of Zn in the sediments of Jen-Gen River estuary may cause acute biological damage.

scholarly journals Natural and Anthropogenic Origin of Metals in Lacustrine Sediments; Assessment and Consequences—A Case Study of Wigry Lake (Poland)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Anna Kostka ◽  
Andrzej Leśniak
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Sediment Types

The contamination of aquatic sediments by metals is a worldwide phenomenon and its assessment is a fairly complex issue, as numerous factors affect the distribution of particular contaminants in the environment, as well as their bioavailability. Wigry Lake, as the object of this study, is almost a perfect water body for such considerations. It has been well investigated and densely sampled (up to 459 sediment samples). The quantities of seven metals were determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-MS methods, following previous extraction in a microwave oven. The levels of concentration of the examined elements were as follows (min–max (mg·kg−1)): Cd—0.003–3.060; Cr—0.20–22.61; Cu—0.02–59.70; Fe—80–32,857; Mn—18–1698; Pb—7.0–107.5; Zn—3.1–632.1. Significant differences were also registered in terms of particular metal concentrations in different sediment types found at the lake bottom. Five different geochemical backgrounds and sediment quality guidelines implemented in the study enabled a very scrupulous contamination assessment of the lake sediments’ condition, as well as the evaluation of the natural and anthropogenic contribution to the enrichment of examined sediments in metals. Although Wigry Lake is situated in a pristine region, it is still subject to anthropopressure, which seems to be the lowest in respect to Cr and Mn, while the highest in the case of Pb. The chemoecological state of the lake was ultimately assessed as good. The study highlighted the necessity of an integrated approach to the assessment of contamination or pollution in the course of an environmental research.

Distribution, Enrichment, Accumulation, and Potential Ecological Effect of Lead in the Sediment of Jen-Gen River Estuary, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 533-536
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Severe Degree

This study was conducted using the data collected at the estuary of Jen-Gen River to investigate and analyze Lead (Pb) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Pb and the degree of its potential effect. The results show that samples collected at all monitoring stations near the mouth of Jen-Gen River contain 31–87 mg/kg of Pb with a mean of 65±17 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Pb reveals that the Pb concentration is relatively high in the river estuary region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor (EF) analysis imply that the sediments can be characterized as moderately severe to severe degree of Pb enrichment. Results of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) analysis indicate that the sediments can be characterized as moderate to moderately strong degree of Pb accumulation. Base on the comparison with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), the concentrations of Pb in the sediments of Jen-Gen River estuary may cause acute biological damage.

scholarly journals Organochlorine pesticides in the Tisza River (Serbia): Distribution and risk assessment

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Snezana Strbac ◽  
Natasa Stojic ◽  
Mira Pucarevic ◽  
Biljana Bajic
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Tisza River ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Potential Cancer

Paper provided the systematic data on the distribution and risk assess?ment status of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediment of the Tisza River (Serbia). The ?-HCH, endrin ketone and methoxychlor are the most commonly found OCPs compounds. According to Serbian regulation concentrations of dieldrin, ?-HCH, ?-HCH and heptachlor were below limit values. In the Tisza River, sediment samples concentrations of aldrin, endrin, ?-HCH, endosulfans, heptachlor epoxide, p,p?-DDD, p,p?-DDE, p,p?-DDT were above limit values but below maximum concentration. Adverse effects are expected occasionally and slight potential health risks may exist to organisms based on the sediment quality guidelines. Upon exposure to organochlorine pesticides through non-dietary routes, results reported no potential cancer risk. The highest risk of cancer was through ingestion of contaminated sediments and minimal through inhalation routes.

Evaluation of Chromium Contamination in the Surface Sediments of Canon River Estuary, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2117-2120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu Wen Chen ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Cheng Di Dong
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Canon River estuary, Taiwan to investigate and analyze Chromium (Cr) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the enrichment and accumulation of Cr. Results of laboratory analyses show that concentrations of Cr in the sediments are between 27 and 192 mg/kg with an average of 111±52 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cr reveals is relatively high in the boundary of the river estuary region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the sediments collected from the river estuary can be characterized between no enrichment to moderate degree enrichment and between none to medium accumulation of Cr, respectively. Base on the comparison with sediment quality guidelines, the sediments Cr concentrations may cause acute biological damage. The results can provide regulatory valuable information to be referenced for developing future strategies to renovate and manage river estuary and harbor.

scholarly journals Contamination Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediment Cores from De Montigny Lake around Siscoe-Sullivan Former Mining Sites, Val-d’Or, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. p16
Author(s):  
Patrick Vualu Ibula Mambenga
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality Guidelines ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Mean

Seven sediment cores were collected from De Montigny Lake in order to determine concentrations, and contamination assessment of heavy metals such as Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, Co and Cd. The mean concentrations of heavy metals are as follows: 48.3 mg/kg for Cr, 36.4 mg/kg for Zn, 20.6 mg/kg for Ni, 14.7 mg/kg for Pb, 10.2 mg/kg for Cu, 6.7 mg/kg for Co and 0.1 mg/kg for Cd. Based on the sediment quality guidelines, the mean concentration metals such as Cr, Cu and Ni exceeded the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guideline. However, the concentration of Cr was more than the Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for Protection of Aquatic Life (CCME), and Threshold Effect Level (TEL) guidelines. The metal contamination in the sediments was also evaluated using Enrichment Factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) to assess natural and anthropogenic factors. The results of enrichment factor methods demonstrated that sediments from De Montigny Lake were moderately to high enriched, mainly controlled by through anthropogenic activities. According to Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), the concentrations metals from the core sediment of De Montigny Lake are classified as having moderate impacts with potential adverse biotoxic effects.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

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