Preparation of Drinking Water from the Surface Water of the Danube–A Case Study

Investigations of the removal of organic micropollutants (9 groups, 55 compounds, according to the EPA classification) from the Danube surface water to produce drinking water were carried out by two procedures. In the first procedure, micropollutants were oxidized with chlorine and the residues removed by means of powder active carbon*(PAC). The second procedure involved microbiological oxidation on biologically active carbon**(BAC).It was found that the Danube water treatment with 15 mg/dm3 of chlorine in the presence of PAC (60–90 mg/dm3), followed by coagulation with 51.1 mg/dm3 Al2(SO4)3 and 2.5 mg/dm3 FeCl3 resulted in the removal of the majority of the micropollutants. Furthermore, the BAC system was more efficient than the system involving PAC in removing organic micropollutants, especially those belonging to the pesticides and polyaromatics groups. A general conclusion would be that the BAC system is advantageous in respect of the removal of both total organic load and some micropollutants. * powdered activated carbon; ** biologically activated carbon

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Removing 17β-estradiol from drinking water in a biologically active carbon (BAC) reactor modified from a granular activated carbon (GAC) reactor

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2012.03.033 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 2828-2836 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Zhongtian Li ◽

Bruce Dvorak ◽

Xu Li

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Active Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Biologically Active ◽

17Β Estradiol ◽

Biologically Active Carbon

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Problem of DOC removal during biological treatment of surface water with a high amount of humic substances

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2004.0076 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 183-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Juhna ◽

J. Rubulis

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Surface Water ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Active Carbon ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Chemical Precipitation ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Biologically Active Carbon

Chemical precipitation in combination with biological treatment is a commonly used method for removal of turbidity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from drinking water. DOC is largely removed during biological treatment, which includes ozonation and filtration through a biologically active carbon (BAC) filter. Ozone converts humic substances into a biologically labile form that is mineralised by bacteria living in the following BAC filter. This study shows that this approach is often not efficient for removal of DOC from waters with a high amount of humic substances. During chemical treatment, the microbiologically available phosphorus is very efficiently removed, which results in shortages of phosphorus needed for bacteria to mineralise carbon in BAC filters. To enhance removal of DOC by biological treatment, addition of phosphorus prior to the BAC filters should be considered.

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Biodegradation of geosmin in drinking water by novel bacteria isolated from biologically active carbon

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60458-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 816-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Beihai Zhou ◽

Rongfang Yuan ◽

Chunhong Shi ◽

Liying Yu ◽

Junnong Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Active Carbon ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Novel Bacteria ◽

Biologically Active Carbon

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A case study of organic micropollutants in a major Swedish water source – Removal efficiency in seven drinking water treatment plants and influence of operational age of granulated active carbon filters

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135680 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 706 ◽

pp. 135680 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rikard Tröger ◽

Stephan J. Köhler ◽

Vera Franke ◽

Olof Bergstedt ◽

Karin Wiberg

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Active Carbon ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Water Source ◽

Organic Micropollutants ◽

Water Treatment Plants

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Resorcinarene Cavitand Polymers for the Remediation of Halomethanes and 1,4-Dioxane

10.26434/chemrxiv.8847839 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Luke Skala ◽

Anna Yang ◽

Max Justin Klemes ◽

Leilei Xiao ◽

William Dichtel

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

High Capacity ◽

The United States ◽

Water Sources ◽

Disinfection Byproducts ◽

Porous Polymer ◽

Organic Micropollutants ◽

Executive Summary ◽

Regulatory Limits

Executive summary: Porous resorcinarene-containing polymers are used to remove halomethane disinfection byproducts and 1,4-dioxane from water. Disinfection byproducts such as trihalomethanes are some of the most common micropollutants found in drinking water. Trihalomethanes are formed upon chlorination of natural organic matter (NOM) found in many drinking water sources. Municipalities that produce drinking water from surface water sources struggle to remain below regulatory limits for CHCl3 and other trihalomethanes (80 mg L–1 in the United States). Inspired by molecular CHCl3⊂cavitand host-guest complexes, we designed a porous polymer comprised of resorcinarene receptors. These materials show higher affinity for halomethanes than a specialty activated carbon used for trihalomethane removal. The cavitand polymers show similar removal kinetics as activated carbon and have high capacity (49 mg g–1 of CHCl3). Furthermore, these materials maintain their performance in real drinking water and can be thermally regenerated under mild conditions. Cavitand polymers also outperform activated carbon in their adsorption of 1,4-dioxane, which is difficult to remove and contaminates many public water sources. These materials show promise for removing toxic organic micropollutants and further demonstrate the value of using supramolecular chemistry to design novel absorbents for water purification.

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