Modelling of the Simultaneous Removal of Organic Substances and Nitrogen in a Biofilm

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 791-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Chen ◽  
H. Ozaki ◽  
Y. Terashima
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Balance Equations

A mathematical model of the simultaneous removal of organic substances and nitrogen compounds in a biofilm reactor was developed, taking account of the relationships between oxidation, nitrification, denitrification, and mass transport. The model consists of a set of simultaneous mass balance equations for organic substances, ammonium nitrogen, oxidized nitrogen, oxygen, and alkalinity within the biofilm, and another set of transport equations for these substances within diffusion layer of the biofilm. Synthetic dual and triple Monod-type kinetics describing, respectively, oxidation, and nitrification and denitrification were incorporated into the mass balance equations. The model was evaluated based on experimental data and the computer simulations. This model successfully explained the mechanism of simultaneous removal and the effects of bulk concentrations of organic substances, DO, ammonium nitrogen, and alkalinity on simultaneous removal in a submerged biofilm reactor.

Simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen compounds by an aerobic/anoxic membrane biofilm reactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 4109-4116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Hasar ◽  
Siqing Xia ◽  
Chang Hoon Ahn ◽  
Bruce E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor

Thermal Modeling of Solar Dryer — Numerical Simulation, Analysis and Performance Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850032
Author(s):  
Hatem Oueslati ◽  
Salah Ben Mabrouk ◽  
Abdelkader Mami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Bond Graphs ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

This work aims to establish a mathematical model for studying, describing and evaluating the thermal performance of a solar drying device. Therefore, in order to be able to test the theory by numerical simulation, it is necessary to have a model of the device and values of the realistic parameters. A model based on bond graphs methodology is developed to represent the critical energetic relations; thermal analysis of the solar dryer was investigated based on thermal balance equations to predict its performance and the mass transfer phenomena are mostly analyzed through the study of the drying kinetics. Comparison of the results with experimental data suggests the model is reasonable for sizing such a solar dryer.

scholarly journals Construction of a mathematical model of the film absorber for sulfating two-component mixtures of organic substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6 (114)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Dzevochko ◽  
Mykhaylo Podustov ◽  
Alona Dzevochko ◽  
Vladimir Panasenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Sulfur Trioxide ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Gaseous Sulfur ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The processes that occur in film absorbers during the sulfation of two-component mixtures of organic substances are quite complex and require mathematical modeling. This paper reports the construction of a mathematical model that makes it possible to adequately describe the process of sulfation involving gaseous sulfur trioxide in the production of surfactants. Based on the model, it became possible to investigate this process for higher alcohols of fractions С12–С14 and monoethanolamides of higher fatty acids of coconut oil. The data are given on the comparison of mathematical modeling results based on the mathematical model built with known experimental data and results of alternative mathematical modeling for different ratios of the length of the reaction pipe to its diameter (l/d). It is shown that the error in comparing the experimental data was 4.8–9.6 % at l l/d=29; 1.1–8.7 % at l/d=70; 3.9–12.3 % at l/d=144. The error in comparing known results of alternative mathematical modeling was, respectively, 6.3–7.2 %, 0.1–6.5 %, 0–1.0 %. These results were obtained for the molar ratio in the range of 1.0–1.15 and the SO3 concentration in the stream of 4.0–6.0 %. Such findings suggest that the established dependences of the basic parameters for the sulfation process are adequate in terms of the absorber length and its radial direction. Therefore, the mathematical model built does hold within the considered ranges of input variables. Consequently, it could be used in the theoretical study of the process of sulfation of two-component mixtures of organic substances by gaseous sulfur trioxide in a film absorber with a downward flow of phases. The results obtained could be used in practice, in particular in the manufacture of high-quality products for the cosmetic industry.

Modelling of the Ventilation Unit for a Stand Alone Solar Collector

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Louis Canaletti ◽  
Christian Cristofari ◽  
Gilles Notton
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Long Time

The work described in this paper concerns a part of the modelling of a standalone air solar collector producing low temperature heat. The main role of the system is to avoid freezing temperatures and to reduce humidity in a room or in an unoccupied home during a long time, with only solar radiation. In view to dispose an essential sizing tool for this solar collector, we developed a mathematical model based on energy balance equations and on the characteristics of the system. This model allows simulation of the aerolic and thermal behaviour of the solar collector. It was validated using experimental data collected by telemetry in six operating sites. We present here the behaviour model of the ventilation unit part.

Modeling of turboflo - a novel biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Mousseau ◽  
Sean X. Liu ◽  
Slawomir W. Hermanowicz ◽  
Valentina Lazarova ◽  
Jacques Manem
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Isotropic Turbulence ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Successful Approach ◽  
Liquid Mass Transfer ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A mathematical model of a novel industrial-scale biofilm reactor - TURBOFLO - was developed. The reactor is an internal circulating airlift with rectangular cross-section. High density polyethylene granules with a density of less than 1 g/cm3 were used to support bacterial growth. The reactor was used for several months for nitrification of secondary effluent. The mathematical model consisted of three differential mass balance equations for ammonia, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biomass. Description of gas-liquid mass transfer was the critical part of the model. The most successful approach was based on Higbie's penetration theory and Kolmogorov's isotropic turbulence.

The substantiation of the formalized estimation of effectiveness of technological and production systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
M. I. Sidorov ◽  
М. Е. Stavrovsky ◽  
V. V. Irogov ◽  
E. S. Yurtsev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Van Der Pol

Using the example of van der Pol developed a mathematical model of frictional self-oscillations in topochemically kinetics. Marked qualitative correspondence of the results of calculation performed using the experimental data of researchers.

scholarly journals Interpreting Locked Photographic Data: The Case of Apollo 17 Photo GPN-2000-00113

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Pyrrhon Amathes ◽  
Paul Christodoulides
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Geometrical Analysis ◽  
Apparent Position ◽  
Apollo Program ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment

Photography can be used for pleasure and art but can also be used in many disciplines of science, because it captures the details of the moment and can serve as a proving tool due to the information it preserves. During the period of the Apollo program (1969 to 1972), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) successfully landed humans on the Moon and showed hundreds of photos to the world presenting the travel and landings. This paper uses computer simulations and geometry to examine the authenticity of one such photo, namely Apollo 17 photo GPN-2000-00113. In addition, a novel approach is employed by creating an experimental scene to illustrate details and provide measurements. The crucial factors on which the geometrical analysis relies are locked in the photograph and are: (a) the apparent position of the Earth relative to the illustrated flag and (b) the point to which the shadow of the astronaut taking the photo reaches, in relation to the flagpole. The analysis and experimental data show geometrical and time mismatches, proving that the photo is a composite.

scholarly journals Exhaust Noise Reduction by Application of Expanded Collecting System in Pneumatic Tools and Machines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Dominik Gryboś ◽  
Jacek S. Leszczyński ◽  
Dorota Czopek ◽  
Jerzy Wiciak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Acoustic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Exhaust Noise ◽  
Collecting System

In this paper, we demonstrate how to reduce the noise level of expanded air from pneumatic tools. Instead of a muffler, we propose the expanded collecting system, where the air expands through the pneumatic tube and expansion collector. We have elaborated a mathematical model which illustrates the dynamics of the air flow, as well as the acoustic pressure at the end of the tube. The computational results were compared with experimental data to check the air dynamics and sound pressure. Moreover, the study presents the methodology of noise measurement generated in a pneumatic screwdriver in a quiet back room and on a window-fitting stand in a production hall. In addition, we have performed noise measurements for the pneumatic screwdriver and the pneumatic screwdriver on an industrial scale. These measurements prove the noise reduction of the pneumatic tools when the expanded collecting system is used. When the expanded collecting system was applied to the screwdriver, the measured Sound Pressure Level (SPL) decreased from 87 to 80 dB(A).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document